浑善达克沙地丘间低地3种典型群落空间点格局研究
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摘要
以浑善达克沙地丘间低地3种典型群落为研究对象,采用Ripley-K点格局分析方法对3种不同群落榆树-小叶锦鸡儿、榆树-三裂绣线菊、榆树-小红柳的空间分布格局及其空间关联性进行分析。结果表明:3个典型群落中榆树种群的空间分布格局在整体上呈随机分布;群落Ⅰ和群落Ⅲ中,三裂绣线菊和小红柳在小尺度上呈聚集分布,随着尺度的增加,表现为随机分布,群落Ⅱ中小叶锦鸡儿呈随机分布。群落Ⅰ中榆树和三裂绣线菊不具有空间关联性,群落Ⅱ榆树和小叶锦鸡儿在小尺度和中尺度上表现为负相关和正相关,其他尺度上无关联,群落Ⅲ中榆树和小红柳在小尺度和大尺度上无关联,而在其他尺度上表现为负相关的空间关系。
Sparse forest of Ulmum pumila is a type of vegetation widely distributed in Hunshandake Sandy Land.Taking three typical communities in lowland between dunes of Hunshandake Sandy Land as research object,Ripley-K point pattern analysis method has been used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern and spatial correlation of three different communities of Ulmum pumila-Caragana microphylla,Ulmum pumila-Spiraea trifida and Ulmum pumila-Salix microstachya. The results show the spatial distribution pattern of Ulmus pumila population in three typical communities is random on the whole. In community I and community III,Spiraea trifida and Salix microstachya are aggregated on a small scale. With the increase of scale,they are in random distribution. Caragana microphylla in community II is in random distribution. There is no spatial correlation between Ulmum pumila and Spiraea trifida in community I. There is a negative and positive correlation between Ulmum pumila and Caragana microphylla in community II on small and medium scales,without correlation on other scales. There is no correlation between Ulmum pumila and Salix microstachya in community III on small and large scales,with negative correlation on other scales.
Sparse forest of Ulmum pumila is a type of vegetation widely distributed in Hunshandake Sandy Land.Taking three typical communities in lowland between dunes of Hunshandake Sandy Land as research object,Ripley-K point pattern analysis method has been used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern and spatial correlation of three different communities of Ulmum pumila-Caragana microphylla,Ulmum pumila-Spiraea trifida and Ulmum pumila-Salix microstachya. The results show the spatial distribution pattern of Ulmus pumila population in three typical communities is random on the whole. In community I and community III,Spiraea trifida and Salix microstachya are aggregated on a small scale. With the increase of scale,they are in random distribution. Caragana microphylla in community II is in random distribution. There is no spatial correlation between Ulmum pumila and Spiraea trifida in community I. There is a negative and positive correlation between Ulmum pumila and Caragana microphylla in community II on small and medium scales,without correlation on other scales. There is no correlation between Ulmum pumila and Salix microstachya in community III on small and large scales,with negative correlation on other scales.
引文
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[17]魏峥,王晓,宋维峰,等.坡位对浑善达克沙地小叶锦鸡儿空间分布影响[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(6):102-107,115.
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[2]张金屯,孟东平.芦芽山华北落叶松林不同龄级立木的点格局分析[J].生态学报,2004,24(1):35-40.
[3]杨洪晓,张金屯,吴波,等.毛乌素沙地油蒿种群点格局分析[J].植物生态学报,2006,30(4):563-570.
[4]金鑫,张钦弟,许强,等.山西灵空山刺五加种群空间分布格局及种间空间关联性[J].植物科学学报,2018,36(3):327-335.
[5]于顺利,陈宏伟.内蒙古高原温带稀树草原生态系统特征与成因[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(4):549-554.
[6]刘建,朱选伟,于飞海,等.浑善达克沙地榆树疏林生态系统的空间异质性[J].环境科学,2003,(4):29-34.
[7]彭羽,蒋高明,郭泺,等.浑善达克沙地中部榆树疏林景观格局[J].科技导报,2011,29(25):45-47.
[8]谷伟.浑善达克沙地榆种子扩散规律的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2012.
[9]刘利红,刘果厚,赵丽,等.浑善达克沙地境内沙地榆的自然更新[J].水土保持通报,2010,30(5):39-42,90.
[10]彭羽.浑善达克沙地退化生态系统生态恢复的自然保护区途径[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院(植物研究所),2005.
[11] Ripley B D. Modeling spatial patterns[J]. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B,1977,39(2):172-212.
[12] Besag J E. Comments on Ripley’s paper[J]. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B,1977,39(2):193-195.
[13] Koukoulas S,Blackburn G A. Spatial relationship between tree species and gap characteristics in broad-leaved deciduous woodland[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science,2005,16(5):587-596.
[14]刘建,刘凤红,董鸣,等.浑善达克沙地南缘榆树种群的大小结构和邻体格局[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(1):77-82.
[15]刘振,李红丽,董智,等.浑善达克沙地2种生境下榆树种群空间点格局[J].林业科学,2012,48(1):29-34.
[16]王晓.浑善达克沙地榆树疏林生态系统组成、空间格局分布及其对放牧干扰的响应[D].北京:北京林业大学,2016.
[17]魏峥,王晓,宋维峰,等.坡位对浑善达克沙地小叶锦鸡儿空间分布影响[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(6):102-107,115.
[18] Crawley M J. Plant Ecology[M]. London:Blackwell Scientific Publication,1986. 97-185.
[19]苏薇,岳永杰,余新晓.油松天然林群落结构及种群空间分布格局[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(3):18-20,61.
[20] Greig-Smith P. Quantitative Plant Ecology. 3rd edition[M].Oxford:Blackwell Scientific Publication,1983.
[21]贾成朕,苗百岭,姜威,等.阿拉善典型荒漠群落种群空间格局及种间关联的尺度依赖性[J].内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版),2017,48(2):142-148.
[22] Clark P J,Evans F C. On some aspects of spatial pattern in biological populations[J]. Science,1955.
[23] Crawford C S,Gosz J R. Desert ecosystems their resources in space and time[J]. Environmental Conservation,1982,9:181-195.
[24] Garner W,Steinberger Y A. Proposed mechanism for the formation of fertile islands in the desert ecosystem[J]. J. Arid Envir.,1989,16:257-262.
[25] Jackon R B,Manwaring J H,Caldwell M M. Rapid physicological adjustment of roots to localized soil enrichment[J]. Nature,1990,344:58-60.