地震数据低频信号保护与拓频方法研究
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摘要
地震数据低频信号在地震勘探中有重要意义,低频信号能够提高分辨率与成像精度、改善反演质量,甚至用于油气检测,需对其进行有效保护与拓展.本文从地震数据中已存在低频的保护和缺失低频的拓展两方面出发,提出了基于图像特征转换的SVD自适应面波减去方法和基于压缩感知理论的低频拓展方法.经理论分析及实际资料验证,基于图像特征转换的SVD自适应面波减去方法能在降低对数据中低频信号损伤情况下有效压制面波,实现对有效低频信号的保护;基于压缩感知理论的低频拓展方法能够对损失掉的低频信号进行有效拓展,提高地震数据品质.在地震资料处理过程中应用低频信号的保护与拓展方法,能够为后续的全波形反演、叠前反演及精细解释工作提供包含丰富低频信号的数据体.
Seismic low frequencies are of great significance in seismic exploration. It can improve resolution and accuracy, improve inversion quality, and even be used for oil and gas detection. Thus, the low-frequency signal needs to be protected and extended effectively. It starts from two aspects including the protection of low-frequency components existed in the seismic data and the extension of the low-frequency components. We propose an Singular Value Decomposition(SVD) adaptive surface wave subtraction method based on image feature conversion and an extension method based on compressed sensing theory. Through applying the methods on field data, the SVD adaptive surface wave subtraction method based on image feature conversion not only eliminates the surface wave effectively, but also protects the low-frequency information of seismic data. The extension method based on Compressed sensing theory extends the low-frequency information missed in the seismic acquisition. The application of low-frequency signal protection and extension method in seismic data processing can provide data volume with rich low-frequency information for the full wave inversion, pre-stack inversion and detailed interpretation work.
Seismic low frequencies are of great significance in seismic exploration. It can improve resolution and accuracy, improve inversion quality, and even be used for oil and gas detection. Thus, the low-frequency signal needs to be protected and extended effectively. It starts from two aspects including the protection of low-frequency components existed in the seismic data and the extension of the low-frequency components. We propose an Singular Value Decomposition(SVD) adaptive surface wave subtraction method based on image feature conversion and an extension method based on compressed sensing theory. Through applying the methods on field data, the SVD adaptive surface wave subtraction method based on image feature conversion not only eliminates the surface wave effectively, but also protects the low-frequency information of seismic data. The extension method based on Compressed sensing theory extends the low-frequency information missed in the seismic acquisition. The application of low-frequency signal protection and extension method in seismic data processing can provide data volume with rich low-frequency information for the full wave inversion, pre-stack inversion and detailed interpretation work.
引文
Baeten G,de Maag J W,Plessix R E,et al.2013.The use of low frequencies in a full-waveform inversion and impedance inversion land seismic case study[J].Geophysical Prospecting,61(4):701-711.
Beck A,Teboulle M.2009.A fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm for linear inverse problems [J].SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences,2(1):183-202.
Claerbout J F.1975.Slant-stacks and radial traces [R].Stanford Exploration Project Report,1-12.
Claerbout J F.1983.Ground Roll and Radial Trace [R].Stanford Exploration Project Report,43-54.
Castagna J P,Sun S,Siegfried R W.2003.Instantaneous spectral analysis:Detection of low-frequency shadows associated with hydrocarbons [J].The Leading Edge,22(2):120-127.
Candès E J,Romberg J K,Tao T.2006a.Stable signal recovery from incomplete and inaccurate measurements [J].Communications on pure and applied mathematics,59(8):1207-1223.
Candès E J,Romberg J K,Tao T.2006b.Robust uncertainty principles:Exact signal reconstruction from highly incomplete frequency information [J].IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,52(2):489-509.
Chen X H,He Z H,Zhu S X,et al.2012.Seismic low-frequency-based calculation of reservoir fluid mobility and its applications [J].Applied Geophysics,9(3):326-332.
de Meersman K,Kendall R.2005.A complex SVD-polarization filter for ground roll attenuation on multi-component data:67th Conference and Exhibition,EAGE,Extended Abstracts,B019.
Donoho D L.2006.Compressed sensing [J].IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,52(4):1289-1306.
Guan Zhenqing,Guo Shuxiang,Shan Lianyu.2009.Using low-frequency information to improve quality of seismic imaging [J].FAULT-BLOCK OIL & GAS FIELD (in Chinese),16(1):39- 41.
