虚幻的现实:纳博科夫《微暗的火》之对话性解读
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摘要
美籍俄裔作家弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫的小说《微暗的火》因其复杂的结构和奇特的形式在俄国和美国引起了广泛的关注和讨论。尽管如此,小说内部各文本的真实性在一定程度上还是个谜团。基于此,本文运用巴赫金的对话理论分析小说《微暗的火》的虚幻现实性。其中,金波特的注释与假想之声组成了微型对话,构建了金波特的虚幻王国;金波特的注释与谢德的长诗构成了结构上的大型对话,而对话的失败揭示了长诗的真谛,即谢德的彼岸世界;最后纳博科夫和文本间的未完成对话引导读者不断参与多元的意义建构。对话理论为解读《微暗的火》提供了一个新的视角。
The novel Pale Fire written by Russian-American writer Vladimir Nabokov has attracted wide attention and discussion in Russia and the United States because of its complicated structure and peculiar form. However, the authenticity of the texts in the novel is still a mystery to some extent. Based on this, the author attempts to use Bakhtin's dialogue theory to analyze the illusory reality of the novel. Kinbote's annotations and imaginary voices constitute the microdialogue, building his illusory kingdom; Kinbote's annotations and Shade's poem constitute the great dialogue on the structure, and the failure of dialogue reveals the essence of the poem, which is Shade's "other world". At last, the unfinished dialogue between Nabokov and the text guides readers to participate in the multitudinous meaning construction. The dialogue theory provides a new perspective for the interpretation of Pale Fire.
The novel Pale Fire written by Russian-American writer Vladimir Nabokov has attracted wide attention and discussion in Russia and the United States because of its complicated structure and peculiar form. However, the authenticity of the texts in the novel is still a mystery to some extent. Based on this, the author attempts to use Bakhtin's dialogue theory to analyze the illusory reality of the novel. Kinbote's annotations and imaginary voices constitute the microdialogue, building his illusory kingdom; Kinbote's annotations and Shade's poem constitute the great dialogue on the structure, and the failure of dialogue reveals the essence of the poem, which is Shade's "other world". At last, the unfinished dialogue between Nabokov and the text guides readers to participate in the multitudinous meaning construction. The dialogue theory provides a new perspective for the interpretation of Pale Fire.
引文
[1]王祖友、陈世丹:文本是符号的游戏--纳博科夫《微暗的火》形式研究[J]//外语研究,2014年第4期。
[2]McCarthy,M.Vladimir Nabokov:The Critical Heritage[A]//Norman Page(ed.),Pale Fire[C],London and New York:Routledge and Kegan Paul,1982.
[3][新西兰]博伊德:纳博科夫传:美国时期[M],刘佳林译,广西师范大学出版社,2011。
[4][美]纳博科夫:独抒己见[M],唐建清译,浙江文艺出版社,2012。
[5]王安:《微暗的火》的黑格尔辩证法解读[J]//英美文学研究论丛,2015年第1期。
[6][俄]巴赫金:陀思妥耶夫斯基的诗学问题[M],刘虎译,中央编译出版社,2010。
[7][美]纳博科夫:微暗的火[M],梅绍武译,上海译文出版社,2013。
[8][俄]巴赫金:巴赫金全集[M],白春仁、晓河、李辉凡等译,河北教育出版社,1998。
[9][美]司格勒斯:符号学与文学[M],谭大立、龚见明译,春风文艺出版社,1988。
[10]宋艳芳:作者、文本和读者的对话--《微暗的火》的一种阐释[J]//四川外语学院学报,2004年第6期。
[11][美]纳博科夫:文学讲稿[M],申慧辉等译,上海三联书店出版社,2005。
[12]张杰、赵光慧:平台与历史:文本的可阐释空间[J]//外国文学研究,2008年第6期。
[2]McCarthy,M.Vladimir Nabokov:The Critical Heritage[A]//Norman Page(ed.),Pale Fire[C],London and New York:Routledge and Kegan Paul,1982.
[3][新西兰]博伊德:纳博科夫传:美国时期[M],刘佳林译,广西师范大学出版社,2011。
[4][美]纳博科夫:独抒己见[M],唐建清译,浙江文艺出版社,2012。
[5]王安:《微暗的火》的黑格尔辩证法解读[J]//英美文学研究论丛,2015年第1期。
[6][俄]巴赫金:陀思妥耶夫斯基的诗学问题[M],刘虎译,中央编译出版社,2010。
[7][美]纳博科夫:微暗的火[M],梅绍武译,上海译文出版社,2013。
[8][俄]巴赫金:巴赫金全集[M],白春仁、晓河、李辉凡等译,河北教育出版社,1998。
[9][美]司格勒斯:符号学与文学[M],谭大立、龚见明译,春风文艺出版社,1988。
[10]宋艳芳:作者、文本和读者的对话--《微暗的火》的一种阐释[J]//四川外语学院学报,2004年第6期。
[11][美]纳博科夫:文学讲稿[M],申慧辉等译,上海三联书店出版社,2005。
[12]张杰、赵光慧:平台与历史:文本的可阐释空间[J]//外国文学研究,2008年第6期。