湿式铜基摩擦副局部接触对摩擦因数的影响
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摘要
考虑金属的热衰退特性及温度、压力和摩滑速度对混合润滑油膜的影响,建立了湿式铜基摩擦副局部接触摩擦因数计算模型,研究了摩滑过程中湿式铜基摩擦副局部接触状态下摩擦因数的变化规律,并通过销-盘摩擦因数测量实验对摩擦因数计算模型进行了验证.研究结果表明:摩擦元件屈曲变形导致摩擦元件间摩擦状态发生变化,在局部接触条件下,接触区摩擦状态随温度升高可分为油膜主导阶段、微凸峰主导阶段、摩擦因数上升阶段和热衰退阶段4个阶段.其中,油膜主导阶段会随摩滑速度的减小而消失.干摩擦状态下,摩滑速度对摩擦因数影响较小.在混合润滑状态下,摩擦因数随摩滑速度增加而下降,且温度越小摩擦因数衰减越显著.局部接触区平均面压较小时,压力对摩擦因数影响较小,当压力超过100 MPa时,接触面压力开始对混合润滑中的油膜主导阶段产生影响,此时摩擦因数随压力升高而增大.
A friction coefficient calculation model was established for heavy pressure local contact of wet Cu-based friction pairs to study the influence of heat fade, temperature, sliding speed and contact pressure on the mixture lubrication oil film and the change rule of friction coefficient. The model was validated by the friction coefficient measuring experiments of pin-plate. The results show that, under the condition of local high pressure the variation of friction coefficient with temperature can be divided into four stages, oil film leading stage of mixed lubrication, asperity domination stage of mixed lubrication, dry friction stage and heat fade stage. Furthermore, the oil film leading stage will be vanished when the sliding speed is low. Under the dry friction condition, sliding speed has little influence on friction coefficient. However, under the mixed lubrication condition, the friction coefficient decreases with the increase of sliding velocity. When the local pressure is not very heavy, the influence on friction coefficient is very little. While the local contact pressure exceeds 100 MPa, pressure begins to affect the friction coefficient.
A friction coefficient calculation model was established for heavy pressure local contact of wet Cu-based friction pairs to study the influence of heat fade, temperature, sliding speed and contact pressure on the mixture lubrication oil film and the change rule of friction coefficient. The model was validated by the friction coefficient measuring experiments of pin-plate. The results show that, under the condition of local high pressure the variation of friction coefficient with temperature can be divided into four stages, oil film leading stage of mixed lubrication, asperity domination stage of mixed lubrication, dry friction stage and heat fade stage. Furthermore, the oil film leading stage will be vanished when the sliding speed is low. Under the dry friction condition, sliding speed has little influence on friction coefficient. However, under the mixed lubrication condition, the friction coefficient decreases with the increase of sliding velocity. When the local pressure is not very heavy, the influence on friction coefficient is very little. While the local contact pressure exceeds 100 MPa, pressure begins to affect the friction coefficient.
引文
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[4] 赵二辉,马彪,李和言,等.孔隙度对湿式离合器局部润滑及摩擦特性影响研究 [J].摩擦学学报,2017(3):325-332.Zhao Erhui,Ma Biao,Li Heyan,et al.Influence of porosity on local lubrication and friction characteristics of wet clutch [J].Tribology,2017(3):325-332.(in Chinese)
[5] Xiong C,Ma B,Li H.Experimental study and thermal analysis on the buckling of friction components in multi-disc clutch [J].Journal of Thermal Stresses,2015,38:1325-1345.
[6] 李明阳,马彪,李和言,等.多片离合器摩擦对偶片屈曲变形的分析与验证[J].汽车工程,2017,39(7):775-781.Li Mingyang,Ma Biao,Li Heyan,et al.Analysis and verification on friction discs buckling in multi-disc clutches [J].Automotive Engineering,2017,39(7):775-781.(in Chinese)
[7] 李和言,王宇森,熊涔博,等.离合器配对摩擦副径向温度梯度对接触比压的影响 [J].机械工程学报,2018,54(1):136-143.Li Heyan,Wang Yushen,Xiong Cenbo,et al.Effect of radial temperature gradient on interface pressure of clutch friction pair [J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2018,54(1):136-143.(in Chinese)
[8] Zhao E,Ma B,Li H.The tribological characteristics of Cu-based friction pairs in a wet multi-disc clutch under non-uniform contact [J].Journal of Tribology,DOI:10.1115/1.4036720,2017.