支承压力区煤体裂隙演化区域性研究
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摘要
为了研究支承压力区内煤岩体裂隙的演化规律,建立了原生裂隙扩展的力学模型,得出了裂隙的扩展过程及其力学条件.结果表明:煤体原生裂隙经历了剪切滑移—Ⅱ型扩展—弯折扩展—剪切扩展—剪切破坏—反向滑移的过程;同时,在现场对工作面前方不同距离处煤层取样,并对取样切片进行显微照相,切片的裂隙特征反映了支承压力区内的裂隙特征,现场观测和理论研究结果基本一致.基于以上分析,按照煤体裂隙发育特征,将支承压力区分为初始裂隙区、剪切滑移与Ⅱ型裂隙扩展区、裂隙弯折扩展区、裂隙剪切扩展区、剪切破坏区和裂隙反向滑移区,并结合支承压力表达式和裂隙扩展的力学条件,量化得出了各区域范围的表达式.
To make clear the law that governs crack propagation in the abutment pressure area in front of the working face,mechanical model of crack propagation was established and the process of crack propagation and its mechanical condition were proposed.The results show that the original crack experiences the process of shear slip—modeⅡ propagation—bending propagation—shear propagation—shear failure—reverse slip.Plus,coal samples from different distances in front of the working face were taken from a underground mine.These samples were sliced for microphtography which could reflect the crack property in the abutment pressure area.The observation in the field are consistent with the theoretical analysis.Based on the results above,the abutment pressure area can be divided into 6 zones:original crack area,shear slip and modeⅡ propagation area,bending propagation area,shear propagation area,shear failure area and reverse slip area.Cracks propagate in different modes in these areas.Also,the range of these areas are determined by combining the formula of abutment pressure with the mechanical condition of crack propagation.
To make clear the law that governs crack propagation in the abutment pressure area in front of the working face,mechanical model of crack propagation was established and the process of crack propagation and its mechanical condition were proposed.The results show that the original crack experiences the process of shear slip—modeⅡ propagation—bending propagation—shear propagation—shear failure—reverse slip.Plus,coal samples from different distances in front of the working face were taken from a underground mine.These samples were sliced for microphtography which could reflect the crack property in the abutment pressure area.The observation in the field are consistent with the theoretical analysis.Based on the results above,the abutment pressure area can be divided into 6 zones:original crack area,shear slip and modeⅡ propagation area,bending propagation area,shear propagation area,shear failure area and reverse slip area.Cracks propagate in different modes in these areas.Also,the range of these areas are determined by combining the formula of abutment pressure with the mechanical condition of crack propagation.
引文
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[16]彭永伟,齐庆新,汪有刚,等.煤体采动裂隙现场实测及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增2):4188-4193.PENG Yongwei,QI Qingxin,WANG Yougang,et al.Study of field measurement of mining-iduced coal fracture field and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(Sup2):4188-4193.
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[18]谢和平,周宏伟,刘建锋,等.不同开采条件下采动力学行为研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(7):1067-1074.XIE Heping,ZHOU Hongwei,LIU Jianfeng,et al.Mining-induced mechanical behavior in coal seams under different mining layouts[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(7):1067-1074.
[19]靳钟铭,魏锦平,靳文学.放顶煤采场前支承压力分布特征[J].太原理工大学学报,2001,32(3):216-218.JIN Zhongming,WEI Jinping,JIN Wenxue.Abutment pressure distribution in front of working face in top coal caving[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2001,32(3):216-218.
[20]胡亮,樊荣,王卫军,等.大采高长壁综采工作面支承压力分布预测分析[J].煤炭工程,2014,46(8):77-79.HU Liang,FAN Rong,WANG Weijun,et al.Prediction on distribution characteristics of abutment pressure in long-wall fully-mechanized working face with large mining height[J].Coal Engineering,2014,46(8):77-79.
[21]周小平,张永兴.卸荷岩体本构理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:12-21.ZHOU Xiaoping,ZHANG Yongxing.Constitutive theory of unloading rock mass and its application[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007:12-21.
[22]HORRI H,NEMAT N S.Compression induced microcrack growth in brittle solides:Axial splitting and shear failure[J].Journal of Geophysics Research,1985,90:3105-3125.
[23]周小平,张永兴,哈秋聆.裂隙岩体加载和卸荷条件下应力强度因子[J].地下空间,2003,23(3):277-280.ZHOU Xiaoping,ZHANG Yongxing,HA Qiuling.Stress intensity factor of crack-rock under loading and unloading condition[J].Underground Space,2003,23(3):277-280.
[24]ASHBY M F,HALLAM S D.The failure of brittle solids containing small cracks under compressive states[J].Acta Metallica,1986,34:497-510.
[2]ZHANG H,WANG X G,YUAN Z R,et al.Genetic types of micro fractures in coal and their significance[J].Acta Petrologica Et Mineralogica,2002,21(3):279-284.
[3]秦跃平,刘鹏,刘伟,等.双重介质煤体钻孔瓦斯双渗流模型及数值解算[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(6):1111-1117.QIN Yueping,LIU Peng,LIU Wei,et al.Modeling and numerical simulation of borehole methane flow in a dual-porosity,dual-permeability coal seam[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2016,45(6):1111-1117.
[4]薛熠,高峰,高亚楠,等.采动影响下损伤煤岩体峰后渗透率演化模型研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(3):521-527.XUE Yi,GAO Feng,GAO Ya'nan,et al.Research on mining induced permeability evolution model of damaged coal in post-peak stage[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(3):521-527.