Han L G,Zhang Y,Han L,et al.2012.Compressed sensing and sparse inversion based low-frequency information compensation of seismic data [J].Journal of JiLin University (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),42(S3):259-264.
Henley D C.1999.The radial trace transform:an effective domain for coherent noise attenuation and wavefield separation [C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1204-1207.
Henley D C.2003.Coherent Noise Attenuation in the Radial Trace Domain [J].Geophysics,68(4):1408-1416.
He Zhenhua,Xiong Xiaojun,Bian Lien.2008.Numerical simulation of seismic low-frequency shadows and its application [J].Applied Geophysics,5(4):301-306,doi:10.1007/s11770- 008- 0040- 4.
Kelly S,Ramos-Martínez J,Tsimelzon B.2009.The effect of improved,low-frequency bandwidth in full waveform inversion for velocity [C]//Expanded Abstracts of SEG International Meeting,3974-3977.
Kroode Fons ten,Bergler Steffen,Corsten Cees,et al.2013.Broadband seismic data-The importance of low frequencies [J].GEOPHYSICS.78(2):WA3-WA14.
LIANG Hong-xian.2017.Energy replacement surface wave suppression technique based on frequency constraint [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),32(3):1169-1173,doi:10.6038/pg20170329.
SHU Guoxu,LV Gonghe,LV Yao,et al.2018.Seismic data reconstruction based on compressive sensing [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese),57(4):549-554,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2018.04.008.
Wang Wan-Li,Yang Wu-Yang,Wei Xin-Jian,et al.2017.Ground roll wave suppression based on wavelet frequency division and radial trace transform [J].APPLIED GEOPHYSICS,14(1):96-104,doi:10.1007/s11770- 017- 0595-z.
XU Yang,LUO Mingzhang,WANG Zhi,et al.2018.Surface wave suppression using generalized S-transform and 2D discrete wavelet transform [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese),57(3):395- 403,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2018.03.009.
Ziolkowski A,Hanssen P,Gatliff R,et al.2003.Use of low frequencies for sub-basalt imaging[J].Geophysical Prospecting,51(3):169-182.
Zhang Jun-hua,Zhang Bin-bin,Zhang Zai-jin,et al.2015.Low-frequency data analysis and expansion.APPLIED GEOPHYSICS,12(2):212-220,doi:10.1007/s11770- 015- 0484-2.
Zhang Junhua,Zhang Zaijin,Zhang Binbin,et al.2016.Low frequency signal influences on key seismic data processing procedures [J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese),51(1):54- 62,doi:10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.2016.01.008.
管振清,郭树祥,单联瑜.2009.利用低频信息改善地震成像质量[J].断块油气田,16(1):39- 41.
韩立国,张莹,韩利,等.2012.基于压缩感知和稀疏反演的地震数据低频补偿[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,42(S3):259-264.
梁鸿贤.2017.基于频率约束的能量置换面波压制技术[J].地球物理学进展,32(3):1169-1173,doi:10.6038/pg20170329.
舒国旭,吕公河,吕尧,等.2018.基于压缩感知的地震数据重建[J].石油物探,57(4):549-554,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2018.04.008.
徐阳,罗明璋,王智,等.2018.广义S变换与二维离散小波变换联合压制面波[J].石油物探,57(3):395- 403,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2018.03.009.
张军华,张在金,张彬彬,等.2016.地震低频信号对关键处理环节的影响[J].石油地球物理勘探,51(1):54- 62,doi:10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.2016.01.008.
Beck A,Teboulle M.2009.A fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm for linear inverse problems [J].SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences,2(1):183-202.
Claerbout J F.1975.Slant-stacks and radial traces [R].Stanford Exploration Project Report,1-12.
Claerbout J F.1983.Ground Roll and Radial Trace [R].Stanford Exploration Project Report,43-54.
Castagna J P,Sun S,Siegfried R W.2003.Instantaneous spectral analysis:Detection of low-frequency shadows associated with hydrocarbons [J].The Leading Edge,22(2):120-127.
Candès E J,Romberg J K,Tao T.2006a.Stable signal recovery from incomplete and inaccurate measurements [J].Communications on pure and applied mathematics,59(8):1207-1223.
