县域资源环境承载力评价研究——以湖北省团风县为例
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摘要
[目的]资源环境承载力是区域发展与管理的重要依据。[方法]该研究运用"木桶原理",构建了基于土地资源、水资源、水环境、大气环境等资源环境子系统的区域环境承载力评价体系,并以湖北省团风县为例进行定量测算。[结果](1)团风县整体呈"可载"状态,土地资源是团风县资源环境承载力的最大限制性因素。各子系统承载力呈大气环境承载力>水环境承载力>水资源承载力>土地资源承载力的规律。土地资源承载力最低为67. 73万人,大气环境承载力最高为871. 68万人。局部地区(马曹庙镇、贾庙乡)呈大气环境承载力>水环境承载力>土地资源承载力>水资源承载力的格局;(2)在承载力绝对量上,团风镇等西南部地区承载力高于其他地区,从地均承载力来看,上巴河镇最高,贾庙乡最低;从承载力指数来看,各镇(乡)承载力指数介于1. 48～2. 35,杜皮乡、贾庙乡最高,团风镇最低,尽管团风镇承载力最大但其"剩余空间"也最有限。[结论]所构建的县域资源环境承载力评价方法可为当前空间规划、主体功能区划等战略实施提供有效借鉴,评价结果对区域远期发展具有重要的指导意义。
Carrying capacity of resources and environment is an important basis for regional management and development. By using " barrel theory",this study constructed a carrying capacity evaluation system based on land resources,water resources,water environment and atmospheric environment. Taking Tuanfeng county as the research area,it quantified the carrying capacity of resources and environment. The results showed that the resources and environment of Tuanfeng was " available" and land resources was the most restrictive factor. The carrying capacity of Tuanfeng county ranked as atmospheric environmental capacity > water environmental capacity > water resources carrying capacity > land resources carrying capacity. The minimum carrying capacity was 677 300,and the maximum was 8. 7168 million. While,in some other areas like Jia Miao village and Ma Caomiao town,the carrying capacity ranked as atmospheric environmental capacity > water environmental capacity > land resources carrying capacity > water resources carrying capacity. As for the total amount of carrying capacity,the southwest area of Tuanfeng was higher than the other regions. From the perspective of per capita carrying capacity,Shang Bahe town was the highest,and Jia Miao village was the lowest. Analyzed from the carrying capacity index,each town was between 1. 48 and 2. 35,besides,the highest was in Du Pi village and Jia Miao village,and lowest in Tuanfeng. Although the carrying capacity in Tuanfeng county was largest,its development also born the biggest restriction. The evaluation method of carrying capacity for county resources and environment proposed in this study could provide an effective reference for the implementation of current strategies,such as space planning and the division of principal function areas. In general,the evaluation results is greatly instructive for long-term regional development.
Carrying capacity of resources and environment is an important basis for regional management and development. By using " barrel theory",this study constructed a carrying capacity evaluation system based on land resources,water resources,water environment and atmospheric environment. Taking Tuanfeng county as the research area,it quantified the carrying capacity of resources and environment. The results showed that the resources and environment of Tuanfeng was " available" and land resources was the most restrictive factor. The carrying capacity of Tuanfeng county ranked as atmospheric environmental capacity > water environmental capacity > water resources carrying capacity > land resources carrying capacity. The minimum carrying capacity was 677 300,and the maximum was 8. 7168 million. While,in some other areas like Jia Miao village and Ma Caomiao town,the carrying capacity ranked as atmospheric environmental capacity > water environmental capacity > land resources carrying capacity > water resources carrying capacity. As for the total amount of carrying capacity,the southwest area of Tuanfeng was higher than the other regions. From the perspective of per capita carrying capacity,Shang Bahe town was the highest,and Jia Miao village was the lowest. Analyzed from the carrying capacity index,each town was between 1. 48 and 2. 35,besides,the highest was in Du Pi village and Jia Miao village,and lowest in Tuanfeng. Although the carrying capacity in Tuanfeng county was largest,its development also born the biggest restriction. The evaluation method of carrying capacity for county resources and environment proposed in this study could provide an effective reference for the implementation of current strategies,such as space planning and the division of principal function areas. In general,the evaluation results is greatly instructive for long-term regional development.
