矿震和采空区影响下围岩动力响应模型试验
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摘要
为得到矿震与采空区同时存在时围岩动力响应规律,以进一步得到两者耦合致灾机理,采用模型试验方法,进行带孔圆板冲击试验。得到采空区围岩产生与重力无关的负加速度和呈指数增长的切向加速度的试验结果。根据单组试验结果,得到矿震与采空区的耦合致灾机理,包括加剧覆岩沉陷和冒落、中夹岩柱产生指向震源的加速度、上部地表产生水平剪切加速度等结论。综合试验结果,采空区孔径的尺寸效应和矿震动荷载的放缩效应不会影响上述试验结论。
To find about the dynamic response patterns of surrounding rock in which mine earthquake and mined-out area exist side by side,and obtain the mechanism leading to disasters under the coupled action of the two,we conducted a percussion test on circular plates having holes and established a model for it. The model test shows that negative acceleration is monitored in the surrounding rock,that the negative acceleration is unrelated with the gravity effect,and that tangential acceleration is also monitored. With the increase of the diameter of the hole,the tangential acceleration around the circular plate exponentially increased. According to the results of the experiment,we arrived at the mechanisms leading to disasters under the coupled action of mine earthquake and mined-out area,including the intensified subsidence and caving in overburden of the goaf,the formation of the horizontal acceleration in shared rock pillars of mined-out area pointing to the source location,the formation of the horizontal shear acceleration in the upper part of the surrounding rock where mine earthquake and mined-out area exist side by side. Comprehensive analysis of the test data,size effect of mined-out area and zoom effect of mine vibration load,do not affect the test results.
To find about the dynamic response patterns of surrounding rock in which mine earthquake and mined-out area exist side by side,and obtain the mechanism leading to disasters under the coupled action of the two,we conducted a percussion test on circular plates having holes and established a model for it. The model test shows that negative acceleration is monitored in the surrounding rock,that the negative acceleration is unrelated with the gravity effect,and that tangential acceleration is also monitored. With the increase of the diameter of the hole,the tangential acceleration around the circular plate exponentially increased. According to the results of the experiment,we arrived at the mechanisms leading to disasters under the coupled action of mine earthquake and mined-out area,including the intensified subsidence and caving in overburden of the goaf,the formation of the horizontal acceleration in shared rock pillars of mined-out area pointing to the source location,the formation of the horizontal shear acceleration in the upper part of the surrounding rock where mine earthquake and mined-out area exist side by side. Comprehensive analysis of the test data,size effect of mined-out area and zoom effect of mine vibration load,do not affect the test results.
引文
[1]赵康,赵红宇,贾群燕.岩爆岩石断裂的微观结构形貌分析及岩爆机理[J].爆炸与冲击,2015,35(6):913-918.ZHAO Kang,ZHAO Hongyu,JIA Qunyan.An analysis of rockburst fracture micromorphology and study of its mechanism[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2015,35(6):913-918.
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[11]邵良杉,赵琳琳.爆破振动对民房破坏的鱼骨图---SVM预测模型[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(8):56-61.SHAO Liangshan,ZHAO Linlin.Model for predicting,blasting vibration caused damage to residential house[J].China Safety Science Journal,2014,24(8):56-61.
[12]贾宝新,贾志波,赵培,等.基于高密度台阵的小尺度区域微震定位研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(4):705-712.JIA Baoxin,JIA Zhibo,ZHAO Pei,et al.Microseism location in local scale region based on high-density array[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(4):705-712.
[13]王帅,张向东,贾宝新.多层水平或倾斜介质中的震源定位[J].岩土工程学报,2018,40(6):1011-1020.WANG Shuai,ZHANG Xiangdong,JIA Baoxin.Positioning of seismic sources in multilayered horizontal or inclined media[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018,40(6):1011-1020.
[14]贾宝新,陈扬,潘一山,等.冲击载荷下块系岩体摆型波传播特性的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(11):3071-3076.JIA Baoxin,CHEN Yang,PAN Yishan,et al.Experimental research on propagation characteristics of block-rock mass pendulum-type wave under shock load[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(11):3071-3076.
[15]潘一山,贾宝新,王帅,等.矿震震波传播规律的三维模型及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(11):1810-1814.PAN Yishan,JIA Baoxin,WANG Shuai,et al.Three-dimension of model and its application mines seismic wave propagation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(11):1810-1814.
[16]贾宝新,赵培,姜明,等.非均匀介质条件下矿震震波三维传播模型构建及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(2):364-370.JIA Baoxin,ZHAO Pei,JIANG Ming,et al.Three-dimensional propagation model building in heterogeneous medium of ine earthquake shock wave and its application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(2):364-370.
[17]徐芝纶.弹性力学:上册[M].4版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006:296-297.