Candès E J,Romberg J K,Tao T.2006b.Robust uncertainty principles:Exact signal reconstruction from highly incomplete frequency information [J].IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,52(2):489-509.
Chen X H,He Z H,Zhu S X,et al.2012.Seismic low-frequency-based calculation of reservoir fluid mobility and its applications [J].Applied Geophysics,9(3):326-332.
de Meersman K,Kendall R.2005.A complex SVD-polarization filter for ground roll attenuation on multi-component data:67th Conference and Exhibition,EAGE,Extended Abstracts,B019.
Donoho D L.2006.Compressed sensing [J].IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,52(4):1289-1306.
Guan Zhenqing,Guo Shuxiang,Shan Lianyu.2009.Using low-frequency information to improve quality of seismic imaging [J].FAULT-BLOCK OIL & GAS FIELD (in Chinese),16(1):39- 41.
Han L G,Zhang Y,Han L,et al.2012.Compressed sensing and sparse inversion based low-frequency information compensation of seismic data [J].Journal of JiLin University (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),42(S3):259-264.
Henley D C.1999.The radial trace transform:an effective domain for coherent noise attenuation and wavefield separation [C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1204-1207.
Henley D C.2003.Coherent Noise Attenuation in the Radial Trace Domain [J].Geophysics,68(4):1408-1416.
He Zhenhua,Xiong Xiaojun,Bian Lien.2008.Numerical simulation of seismic low-frequency shadows and its application [J].Applied Geophysics,5(4):301-306,doi:10.1007/s11770- 008- 0040- 4.
Kelly S,Ramos-Martínez J,Tsimelzon B.2009.The effect of improved,low-frequency bandwidth in full waveform inversion for velocity [C]//Expanded Abstracts of SEG International Meeting,3974-3977.
Kroode Fons ten,Bergler Steffen,Corsten Cees,et al.2013.Broadband seismic data-The importance of low frequencies [J].GEOPHYSICS.78(2):WA3-WA14.
LIANG Hong-xian.2017.Energy replacement surface wave suppression technique based on frequency constraint [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),32(3):1169-1173,doi:10.6038/pg20170329.
SHU Guoxu,LV Gonghe,LV Yao,et al.2018.Seismic data reconstruction based on compressive sensing [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese),57(4):549-554,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2018.04.008.
Wang Wan-Li,Yang Wu-Yang,Wei Xin-Jian,et al.2017.Ground roll wave suppression based on wavelet frequency division and radial trace transform [J].APPLIED GEOPHYSICS,14(1):96-104,doi:10.1007/s11770- 017- 0595-z.
XU Yang,LUO Mingzhang,WANG Zhi,et al.2018.Surface wave suppression using generalized S-transform and 2D discrete wavelet transform [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese),57(3):395- 403,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2018.03.009.
Ziolkowski A,Hanssen P,Gatliff R,et al.2003.Use of low frequencies for sub-basalt imaging[J].Geophysical Prospecting,51(3):169-182.
Zhang Jun-hua,Zhang Bin-bin,Zhang Zai-jin,et al.2015.Low-frequency data analysis and expansion.APPLIED GEOPHYSICS,12(2):212-220,doi:10.1007/s11770- 015- 0484-2.
Zhang Junhua,Zhang Zaijin,Zhang Binbin,et al.2016.Low frequency signal influences on key seismic data processing procedures [J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese),51(1):54- 62,doi:10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.2016.01.008.
管振清,郭树祥,单联瑜.2009.利用低频信息改善地震成像质量[J].断块油气田,16(1):39- 41.
韩立国,张莹,韩利,等.2012.基于压缩感知和稀疏反演的地震数据低频补偿[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,42(S3):259-264.
梁鸿贤.2017.基于频率约束的能量置换面波压制技术[J].地球物理学进展,32(3):1169-1173,doi:10.6038/pg20170329.
舒国旭,吕公河,吕尧,等.2018.基于压缩感知的地震数据重建[J].石油物探,57(4):549-554,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2018.04.008.
徐阳,罗明璋,王智,等.2018.广义S变换与二维离散小波变换联合压制面波[J].石油物探,57(3):395- 403,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2018.03.009.
张军华,张在金,张彬彬,等.2016.地震低频信号对关键处理环节的影响[J].石油地球物理勘探,51(1):54- 62,doi:10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.2016.01.008.