乌鲁木齐市中小学生睡眠时间及其与体重指数的相关性分析
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摘要
目的了解乌鲁木齐市中小学生睡眠状况及其与体重指数(BMI)的相关性,为有效控制中小学生的超重肥胖提供依据。方法对乌鲁木齐市3个区的9 864名城市中小学生进行问卷调查及身高体重指标的测试,并对结果进行统计分析。结果乌鲁木齐市中小学生睡眠时间6 h/d以下的比例为14.06%,6～6.9 h/d为35.69%,7～7.9 h/d为22.37%。不同年龄、性别、城乡、家庭经济状况等的中小学生的睡眠时间差异均存在统计学意义(χ~2=4 451.895、3.864、70.148、88.271,P<0.01)。中小学生超重体型的学生比例为7.61%,肥胖为2.16%。随着睡眠时间缩短其超重和肥胖的比例上升,中小学生的睡眠时间与体重指数之间存在负相关关系(r=-0.331,P<0.01)。在控制其他因素的基础上睡眠时间在6 h/d以下是中小学生超重的危险性因素,OR值为1.501,95%CI为1.099～2.059(P<0.05)。结论睡眠时间不足是导致乌鲁木齐市中小学生超重肥胖的危险性因素,应保障充足的睡眠时间以促进该地区中小学生的健康发展。
Objective To understand the relationship between sleep status and body mass index(BMI) of primary and middle school students in Urumqi, and to provide a basis for effective control of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students. Methods A total of 9 864 urban primary and middle school students in 3 districts of Urumqi were surveyed and their height and weight indicators were tested. The results were statistically analyzed. Results The sleep time of primary and middle school students in Urumqi was 14.06% below 6 hours per day, 35.69% at 6-6.9 hours per day, and22.37% at 7-7.9 hours per day. There were statistically significant differences in sleep time between primary and secondary school students of different ages, genders, urban and rural areas, and family economic status(χ~2=4418.95, 3.864, 70.148,88.271, P <0.01, respectively). The proportion of students with overweight in primary and secondary school students was7.61%, and obesity was 2.16%. As the sleep time shortened, the proportion of overweight and obesity increased. There was a negative correlation between sleep time and body mass index(r=-0.331, P<0.01). On the basis of controlling other factors, the sleep time below 6 hours per day was a risk factor for overweight among primary and middle school students. The OR value was 1.501, and the 95%CI 1.99-2.059(P<0.05). Conclusion Insufficient sleep time is a risk factor for overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Urumqi. It is necessary to ensure adequate sleep time to promote the healthy development of primary and middle school students in the area.
Objective To understand the relationship between sleep status and body mass index(BMI) of primary and middle school students in Urumqi, and to provide a basis for effective control of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students. Methods A total of 9 864 urban primary and middle school students in 3 districts of Urumqi were surveyed and their height and weight indicators were tested. The results were statistically analyzed. Results The sleep time of primary and middle school students in Urumqi was 14.06% below 6 hours per day, 35.69% at 6-6.9 hours per day, and22.37% at 7-7.9 hours per day. There were statistically significant differences in sleep time between primary and secondary school students of different ages, genders, urban and rural areas, and family economic status(χ~2=4418.95, 3.864, 70.148,88.271, P <0.01, respectively). The proportion of students with overweight in primary and secondary school students was7.61%, and obesity was 2.16%. As the sleep time shortened, the proportion of overweight and obesity increased. There was a negative correlation between sleep time and body mass index(r=-0.331, P<0.01). On the basis of controlling other factors, the sleep time below 6 hours per day was a risk factor for overweight among primary and middle school students. The OR value was 1.501, and the 95%CI 1.99-2.059(P<0.05). Conclusion Insufficient sleep time is a risk factor for overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Urumqi. It is necessary to ensure adequate sleep time to promote the healthy development of primary and middle school students in the area.
引文
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[4]马军,蔡赐河,王海俊,等.1985-2010年中国学生超重与肥胖流行趋势[J].中华预防医学杂志,2012,46(9):776-780.
[5]刘飞,张君仪,徐虹.青少年肥胖现状及早期影响因素的研究进展[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(3):420-422.
[6]张润,王茂筠,王怡唯,等.肥胖程度及睡眠体位对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者的影响研究[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(11):1294-1299.
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[9]张豫文,石娟,张翼飞,等.青少年肥胖人群发生阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的代谢相关高危因素[J].上海交通大学学报(医学版),2016,36(12):1726-1731.
[10]王晓蕾,王惠君,苏畅.中国九省城市化水平对儿童青少年超重肥胖影响的多水平研究[J].卫生研究,2016,45(6):888-896.
[11]马颖,林穗方,蒋琳,等.广东三城市青少年睡眠时间运动情况与超重肥胖的相关性[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(3):338-340,344.
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[13]马冠生,崔朝辉,胡小琪,等.中国居民的睡眠时间分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2006,14(2):68-71.