[5]缪协兴,安里千,翟明华,等.岩(煤)壁中滑移裂纹扩展的冲击矿压模型[J].中国矿业大学学报,1999,28(2):113-117.MIAO Xiexing,AN Liqian,ZHAI Minghua,et al.Rockburst model for slip crack propagation in rock(coal)wall[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,1999,28(2):113-117.
[6]李廷春.三维裂隙扩展的CT试验及理论分析研究[D].武汉:中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,2005:257-258.LI Tingchun.CT analysis and theoretical study on propagation of penny shaped3-d fractures under compression.Dissertation[D].Wuhan:Wuhan Institute of Rock&Soil Mechanics The Chinese Academy of Science,2005:257-258.
[7]尹光志,代高飞,皮文丽,等.单轴压缩荷载作用下煤岩损伤演化规律的CT实验[J].重庆大学学报,2003,26(6):96-100.YIN Guangzhi,DAI Gaofei,PI Wenli,et al.CT realtime analysis of damage evolution of coal under uniaxial compression[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2003,26(6):96-100.
[8]裴建良,刘建锋,左建平,等.基于声发射定位的自然裂隙动态演化过程研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(4):696-704.PEI Jianliang,LIU Jianfeng,ZUO Jianping,et al.Investigation on dynamic evolution process of natural fractures based on acoustic emission position[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(4):696-704.
[9]许江,苏小鹏,程立朝,等.压剪应力作用下含瓦斯原煤细观裂隙演化特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(3):458-467.XU Jiang,SU Xiaopeng,CHENG Lichao,et al.Evolution characteristics of Meso-cracks of gas filled raw coal under compression-shear stress[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(3):458-467.
[10]张永利,曹竹,肖晓春,等.温度作用下煤体裂隙演化规律数值模拟及声发射特性研究[J].力学与实践,2015,37(3):350-354.ZHANG Yongli,CAO Zhu,XIAO Xiaochun,et al.Numerical simulation and acoustic emission characteristics of the evolution of coal body fissures under different temperatures[J].Mechanics in Engineering,2015,37(3):350-354.
[11]WU P F,LIANG W G,LI Z G,et al.Investigations on mechanical properties and crack propagation characteristics of coal and sandy mudstone using three experimental methods[J].Rock Mechanics&Rock Engineering,2016,50(1):1-9.
[12]LI X C,WANG C,ZHAO C H,et al.The propagation speed of the cracks in coal body containing gas[J].Safety Science,2012,50(4):914-917.
[13]许家林,钱鸣高.覆岩采动裂隙分布特征的研究[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1997,3/4:210-212.XU Jialin,QIAN Minggao.Study on the property of cracks distribution in overlying strata under the influence of mining[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,1997,3/4:210-212.
[14]靳钟铭,魏锦平,靳文学.综放工作面煤体裂隙演化规律研究[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(增1):43-45.JIN Zhongming,WEI Jinping,JIN Wenxue.Research on fracture evolution law of coal mass in fully mechani zed face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2000,25(Sup 1):43-45.
[15]李树刚,石平五,钱鸣高.覆岩采动裂隙椭抛带动态分布特征研究[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1999,3/4:44-46.LI Shugang,SHI Pingwu,QIAN Minggao.Danamic distribution feature of mining-induced fissure elliptic paraboloid zone in overlying strata[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,1999,3/4:44-46.
[16]彭永伟,齐庆新,汪有刚,等.煤体采动裂隙现场实测及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增2):4188-4193.PENG Yongwei,QI Qingxin,WANG Yougang,et al.Study of field measurement of mining-iduced coal fracture field and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(Sup2):4188-4193.
[17]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2012:59-60.QIAN Minggao,SHI Pingwu.Mine pressure and ground control[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2012:59-60.
[18]谢和平,周宏伟,刘建锋,等.不同开采条件下采动力学行为研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(7):1067-1074.XIE Heping,ZHOU Hongwei,LIU Jianfeng,et al.Mining-induced mechanical behavior in coal seams under different mining layouts[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(7):1067-1074.
[19]靳钟铭,魏锦平,靳文学.放顶煤采场前支承压力分布特征[J].太原理工大学学报,2001,32(3):216-218.JIN Zhongming,WEI Jinping,JIN Wenxue.Abutment pressure distribution in front of working face in top coal caving[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2001,32(3):216-218.
[20]胡亮,樊荣,王卫军,等.大采高长壁综采工作面支承压力分布预测分析[J].煤炭工程,2014,46(8):77-79.HU Liang,FAN Rong,WANG Weijun,et al.Prediction on distribution characteristics of abutment pressure in long-wall fully-mechanized working face with large mining height[J].Coal Engineering,2014,46(8):77-79.
[21]周小平,张永兴.卸荷岩体本构理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:12-21.ZHOU Xiaoping,ZHANG Yongxing.Constitutive theory of unloading rock mass and its application[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007:12-21.
[22]HORRI H,NEMAT N S.Compression induced microcrack growth in brittle solides:Axial splitting and shear failure[J].Journal of Geophysics Research,1985,90:3105-3125.
[23]周小平,张永兴,哈秋聆.裂隙岩体加载和卸荷条件下应力强度因子[J].地下空间,2003,23(3):277-280.ZHOU Xiaoping,ZHANG Yongxing,HA Qiuling.Stress intensity factor of crack-rock under loading and unloading condition[J].Underground Space,2003,23(3):277-280.
[24]ASHBY M F,HALLAM S D.The failure of brittle solids containing small cracks under compressive states[J].Acta Metallica,1986,34:497-510.