野菊野生抚育研究
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摘要
该研究通过分析比较野生抚育、人工栽培、野生条件下野菊种群在生物学、生态学、产量、品质方面的差异,为野菊花药材资源品质的形成提供理论依据。结果显示,野生抚育与大田栽培植株株高无显著差异,但均显著高于野生植株,大田栽培野菊茎粗与分枝数显著高于野生抚育与野生植株;野生抚育较大田栽培不易发生涝害,较野生环境不易发生病虫害;野生抚育样方平均产量显著高于大田栽培与野生样方; 3个样地中野菊头状花序性状指标无显著性差异,蒙花苷质量分数均高于2%,显著高于《中国药典》2015年版中规定的0. 80%。因此,人工补种以及适当人工管理的野生抚育是一种获得高品质、高产量野菊花药材的生产方式。
To provide theoretical basis for the formation of Chrysanthemum indicum resource and quality,the differences in biology,ecology,yield and quality of Ch. indicum population in the wild tending,the cultivated and the wild were analyzed and compared in this study. The results showed that in the aspect of biology,there was no significant difference between the condition of wild tending and cultivated Ch. indicum at the height of plant,both were significantly higher than wild Ch. indicum. In the aspect of ecology,in the condition of wild tending is less likely to occur water logging than cultivated Ch. indicum. In the condition of wild tending is less likely to occur plant diseases and insect pests than Ch. indicum in the condition of wild. In the aspect of production,the average output of the sample of the condition of wild tending was significantly higher than that the condition of artificial cultivation and wild quadrat. There was no significant difference between the three kinds of condition on the traits of capitulum dichasium,the content of buddleoside of the wild tending Ch. indicum was significantly higher than that of 0. 80% required by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia( 2015 edition). Therefore,the artificial supplement and the appropriate artificial management of wild tending is a mode of production to increase the population density of Ch. indicum and obtain high quality and high yield medicinal materials.
To provide theoretical basis for the formation of Chrysanthemum indicum resource and quality,the differences in biology,ecology,yield and quality of Ch. indicum population in the wild tending,the cultivated and the wild were analyzed and compared in this study. The results showed that in the aspect of biology,there was no significant difference between the condition of wild tending and cultivated Ch. indicum at the height of plant,both were significantly higher than wild Ch. indicum. In the aspect of ecology,in the condition of wild tending is less likely to occur water logging than cultivated Ch. indicum. In the condition of wild tending is less likely to occur plant diseases and insect pests than Ch. indicum in the condition of wild. In the aspect of production,the average output of the sample of the condition of wild tending was significantly higher than that the condition of artificial cultivation and wild quadrat. There was no significant difference between the three kinds of condition on the traits of capitulum dichasium,the content of buddleoside of the wild tending Ch. indicum was significantly higher than that of 0. 80% required by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia( 2015 edition). Therefore,the artificial supplement and the appropriate artificial management of wild tending is a mode of production to increase the population density of Ch. indicum and obtain high quality and high yield medicinal materials.
引文
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[17]滕训辉,李杨胜,赵玉臣,等.野生连翘经济林人工抚育技术研究[J].亚太传统医药,2013,9(9):22.
[2] Su J Y,Tan L R,Lai P,et al. Experimental study on anti-in-flammatory activity of a TCM recipe consisting of the supercriticalfluid CO2extract of Chrysanthemum indicum,patchouli oil andzedoary turmeric oil in vivo[J]. J Ethnopharmacol,2012,141(2):608.
[3]任爱农,吴亦伦.野菊花抑菌和抗病毒作用实验研究[J].药物生物技术,1999,6(4):241.
[4]蒋征奎,李晓,罗彬.野菊花挥发油抗炎镇痛作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2015,21(16):124.
[5] Kim J E,Jun S,Song M,et al. The extract of Chrysanthemumindicum Linne inhibits EBV LMP1-induced NF-kappa B activa-tion and the viability of EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid celllines[J]. Food Chem Toxicol,2012,50(5):1524.
[6]郭巧生.药用植物栽培学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2009:154.
[7]陈士林,贾敏如,王瑀,等.川贝母野生抚育之群落生态研究[J].中国中药杂志,2003,28(5):398.
[8]王永明.实行林下栽培野山参开辟种植人参新途径[J].中药研究与信息,2003,5(10):25.
[9]杨福孙,李榕涛,甘炳春,等.野生抚育益智光合特性研究[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(2):123.
[10]段宝忠,黄林芳,尚飞能,等.云南野生抚育粗茎秦艽药材的品质评价[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,19(21):82.
[11]肖小河,乐林.绞股蓝野生抚育技术研究[J].中国中药杂志,1994,19(3):144.
[12]郭巧生.药用植物资源学[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2017:126.
[13]陈士林,郭宝林.中药资源的可持续利用[J].世界科学技术———中医药现代化,2004,6(1):1.
[14]陈士林,魏建和,黄林芳,等.中药材野生抚育的理论与实践探讨[J].中国中药杂志,2004,29(12):1123.
[15]李西文,陈士林.药用植物野生抚育生理生态学研究概论[J].中国中药杂志,2007,32(14):1388.
[16]李晓霞,海江波,赵国锋.山西省潞党参野生抚育技术研究[J].山西中医学院学报,2012,13(4):29.
[17]滕训辉,李杨胜,赵玉臣,等.野生连翘经济林人工抚育技术研究[J].亚太传统医药,2013,9(9):22.