11年生云南松人工林的林木器官生物量及含水率分布规律分析
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摘要
在宜良禄丰村林场尖山林区,以11年生1m×2m×5m非均匀密度造林的云南松人工林为对象,调查其胸径、树高等生长指标,测定林木各器官和圆盘生物量,探讨其林分结构、林木器官生物量和含水量分布规律。结果表明,11年生云南松人工林林分平均胸径为9.9cm,8cm、10cm和12cm径阶的林木占总株数的82.1%,不同径阶株数频率及其胸高断面积比呈正态分布,各径阶平均单株胸高断面积两两间呈现极显著的差异(P<0.01)。树干、侧枝、针叶和球果的生物量分别占全株的62.8%、22.8%、14.1%和0.2%,树干、侧枝和针叶的含水率相近,约达生物量鲜重的60%。树干从地径至梢头,每2m区分段的生物量两两间随树高增高呈现极显著的降低(P<0.01),其断面高的含水量随树干增高逐渐增大。11年生云南松人工林的林木进入速生期,尖削度较大,应开展修枝等抚育。
For analyzing the stand structure(SS),organ biomass(OB)and moisture content distributions(WCDs)of Pinus yunnanensis stand trees,the biomass of organs and analytic discs were measured through investigating relevant indicators such as the diameter at breast height(DBH),tree height(TH),etc in Jianshan of Lufengcun Forestry Farm,Yiliang County,by selecting Pinus yunnanensis plantation which were reforested with uneven row spacing of the 1 m×2 m×5 m stand as the sampling plot.The results showed that the mean DBH of the stand was 9.9 cm,and the proportion of 8 cm,10 cm and 12 cm DBH class accounted for 82.1% of the total stand trees.The frequency of different DBH classes and their proportions of basal area showed normal distribution,and the mean basal area of different DBH classes showed significant difference between each others(P<0.01).The biomass of trunk,collateral branch,conifer and cone accounted for 62.8%,22.8%,14.1% and 0.2% of the whole tree,respectively.The water content of trunk,collateral branch and conifer was similar with constituting about 60% of the fresh biomass.The biomass of the trunk from basal diameter to tree shoot between every 2 m was decreased significantly(P<0.01)with the increase of tree height.Stand trees entered a fast growing period with a large degree of the taper for an 11-year-old P.yunnanensis plantation.Therefore,the plantation should be carried out pruning and other tending operations.
For analyzing the stand structure(SS),organ biomass(OB)and moisture content distributions(WCDs)of Pinus yunnanensis stand trees,the biomass of organs and analytic discs were measured through investigating relevant indicators such as the diameter at breast height(DBH),tree height(TH),etc in Jianshan of Lufengcun Forestry Farm,Yiliang County,by selecting Pinus yunnanensis plantation which were reforested with uneven row spacing of the 1 m×2 m×5 m stand as the sampling plot.The results showed that the mean DBH of the stand was 9.9 cm,and the proportion of 8 cm,10 cm and 12 cm DBH class accounted for 82.1% of the total stand trees.The frequency of different DBH classes and their proportions of basal area showed normal distribution,and the mean basal area of different DBH classes showed significant difference between each others(P<0.01).The biomass of trunk,collateral branch,conifer and cone accounted for 62.8%,22.8%,14.1% and 0.2% of the whole tree,respectively.The water content of trunk,collateral branch and conifer was similar with constituting about 60% of the fresh biomass.The biomass of the trunk from basal diameter to tree shoot between every 2 m was decreased significantly(P<0.01)with the increase of tree height.Stand trees entered a fast growing period with a large degree of the taper for an 11-year-old P.yunnanensis plantation.Therefore,the plantation should be carried out pruning and other tending operations.
引文
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[23]李莲芳,李卫冲,郑树宏,等.滇中云南松低质低效人工林疏伐的密度及生长动态研究[J].西南林业大学学报,2014,34(5):1-7.
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[26]汪亚愈,李莲芳,欧亚,等.禄丰村林场云南松人工幼林的林分结构分析[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(1):159-163.
[27]范高华,崔桢,张金伟,等.密度对尖头叶藜生物量分配格局及异速生长的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(15):5080-5090.
