顾及平原区微地貌的地形湿度指数及其地表水环境意义
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摘要
我国平原区广泛分布的沟渠、水塘等微地貌对地表水环境的空间分布特征具有重要影响,为深入探究平原区微地貌对区域地表水环境的影响,文章利用添加微地貌特征线的方法,构建出顾及微地貌的数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM),据此计算出能够顾及微地貌的地形湿度指数(topographic wetness index,TWI),并进一步阐明其所蕴含的地表水环境意义。研究结果表明,顾及微地貌的TWI空间分布能较直观地反映区域地表水系的空间分布规律及其地表径流特征,特别是能够很好地反映地表积水区或易发展为积水区的空间分布规律,可为研究区的水环境保护、防洪与抗旱、农业生产等提供辅助决策依据。
The micro-reliefs like canals and ponds distributed widely in the plains of China have an important influence on the spatial distribution characteristics of surface water environment.In this paper,the digital elevation model(DEM)considering the micro-reliefs on the plains is built by adding micro-geomorphological feature lines,the topographic wetness index(TWI)based on the DEM is calculated,and its implications of surface water environment are analyzed.The results show that the distribution characteristics of TWI considering micro-reliefs can intuitively reflect the spatial distribution of the surface water networks and the characteristics of surface runoff,in particular,the spatial distribution of surface water accumulated areas or the areas that will easily develop to be surface water accumulated areas.The results can provide the basis for the decision-making for the water environment protection,flood protection,drought resistance and agricultural production,etc.
The micro-reliefs like canals and ponds distributed widely in the plains of China have an important influence on the spatial distribution characteristics of surface water environment.In this paper,the digital elevation model(DEM)considering the micro-reliefs on the plains is built by adding micro-geomorphological feature lines,the topographic wetness index(TWI)based on the DEM is calculated,and its implications of surface water environment are analyzed.The results show that the distribution characteristics of TWI considering micro-reliefs can intuitively reflect the spatial distribution of the surface water networks and the characteristics of surface runoff,in particular,the spatial distribution of surface water accumulated areas or the areas that will easily develop to be surface water accumulated areas.The results can provide the basis for the decision-making for the water environment protection,flood protection,drought resistance and agricultural production,etc.
引文
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[7]于海洋,罗玲,马慧慧,等.SRTM DEM(1″)在流域水文分析中的适用性研究[J].国土资源遥感,2017,29(2):138-143.
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[11]马建超,林广发,陈友飞,等.DEM栅格单元异质性对地形湿度指数提取的影响分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2011,13(2):157-163.
[12]包黎莉,秦承志,朱阿兴.地形湿度指数算法误差的定量评价[J].地理科学进展,2011,30(1):57-64.
[13]田瑞云,王玉宽,傅斌,等.基于DEM的地形单元多样性指数及其算法[J].地理科学进展,2013,32(1):121-129.
[14]王佳佳,殷坤龙,杜娟,等.基于GIS考虑准动态湿度指数的滑坡危险性预测水文-力学耦合模型研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(增刊2):3868-3877.
[15]何丽丽.基于不同比例尺和分辨率DEM的数字地形分析[D].重庆:西南大学,2007.
[16]邢丽玮,牛振国,张海英.不同湿度指数在湿地分类中的对比研究[J].地理与地理信息科学,2015,31(6):35-40.
[17] ALUKO O E,IGWE O.An integrated geomatics approach to groundwater potential delineation in the Akoko-Edo Area,Nigeria[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2017,76(6):240-242.
[18]杨城,林广发,张明锋,等.基于DEM的福建省土质滑坡敏感性评价[J].地球信息科学学报,2016,18(12):1624-1633.
[19]王珂,郭长宝,马施民,等.基于证据权模型的川西鲜水河断裂带滑坡易发性评价[J].现代地质,2016,30(3):705-715.
[20]陈桂香,高灯州,曾从盛,等.福州市农田土壤养分空间变异特征[J].地球信息科学学报,2017,19(2):216-224.
