复合顶板围岩结构失稳分析及支护方式优化
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摘要
针对金家渠煤矿二煤复合顶板支护难题,通过对巷道围岩变形表现形式、复合顶板围岩破坏准则、围岩变形、控制机理的研究,提出了"柔性抗剪支护+髙预应力帮部加固+弱面补强+喷浆封闭"控制方式。顶板支护采用髙预应力锚索桁架,形成加强锚索支护为骨架、短锚索支护为连续带的支护体系,其中锚索采用?17.8 mm×4300 mm预应力钢绞线,间排距800 mm×900 mm;补强桁架锚索采用?21.8 mm×7300 mm预应力钢绞线锚索+11~#工字钢,沿巷道中心对称布置,间排距2000 mm×1800 mm;巷帮高侧区域施工??17.8 mm×4300 mm钢绞线锚索,低侧区域施工?20 mm×2400 mm螺纹钢锚杆;最后喷浆(厚度50 mm)封闭作业。矩形断面能够减少岩层之间的滑动,进而降低对互层结构的破坏,最大程度提高复合顶板的完整性。通过支护方式及掘进断面优化,巷道收敛量≤30 mm,减少了后巷维护工程量,有效控制顶板变形。
In view of the technical difficulties of the gateway composite roof support of Jinjiaqu coal mine, through the research and analysis of the deformation manifestation and deformation mechanism of the surrounding rock of the roadway, this paper puts forward the control way of flexible shear support + high prestressed gang reinforcement + Weak surface reinforcement + grouting closure". Roof support adopts high prestressed anchor cable truss, forming a supporting system with reinforced anchor cable support as the skeleton and short anchor cable support as the continuous belt. The common anchor cable adopts ?17.8 mm×4300 mm prestressed steel strand with a inter-row spacing of 800 mm×900 mm, the truss anchor cable adopts ?21.8 mm×7300 mm prestressed steel strand, with a beam of 11~( # )I-steel, symmetrically arranged along the center of the roadway, with a inter-row spacing of 2000 mm×1800 mm; the high side area of the roadway-side wall adopts 17.8 mm×4300 mm prestressed steel strand for support, and the low side area adopts 20 mm×2400 mm screw-thread steel bolt, finally completing the operation by shotcrete of 50 mm thick. The rectangular section can reduce the sliding between the rock layers, and then reduce the damage to the interlayer structure, and improve the integrity of the composite roof to the greatest extent. Through the optimization of support mode and excavation section, the convergence of roadway is less than 30 mm, which reduces the amount of maintenance project in the rear lane and effectively controls the deformation of roof.
In view of the technical difficulties of the gateway composite roof support of Jinjiaqu coal mine, through the research and analysis of the deformation manifestation and deformation mechanism of the surrounding rock of the roadway, this paper puts forward the control way of flexible shear support + high prestressed gang reinforcement + Weak surface reinforcement + grouting closure". Roof support adopts high prestressed anchor cable truss, forming a supporting system with reinforced anchor cable support as the skeleton and short anchor cable support as the continuous belt. The common anchor cable adopts ?17.8 mm×4300 mm prestressed steel strand with a inter-row spacing of 800 mm×900 mm, the truss anchor cable adopts ?21.8 mm×7300 mm prestressed steel strand, with a beam of 11~( # )I-steel, symmetrically arranged along the center of the roadway, with a inter-row spacing of 2000 mm×1800 mm; the high side area of the roadway-side wall adopts 17.8 mm×4300 mm prestressed steel strand for support, and the low side area adopts 20 mm×2400 mm screw-thread steel bolt, finally completing the operation by shotcrete of 50 mm thick. The rectangular section can reduce the sliding between the rock layers, and then reduce the damage to the interlayer structure, and improve the integrity of the composite roof to the greatest extent. Through the optimization of support mode and excavation section, the convergence of roadway is less than 30 mm, which reduces the amount of maintenance project in the rear lane and effectively controls the deformation of roof.
引文
[1] 马其华,姜斌,许文龙,等.复合顶板巷道围岩控制技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2016,48(5):47-49.
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[16] 康红普,崔千里,胡滨,等.树脂锚杆锚固性能及影响因素分析[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(1):1-10.
[17] 张镇,康红普,王金华.煤巷锚杆—锚索支护的预应力协调作用分析[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(6):881-886.
[2] 吴德义,高航,王爱兰.巷道复合顶板离层的影响因素敏感性分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(2):255-260.
[3] 常聚才.深井复合顶板回采巷道支护技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(6):60-63.
[4] 王宏志,张东升,王旭锋,等.复合顶板大断面开切眼锚网索支护技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):105-109.
[5] 李智,王月红,刘建庄,等.复合顶板锚网索支护技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2016,48(4):39-42.
[6] 崔希鹏,谷拴成,苏锋.煤巷复合顶板变形破坏机理及支护技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(11):56-59,89.
[7] 刘家成,赵玉成,何东旭,等.全长锚固预应力锚杆支护对巷道围岩应力影响规律研究[J].煤炭技术,2015,34(9) :65-67.
[8] 高福全,薛吉胜,尹希文.强烈动压影响下锚网支护巷道矿压显现规律研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(1):28-32.
[9] 周波,袁亮,薛生.巷道层状顶板三向承载梁承载能力弱化机理研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2019,47(1):199-206.
[10] 陈梁,茅献彪,李明,等.基于Drucker-Prager准则的深部巷道破裂围岩弹塑性分析[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(2) :484-491.
[11] 张信贵,许胜才,严利娥,等.Drucker-Prager准则参数有效性及第二主应力对强度的影响分析[J].应用力学学报,2015,32(5):810-816.
[12] 田金泽,翟高峰.挠褶带内复合破碎型煤巷顶板控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(1):22-26,40.
[13] 范明建.强力锚杆支护系统在深部高应力复合顶板巷道中的应用[J].煤炭工程,2016,48(5):30-33..
[14] 张农,高明仕.煤巷高强预应力锚杆支护技术与应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(5):524-527.
[15] 康红普,王金华,等.煤巷锚杆支护理论与成套技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2007.
[16] 康红普,崔千里,胡滨,等.树脂锚杆锚固性能及影响因素分析[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(1):1-10.
[17] 张镇,康红普,王金华.煤巷锚杆—锚索支护的预应力协调作用分析[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(6):881-886.