食葵采收台凸轮机构设计与试验
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摘要
针对新疆食葵的种植模式进行实地调研,设计一种以凸轮机构为核心的食葵捡拾装置。通过理论分析,确定凸轮机构基本参数,建立凸轮曲线参数方程。基于SolidWorks软件,构建凸轮机构的三维模型并进行运动学仿真,制作食葵采收台样机并进行田间试验,试验结果表明,当插盘高度为650 mm、变速箱输入轴转速为720 r/min、机组前进速度为0.88 m/s时,凸轮机构满足设计要求,整机收获总损失率低于5%,符合新疆食葵田间作业要求。
In order to solve these problems such as the leakage of edible sunflower and grain loss in the process of mechanical harvesting, the planting mode and physical characteristics of edible sunflower in Xinjiang were investigated on the spot, and a pickup device with cam mechanism as the core was designed according to the operation requirements of field harvesting. Through the design and analysis of the cam mechanism, the basic parameters of the cam mechanism are determined, and the parametric equation of the cam contour curve is established. Based on SolidWorks software, a 3 D model of the cam mechanism was constructed and kinematics simulation was carried out. A prototype of the edible sunflower harvesting station was made and field tests were carried out. The test results show that when the height of the disc is 650 mm, the speed of the transmission input shaft is 720 r/min, and the forward speed of the unit is 0.88 m/s, the cam mechanism meets the design requirements, and the total loss rate of the whole machine is less than 5%, which meets the field operation requirements of edible sunflower in Xinjiang.
In order to solve these problems such as the leakage of edible sunflower and grain loss in the process of mechanical harvesting, the planting mode and physical characteristics of edible sunflower in Xinjiang were investigated on the spot, and a pickup device with cam mechanism as the core was designed according to the operation requirements of field harvesting. Through the design and analysis of the cam mechanism, the basic parameters of the cam mechanism are determined, and the parametric equation of the cam contour curve is established. Based on SolidWorks software, a 3 D model of the cam mechanism was constructed and kinematics simulation was carried out. A prototype of the edible sunflower harvesting station was made and field tests were carried out. The test results show that when the height of the disc is 650 mm, the speed of the transmission input shaft is 720 r/min, and the forward speed of the unit is 0.88 m/s, the cam mechanism meets the design requirements, and the total loss rate of the whole machine is less than 5%, which meets the field operation requirements of edible sunflower in Xinjiang.
引文
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[14] DB65/T 3541—2013,葵花生产机械化操作技术规程[S].
[2] 王海新,张学军,张朝书,等.基于SolidWorks钉齿式残膜回收机关键部件的设计分析[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(10):36-39.Wang Haixin,Zhang Xuejun,Zhang Chaoshu,et al.Design of key components of the residual film recycling machine based on SolidWorks [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2016,37(10):36-39.
[3] 孙桓,陈作模,葛文杰.机械原理(7版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[4] 时明明,孔晓玲,刘素梅,等.红枣去核机构的设计及仿真[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(12):111-115.Shi Mingming,Kong Xiaoling,Liu Sumei,et al.Design and simulation of jujube kernel removing mechanism [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2016,37(12):111-115.
[5] 唐文波,王春耀,闵磊,等.辣椒定向去核机凸轮机构的设计[J].机械设计与制造,2013(7):28-30.Tang Wenbo,Wang Chunyao,Min Lei,et al.Design of CAM mechanism for a kind of chili directional pitter [J].Machinery Design & Manufacture,2013(7):28-30.
[6] 王海滨,李志鹏,姜雪松,等.基于槽型凸轮传动的蓝莓采摘机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(10):80-91.Wang Haibin,Li Zhipeng,Jiang Xuesong,et al.Design and experiment on blueberry picking machine based on groove cam drive [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(10):80-91.
[7] 方芳.基于SolidWorks的平面凸轮设计系统研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010.Fang Fang.Research on design system of face cam based on SolidWorks [D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2010.
[8] 王惠宁,徐芳,周志刚.对称性凸轮机构从动件升程廓线多项式运动规律的参数化研究[J].机械传动,2016,40(8):94-97,125.Wang Huining,Xu Fang,Zhou Zhigang.Study on the parametric of polynomial motion law of the symmetrical cam follower lifting profile [J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,2016,40(8):94-97,125.
[9] 吴佳,何雪明,何楷,等.多项式拟合法在旋盖机凸轮曲线设计中的研究与应用[J].食品与机械,2018,34(6):75-80,151.Wu Jia,He Xueming,He Kai,et al.The research and application of polynomial fitting in cam curve design of cap screwing machine [J].Food and Machinery,2018,34(6):75-80,151.
[10] 夏志林,李国昌,吴雪梅,等.烟用定点施肥装置凸轮机构运动学分析与仿真[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(4):69-74.Xia Zhilin,Li Guochang,Wu Xuemei,et al.Kinematics analysis and simulation of fertilizer placement unit's cam mechanism for tobacco [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(4):69-74.
[11] 郭俊先,张学军,靳伟.曲轴滚筒式捡膜机构设计与运动特性分析[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(5):23-26.Guo Junxian,Zhang Xuejun,Jin Wei.Analysis on motion characteristics and design on roller mechanism equipped with fixed crankshaft for collecting residual film [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2016,37(5):23-26.
[12] GB/T 8097—2008,收获机械联合收割机试验方法[S].
[13] GB/T 5262—2008,农业机械试验条件测定方法的一般规定[S].
[14] DB65/T 3541—2013,葵花生产机械化操作技术规程[S].