[21]俱战省.小流域土壤水分时空分布和地形湿度指数适用性评价研究[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[22]魏胜龙,陈志彪,陈志强,等.红壤侵蚀区微地形上芒萁分布与地形湿度指数特征[J].黑龙江农业科学,2016(4):42-47.
[23]张彩霞.基于DEM的地形湿度指数提取与应用研究[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学,2006.
[24]龚秒.基于DEM的地形湿度指数不确定性研究:以陕北黄土高原为例[D].南京:南京师范大学,2015.
[2] O’LOUGHLIN E M.Prediction of surface saturation zones in natural catchments by topographic analysis[J].Water Resources Research,1986,22(5):794-804.
[3] QUINN P,BEVEN K J,LAMB R.The ln(α/tanβ)index:how to calculate it and how to use it within the TOPMODEL framework[J].Hydrological Processes,2010,9(2):161-182.
[4]熊立华,郭生练,O’CONNOR K.利用DEM提取地貌指数的方法述评[J].水科学进展,2002,13(6):775-780.
[5] GRABS T,SEIBERT J,BISHOP K,et al.Modeling spatial patterns of saturated areas:a comparison of the topographic wetness index and a dynamic distributed model[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009,373(1/2):15-23.
[6]秦承志,杨琳,朱阿兴,等.平缓地区地形湿度指数的计算方法[J].地理科学进展,2006,25(6):87-93.
[7]于海洋,罗玲,马慧慧,等.SRTM DEM(1″)在流域水文分析中的适用性研究[J].国土资源遥感,2017,29(2):138-143.
[8]孙立群,胡成,陈刚.TOPMODEL模型中的DEM尺度效应[J].水科学进展,2008,19(5):699-706.
[9]王海力,韩光中,谢贤建.单流向法地形湿度指数尺度效应的不同地形区差异分析[J].地理与地理信息科学,2016,32(4):23-29,127.
[10]张彩霞,杨勤科,李锐.基于DEM的地形湿度指数及其应用研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2005,24(6):116-123.
[11]马建超,林广发,陈友飞,等.DEM栅格单元异质性对地形湿度指数提取的影响分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2011,13(2):157-163.
[12]包黎莉,秦承志,朱阿兴.地形湿度指数算法误差的定量评价[J].地理科学进展,2011,30(1):57-64.
[13]田瑞云,王玉宽,傅斌,等.基于DEM的地形单元多样性指数及其算法[J].地理科学进展,2013,32(1):121-129.
[14]王佳佳,殷坤龙,杜娟,等.基于GIS考虑准动态湿度指数的滑坡危险性预测水文-力学耦合模型研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(增刊2):3868-3877.
[15]何丽丽.基于不同比例尺和分辨率DEM的数字地形分析[D].重庆:西南大学,2007.
[16]邢丽玮,牛振国,张海英.不同湿度指数在湿地分类中的对比研究[J].地理与地理信息科学,2015,31(6):35-40.
[17] ALUKO O E,IGWE O.An integrated geomatics approach to groundwater potential delineation in the Akoko-Edo Area,Nigeria[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2017,76(6):240-242.
[18]杨城,林广发,张明锋,等.基于DEM的福建省土质滑坡敏感性评价[J].地球信息科学学报,2016,18(12):1624-1633.
[19]王珂,郭长宝,马施民,等.基于证据权模型的川西鲜水河断裂带滑坡易发性评价[J].现代地质,2016,30(3):705-715.
[20]陈桂香,高灯州,曾从盛,等.福州市农田土壤养分空间变异特征[J].地球信息科学学报,2017,19(2):216-224.
[21]俱战省.小流域土壤水分时空分布和地形湿度指数适用性评价研究[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[22]魏胜龙,陈志彪,陈志强,等.红壤侵蚀区微地形上芒萁分布与地形湿度指数特征[J].黑龙江农业科学,2016(4):42-47.
[23]张彩霞.基于DEM的地形湿度指数提取与应用研究[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学,2006.
[24]龚秒.基于DEM的地形湿度指数不确定性研究:以陕北黄土高原为例[D].南京:南京师范大学,2015.