[14]郭海军,袁帆,栾德春,等.我国4城市中小学生身体活动及睡眠状况调查[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(2):107-110, 115.
[15] Chennaoui M, Arnal PJ, Sauvet F, et al. Sleep and exercise:a reciprocal issue?[J]. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2015, 20:59-72.
[16] Fullagar HH, Skorski S, Duffield R, et al. Sleep and athletic performance:the effects of sleep loss on exercise performance, and physiological and cognitive responses to exercise[J]. Sports Medicine, 2015,45(2):161-186.
[17]刘梦杨.乌鲁木齐市中学阳光体育运动实施现状分析[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2009.
[18] Stranges S, Cappuccio FP, Kandala NB, et al. Cross-sectional versus prospective associations of sleep duration with changes in relative weight and body fat distribution:the Whitehall II Study[J]. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2008, 167(3):321-329.
[19] Shan X, Xi B, Cheng H, et al. Prevalence and behavioral risk factors of overweight and obesity among children aged 2-18 in Beijing,China[J]. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 2010, 5(5):383-389.
[20]陈贻珊,张一民,孔振兴,等.我国儿童青少年超重、肥胖流行现状调查[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(9):866-869, 878.
[21] Lytle LA, Pasch KE, Farbakhsh K. The relationship between sleep and weight in a sample of adolescents[J]. Obesity, 2011, 19(2):324-331.
[22]吴宪明,孙跃民,姚薇,等.睡眠时间与高血压发生的相关性队列研究[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2016,24(4):255-258.
[2]李舍予,袁祥,李双庆,等.关注肥胖防控中的睡眠健康[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(11):1282-1287.
[3]朱晓庚,翟玲玲.体育锻炼和静坐行为对青少年肥胖影响的研究进展[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(19):3516-3518, 3522.
[4]马军,蔡赐河,王海俊,等.1985-2010年中国学生超重与肥胖流行趋势[J].中华预防医学杂志,2012,46(9):776-780.
[5]刘飞,张君仪,徐虹.青少年肥胖现状及早期影响因素的研究进展[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(3):420-422.
[6]张润,王茂筠,王怡唯,等.肥胖程度及睡眠体位对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者的影响研究[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(11):1294-1299.
[7]教育部体育卫生与艺术教育司.2014年全国学生体质与健康调研工作手册[M].北京:全国学生体质与调研组,2014:41-48.
[8]中国肥胖问题工作组.中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准[J].中华流行病学杂志,2005,25(2):97-102.
[9]张豫文,石娟,张翼飞,等.青少年肥胖人群发生阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的代谢相关高危因素[J].上海交通大学学报(医学版),2016,36(12):1726-1731.
[10]王晓蕾,王惠君,苏畅.中国九省城市化水平对儿童青少年超重肥胖影响的多水平研究[J].卫生研究,2016,45(6):888-896.
[11]马颖,林穗方,蒋琳,等.广东三城市青少年睡眠时间运动情况与超重肥胖的相关性[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(3):338-340,344.
[12]国家卫生计划生育委员会.2017年中国睡眠质量分析报告[EB/OL].[2019-05-06].http://www.askci.com/news/chanye/20171106/095136111213_2.shtml.
[13]马冠生,崔朝辉,胡小琪,等.中国居民的睡眠时间分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2006,14(2):68-71.
[14]郭海军,袁帆,栾德春,等.我国4城市中小学生身体活动及睡眠状况调查[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(2):107-110, 115.
[15] Chennaoui M, Arnal PJ, Sauvet F, et al. Sleep and exercise:a reciprocal issue?[J]. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2015, 20:59-72.
[16] Fullagar HH, Skorski S, Duffield R, et al. Sleep and athletic performance:the effects of sleep loss on exercise performance, and physiological and cognitive responses to exercise[J]. Sports Medicine, 2015,45(2):161-186.
[17]刘梦杨.乌鲁木齐市中学阳光体育运动实施现状分析[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2009.
[18] Stranges S, Cappuccio FP, Kandala NB, et al. Cross-sectional versus prospective associations of sleep duration with changes in relative weight and body fat distribution:the Whitehall II Study[J]. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2008, 167(3):321-329.
[19] Shan X, Xi B, Cheng H, et al. Prevalence and behavioral risk factors of overweight and obesity among children aged 2-18 in Beijing,China[J]. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 2010, 5(5):383-389.
[20]陈贻珊,张一民,孔振兴,等.我国儿童青少年超重、肥胖流行现状调查[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(9):866-869, 878.
[21] Lytle LA, Pasch KE, Farbakhsh K. The relationship between sleep and weight in a sample of adolescents[J]. Obesity, 2011, 19(2):324-331.
[22]吴宪明,孙跃民,姚薇,等.睡眠时间与高血压发生的相关性队列研究[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2016,24(4):255-258.