深井超深井钻井堵漏材料高温老化性能评价
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摘要
深井超深井钻进裂缝性油气层极易发生频繁的钻井液漏失,造成严重储层损害和重大经济损失。储层段钻进过程中经常发生重复性漏失,意味着仅用酸溶率、粒度分布等常规堵漏材料评价指标已不能满足钻井液漏失控制工程需要。笔者以塔里木盆地克深气田钻井常用的核桃壳、毫米级碳酸钙为研究对象,开展了堵漏材料高温老化评价实验。实验评价结果表明,在180℃的柴油中老化24h后,核桃壳的颜色由黄色变成黑色,质量损失率为25.16%,摩擦系数下降28.24%,抗压强度下降21.21%;毫米级碳酸钙的颜色由白色变成淡黄色,质量损失率为2.47%,摩擦系数下降1.33%,抗压强度基本不变;由高温老化后的核桃壳和毫米级碳酸钙所形成的封堵层,其承压能力下降了48.84%。分析指出,堵漏材料高温老化失效是深井超深井裂缝封堵层结构破坏并在储层段发生重复性漏失的一个重要因素。
Drilling fluid losses always occur in deep and ultra-deep well drilling of fractured reservoirs,which will cause serious formation damage and significant economic losses.Drilling fluid losses often reoccur in the drilling of reservoir section,indicating the evaluation indexes of acid dissolution rate,particle size distribution and etc.for the conventional lost circulation material(LCM)are unable to meet the needs of lost circulation control.The walnut shells and millimeter-scale calcium carbonates often used in Kat gas reservoirs located in Tarim Basin are studied to conduct a high temperature aging experiment on LCM.Experimental evaluation indicates that the walnut shells stay at 180℃ diesel for 24 h,and their color change from yellow to black with the quality,friction coefficient and compressive strength reduced by 25.16%,28.24% and 21.21% respectively.As the millimeter-calcium carbonates stay at180℃ diesel for 24 h,their color changes from white to light yellow with the quality and friction coefficient reduced by 2.47% and1.33%respectively,while their compressive strength is almost unchanged;The bearing capacity of the plugged zone formed by high temperature aged walnut shells and millimeter-scale calcium carbonates is reduced by 48.84%.The analysis demonstrates that the high temperature aging failure of LCM is an important factor for the structure destruction of fractured plugging zone and reoccurring losses in deep and ultra-deep well.
Drilling fluid losses always occur in deep and ultra-deep well drilling of fractured reservoirs,which will cause serious formation damage and significant economic losses.Drilling fluid losses often reoccur in the drilling of reservoir section,indicating the evaluation indexes of acid dissolution rate,particle size distribution and etc.for the conventional lost circulation material(LCM)are unable to meet the needs of lost circulation control.The walnut shells and millimeter-scale calcium carbonates often used in Kat gas reservoirs located in Tarim Basin are studied to conduct a high temperature aging experiment on LCM.Experimental evaluation indicates that the walnut shells stay at 180℃ diesel for 24 h,and their color change from yellow to black with the quality,friction coefficient and compressive strength reduced by 25.16%,28.24% and 21.21% respectively.As the millimeter-calcium carbonates stay at180℃ diesel for 24 h,their color changes from white to light yellow with the quality and friction coefficient reduced by 2.47% and1.33%respectively,while their compressive strength is almost unchanged;The bearing capacity of the plugged zone formed by high temperature aged walnut shells and millimeter-scale calcium carbonates is reduced by 48.84%.The analysis demonstrates that the high temperature aging failure of LCM is an important factor for the structure destruction of fractured plugging zone and reoccurring losses in deep and ultra-deep well.
引文
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[8]狄勤丰,陈锋,李宁,等.超深井钻具接头极限工作扭矩图版及其应用[J].石油学报,2016,37(4):516-522.DI Qinfeng,CHEN Feng,LI Ning,et al.Ultimate working torque chart of tool joints in ultra deep wells and its application[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(4):516-522.
[9]王中华.国内外油基钻井液研究与应用进展[J].断块油气田,2011,18(4):533-537.WANG Zhonghua.Research and application progress of oil-based drilling fluid at home and abroad[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2011,18(4):533-537.
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[13] LOLOI M,ZAKI K S,ZHAI Zongyu,et al.Borehole strengthening and injector plugging-the common geomechanics thread[R].SPE128589,2010.
[14] XU Chengyuan,KANG Yili,CHEN Fei,et al.Fracture plugging optimization for drill-in fluid loss control and formation damage prevention in fractured tight reservoir[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2016,35:1216-1227.
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[16]张希文,李爽,张洁,等.钻井液堵漏材料及防漏堵漏技术研究进展[J].钻井液与完井液,2009,26(6):74-76.ZHANG Xiwen,LI Shuang,ZHANG Jie,et al.Research progress on lost circulation materials and lost circulation control technology[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2009,26(6):74-76.
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[19]康毅力,许成元,唐龙,等.构筑井周坚韧屏障:井漏控制理论与方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(4):473-479.KANG Yili,XU Chengyuan,TANG Long,et al.Constructing a tough shield around the wellbore:theory and method for lost-circulation control[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,2014,41(4):473-479.
[20] SAVARI S,WHITFILL D L,JAMISON D E,et al.A method to evaluate lost circulation materials-investigation of effective wellbore strengthening applications[R].SPE167977,2014.
[21]曾义金,李大奇,杨春和.裂缝性地层防漏堵漏力学机制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(10):2054-2061.ZENG Yijin,LI Daqi,YANG Chunhe.Leakage prevention and control in fractured formations[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(10):2054-2061.
[22] XU Chengyuan,KANG Yili,YOU Lijun,et al.Lost-circulation control for formation-damage prevention in naturally fractured reservoir:mathematical model and experimental study[J].SPE Journal,2017,22(5):1654-1670.
[23]邱正松,暴丹,刘均一,等.裂缝封堵失稳微观机理及致密承压封堵实验[J].石油学报,2018,39(5):587-596.QIU Zhengsong,BAO Dan,LIU Junyi,et al.Microcosmic mechanism of fracture-plugging instability and experimental study on pressure bearing and tight plugging[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(5):587-596.
[24] KEMMISH D J,HAY J N.The effect of physical ageing on the properties of Amorphous PEEK[J].Polymer,1985,26(6):905-912.
[25] GHAZALI N A,MOHD T A T,ALIAS N,et al.The effects of temperature on rheology properties and filtrate after using lemongrass as lost circulation materials for oil based drilling mud[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,911:243-247.
[26]李志勇,杨超,马攀,等.高温堵漏凝胶性能评价系统[J].钻井液与完井液,2015,32(2):52-54.LI Zhiyong,YANG Chao,MA Pan,et al.Instrument for High temperature gel LCM evaluation[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2015,32(2):52-54.
[27] LIU Xinyou,TIMAR M C,VARODI A M,et al.An investigation of accelerated temperature-induced ageing of four wood species:colour and FTIR[J].Wood Science and Technology,2017,51(2):357-378.
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