[28]姚迎九,康文星,田大伦.18年生樟树人工林生物量的结构与分布[J].中南林学院学报,2003,23(1):1-5.
[29]曾国容,叶水西.巨尾桉去皮主干含水率分布规律的探讨[J].福建林业科技,1998,25(4):33-35.
[30]李玉秀,雷亚芳.桑树幼树条、杜仲条和柳条木材化学成分及其在树干上的变异研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016,44(5):127-132.
[2]黄典忠.闽江下游福建青冈次生林群落的生物量特征[J].防护林科技,2006(1):16-18.
[3]张轶中.杉木生材含水率变异规律初探[J].西南林学院学报,1987(2):61-65.
[4]梁建萍,张变香,杨慧斌,等.油松人工林林木生物量的研究[J].山西农业大学学报,2000,20(4):339-341.
[5]沈作奎,鲁胜平,艾训儒.日本落叶松人工林生物量及生产力的研究[J].湖北民族学院学报(自然科学版),2005,23(3):289-232.
[6]马增旺,毕君,孟祥书,等.人工侧柏林单株生物量的研究[J].河北林业科技,2006(3):1-3.
[7]马松涛,刘广全,李文华,等.不同立地类型火炬树人工林生物量初步研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2003,31(6):36-38.
[8]孙宝刚,陈飞,王健敏,等.不同径级云南松各部位生物量及其分布规律[J].林业科学研究,2012,48(1):71-76.
[9]薛杨,王小燕,宿少锋,等.不同径阶木麻黄含水率和生物量的研究[J].热带农业科学,2017(12):87-91.
[10]孟宪学.测树学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1996:66-80.
[11]沈国舫.森林培育学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2001.
[12]李杨涛,李莲芳,杨文君,等.修枝对云南松林分结构及生长影响的分析[J].西南林业大学学报,2018,38(3):44-50.
[13]陈振雄,贺东北.南方马尾松含水率特征及其模型研建[J].中南林业调查规划,2011,30(2):56-60.
[14]陈昌雄,余坤勇,曹祖宁,等.小叶青冈天然林树干含水率的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2010,30(12):39-41,46.
[15]张万儒.中国主要造林树种土壤条件[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1997:212.
[16]魏巍,许玉兰,李根前,等.一年生云南松苗期生长动态规律研究[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(1):75-80.
[17]戴开结,何方,沈有信,等.云南松研究综述[J]﹒中南林学院学报,2006,26(2):138-142﹒
[18]中国科学院,西部地区南水北调综合考察队,林业土壤研究所.川西滇北地区的森林[M].北京:科学出版社,1966.
[19]曾德贤,朱仁刚,刘永平.白马河林场云南松天然林改建母树林效果初析[J].云南林业科技,1998,3(1):23-26.
[20]云南森林编写委员会.云南森林[M].昆明:云南科技出版社,1986.
[21]中国森林编辑委员会.中国森林(第2卷):针叶林[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1999.
[22]彭超,李莲芳,王慷林,等.宜良禄丰村林场云南松天然更新分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2012,32(11):42-46.
[23]李莲芳,李卫冲,郑树宏,等.滇中云南松低质低效人工林疏伐的密度及生长动态研究[J].西南林业大学学报,2014,34(5):1-7.
[24]韩汉鹏.试验设计引论[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006:93-98.
[25]戎建涛,雷相东,陆元昌,等.北京十三陵林场侧柏人工林林分结构的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(2):989-994.
[26]汪亚愈,李莲芳,欧亚,等.禄丰村林场云南松人工幼林的林分结构分析[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(1):159-163.
[27]范高华,崔桢,张金伟,等.密度对尖头叶藜生物量分配格局及异速生长的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(15):5080-5090.
[28]姚迎九,康文星,田大伦.18年生樟树人工林生物量的结构与分布[J].中南林学院学报,2003,23(1):1-5.
[29]曾国容,叶水西.巨尾桉去皮主干含水率分布规律的探讨[J].福建林业科技,1998,25(4):33-35.
[30]李玉秀,雷亚芳.桑树幼树条、杜仲条和柳条木材化学成分及其在树干上的变异研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016,44(5):127-132.