引文
[1]邓伟.山区资源环境承载力研究现状与关键问题.地理研究,2010,29(6):959-969.
[2]封志明.百年来的资源环境承载力研究:从理论到实践.资源科学,2017,39(3):379-395.
[3]刘文政,朱瑾.资源环境承载力研究进展:基于地理学综合研究的视角.中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(6):75-86.
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[8]惠泱河,蒋晓辉,黄强,等.水资源承载力评价指标体系研究.水土保持通报,2001,21(1):30-34.
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[10]杨丽花,佟连军.基于BP神经网络模型的松花江流域(吉林省段)水环境承载力研究.干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(9):135-140.
[11]崔兴齐,孙文超,鱼京善,等.河南省近十年水环境承载力动态变化研究.中国人口·资源与环境,2013,v.23;No.159(s2):359-362.
[12]姜大川,肖伟华,范晨媛,等.武汉城市圈水资源及水环境承载力分析.长江流域资源与环境,2016,25(5):761-768.
[13]郑健,关宁,杨成梅,等.干旱区绿洲城市大气环境承载力分析及预测---以乌鲁木齐市为例.西北师范大学学报,2015(6):110-114.
[14]卢亚灵,刘年磊,程曦,等.京津冀区域大气环境承载力监测预警研究.中国人口·资源与环境,2017(s1):6-40.
[15]熊建新,陈端吕,谢雪梅.基于状态空间法的洞庭湖区生态承载力综合评价研究.经济地理,2012,32(11):138-142.
[16]毛汉英,余丹林.区域承载力定量研究方法探讨.地球科学进展,2001,16(4):549-555.
[17]宋艳春,余敦.鄱阳湖生态经济区资源环境综合承载力评价.应用生态学报,2014,25(10):2975-2984.
[18]徐中民,张志强,程国栋,等.中国1999年生态足迹计算与发展能力分析.应用生态学报,2003(2):280-285.
[19]周杨慧,朱红梅,张玉平,等.区域土地综合承载力个案分析:以长沙市为例---基于系统动力学视角.湖南农业大学学报:社会科学版,2011,12(3):23-28.
[20]张燕,徐建华,曾刚,等.中国区域发展潜力与资源环境承载力的空间关系分析.资源科学,2009,31(8):1328-1334.
[21]孙茜,张捍卫,张小虎.河南省资源环境承载力测度及障碍因素诊断.干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(7):33-38.
[22]黄敬军,姜素,张丽,等.城市规划区资源环境承载力评价指标体系构建---以徐州市为例.中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25;No.183(s2):204-208.
[23]封志明,杨艳昭,张晶.中国基于人粮关系的土地资源承载力研究:从分县到全国.自然资源学报,2008,23(5):865-875.
[24]赵敏丽,刘普幸,朱小娟,等.基于人粮关系的土地资源承载力空间格局研究---以河西走廊绿洲为例.干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(2):203-208.
[25]童玉芬.北京市水资源人口承载力的动态模拟与分析.中国人口·资源与环境,2010,20(9):42-47.
[26]文扬,周楷,蒋姝睿,等.露水流域水环境与水资源承载力研究.干旱区资源与环境,2018,32(3):126-132.
[27]尤鑫.黔南州水资源承载力研究.中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(6):29-36.
[28]周洪,谷树忠,姚予龙.区域资源承载力的测算与规制---以贵州省毕节市为例.中国农业资源与区划,2013,34(1):58-64.
[29]崔凤军.城市水环境承载力及其实证研究.自然资源学报,1998,13(1):58-62.
[2]封志明.百年来的资源环境承载力研究:从理论到实践.资源科学,2017,39(3):379-395.
[3]刘文政,朱瑾.资源环境承载力研究进展:基于地理学综合研究的视角.中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(6):75-86.