[2]赵红亮,周又和.深埋地下洞室断裂型岩爆机理的数值模拟[J].爆炸与冲击,2015,35(3):343-349.ZHAO Hongliang,ZHOU Youhe.Numerical simulation on mechanism of fractured rock burst in deep underground tunnel[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2015,35(3):343-349.
[3]郝春月,郑重.基于爆炸地震波分析3次爆炸事件的主要特征[J].爆炸与冲击,2014,34(6):730-735.HAO Chunyue,ZHENG Chong.Main characteristics for three explosion events based on explosion wave[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2014,34(6):730-735.
[4]费鸿禄,张国辉.多次爆破荷载作用下大荒沟小净距隧道围岩岩体位移响应[J].爆炸与冲击,2013,33(1):91-97.FEI Honglu,ZHANG Guohui.Displacement responses of Dahuanggou surrounding rock with small clearance under blast load[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2013,33(1):91-97.
[5]龚敏,王华,文斌.岩石深孔爆破对邻近煤层的动应力作用[J].爆炸与冲击,2012,32(2):196-202.GONG Min,WANG Hua,WEN Bin.Dynamic stress in adjacent coal seams induced by deep-hole blasting in rock[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2012,32(2):196-202.
[6]费鸿禄,杨卫风,张国辉,等.金属矿山矿柱回采时爆破荷载下采空区的围岩稳定性[J].爆炸与冲击,2013,33(4):344-350.FEI Honglu,YANG Weifeng,ZHANG Guohui,et al.Surrounding rock stability of mined-out area under blast loading in metal mine pillar robbing[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2013,33(4):344-350.
[7]费鸿禄,曾翔宇,杨智广.隧道掘进爆破振动对地表影响的小波包分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2017,37(1):77-83.FEI Honglu,ZENG Xiangyu,YANG Zhiguang.Influence of tunnel excavation blasting vibration on earth's surface based on wavelet packet analysis[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2017,37(1):77-83.
[8]邵良杉,白媛,邱云飞,等.露天采矿爆破振动对民房破坏的LS-SVM预测模型[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(10):1637-1642.SHAO Liangshan,BAI Yuan,QIU Yunfei,et al.LS-SVM analysis model and its application for prediction residential house's damage against blasting vibration from open pit mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(10):1637-1642.
[9]邵良杉,赵琳琳.露天采矿爆破振动对民房破坏的旋转森林预测模型[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(2):58-63.SHAO Liangshan,ZHAO Linlin.Rotation forest analysis model and its application to predicting residential house's damage against blasting vibration of open pit mining[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(2):58-63.
[10]邵良杉,李永利,赵琳琳.露天采矿爆破振动对民房破坏的SVM预测模型[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(9):26-32.SHAO Liangshan,LI Yongli,ZHAO Linlin.SVM model for predicting residential house's damage from blasting vibration of open pit mining[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(9):26-32.
[11]邵良杉,赵琳琳.爆破振动对民房破坏的鱼骨图---SVM预测模型[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(8):56-61.SHAO Liangshan,ZHAO Linlin.Model for predicting,blasting vibration caused damage to residential house[J].China Safety Science Journal,2014,24(8):56-61.
[12]贾宝新,贾志波,赵培,等.基于高密度台阵的小尺度区域微震定位研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(4):705-712.JIA Baoxin,JIA Zhibo,ZHAO Pei,et al.Microseism location in local scale region based on high-density array[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(4):705-712.
[13]王帅,张向东,贾宝新.多层水平或倾斜介质中的震源定位[J].岩土工程学报,2018,40(6):1011-1020.WANG Shuai,ZHANG Xiangdong,JIA Baoxin.Positioning of seismic sources in multilayered horizontal or inclined media[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018,40(6):1011-1020.
[14]贾宝新,陈扬,潘一山,等.冲击载荷下块系岩体摆型波传播特性的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(11):3071-3076.JIA Baoxin,CHEN Yang,PAN Yishan,et al.Experimental research on propagation characteristics of block-rock mass pendulum-type wave under shock load[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(11):3071-3076.
[15]潘一山,贾宝新,王帅,等.矿震震波传播规律的三维模型及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(11):1810-1814.PAN Yishan,JIA Baoxin,WANG Shuai,et al.Three-dimension of model and its application mines seismic wave propagation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(11):1810-1814.
[16]贾宝新,赵培,姜明,等.非均匀介质条件下矿震震波三维传播模型构建及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(2):364-370.JIA Baoxin,ZHAO Pei,JIANG Ming,et al.Three-dimensional propagation model building in heterogeneous medium of ine earthquake shock wave and its application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(2):364-370.
[17]徐芝纶.弹性力学:上册[M].4版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006:296-297.