[4]Higgins G M,Kassam A H,Naiken L,et al.Potential Population Supporting Capacities of Lands in the Developing World.Rome:Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,1982.
[5]Higgins G M,Kassam A H.The FAO agro-ecological zone approach to determination of land potential.Pedologie,1981,31(2):147-168.
[6]UNESCO,FAO.Carrying Capacity Assessment with a Pilot Study of Kenya:Population-Resources-Environment-Development:A Resource Accounting Methodology for Exploring National Options for Sustainable Development.Rome:Isric Library,1985.
[7]李焕,黄贤金,金雨泽,等.长江经济带水资源人口承载力研究.经济地理,2017,37(1):181-186.
[8]惠泱河,蒋晓辉,黄强,等.水资源承载力评价指标体系研究.水土保持通报,2001,21(1):30-34.
[9]朱一中,夏军,谈戈.西北地区水资源承载力分析预测与评价.资源科学,2003,25(4):43-48.
[10]杨丽花,佟连军.基于BP神经网络模型的松花江流域(吉林省段)水环境承载力研究.干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(9):135-140.
[11]崔兴齐,孙文超,鱼京善,等.河南省近十年水环境承载力动态变化研究.中国人口·资源与环境,2013,v.23;No.159(s2):359-362.
[12]姜大川,肖伟华,范晨媛,等.武汉城市圈水资源及水环境承载力分析.长江流域资源与环境,2016,25(5):761-768.
[13]郑健,关宁,杨成梅,等.干旱区绿洲城市大气环境承载力分析及预测---以乌鲁木齐市为例.西北师范大学学报,2015(6):110-114.
[14]卢亚灵,刘年磊,程曦,等.京津冀区域大气环境承载力监测预警研究.中国人口·资源与环境,2017(s1):6-40.
[15]熊建新,陈端吕,谢雪梅.基于状态空间法的洞庭湖区生态承载力综合评价研究.经济地理,2012,32(11):138-142.
[16]毛汉英,余丹林.区域承载力定量研究方法探讨.地球科学进展,2001,16(4):549-555.
[17]宋艳春,余敦.鄱阳湖生态经济区资源环境综合承载力评价.应用生态学报,2014,25(10):2975-2984.
[18]徐中民,张志强,程国栋,等.中国1999年生态足迹计算与发展能力分析.应用生态学报,2003(2):280-285.
[19]周杨慧,朱红梅,张玉平,等.区域土地综合承载力个案分析:以长沙市为例---基于系统动力学视角.湖南农业大学学报:社会科学版,2011,12(3):23-28.
[20]张燕,徐建华,曾刚,等.中国区域发展潜力与资源环境承载力的空间关系分析.资源科学,2009,31(8):1328-1334.
[21]孙茜,张捍卫,张小虎.河南省资源环境承载力测度及障碍因素诊断.干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(7):33-38.
[22]黄敬军,姜素,张丽,等.城市规划区资源环境承载力评价指标体系构建---以徐州市为例.中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25;No.183(s2):204-208.
[23]封志明,杨艳昭,张晶.中国基于人粮关系的土地资源承载力研究:从分县到全国.自然资源学报,2008,23(5):865-875.
[24]赵敏丽,刘普幸,朱小娟,等.基于人粮关系的土地资源承载力空间格局研究---以河西走廊绿洲为例.干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(2):203-208.
[25]童玉芬.北京市水资源人口承载力的动态模拟与分析.中国人口·资源与环境,2010,20(9):42-47.
[26]文扬,周楷,蒋姝睿,等.露水流域水环境与水资源承载力研究.干旱区资源与环境,2018,32(3):126-132.
[27]尤鑫.黔南州水资源承载力研究.中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(6):29-36.
[28]周洪,谷树忠,姚予龙.区域资源承载力的测算与规制---以贵州省毕节市为例.中国农业资源与区划,2013,34(1):58-64.
[29]崔凤军.城市水环境承载力及其实证研究.自然资源学报,1998,13(1):58-62.