黑河地区大豆杂交方法
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摘要
大豆杂交方法受不同生态区影响较大,为摸索适合黑河生态条件的大豆有性杂交方法,选择大豆杂交过程中花大小、去雄与授粉的时间设计不同的杂交方法,研究杂交方案对杂交成功率的影响。结果表明:杂交的成活率、伪杂种率与选花的大小呈显著的正相关。黑河生态条件下方案3A的方法最优,杂交成功率极高。4∶00-5∶00时选择中、大花进行去雄,8∶00时进行授粉,既提高了杂交的成活率,同时也很好地控制了伪杂种的发生。个别伪杂种的出现也是可控的,根据实际杂交操作的经验,极少数伪杂种的发生也是在5∶00左右,光照增强,空气中的温度升高,迅速促进发育促使散粉。
Soybean hybrid method should be modified slightly according to different ecological areas.In order to explore the suitable soybean hybrid method for ecological conditions in Heihe,different designs based on size of flower and time interval between castration and pollination were compared to illustrate the effect on survival rate and false hybrids rate.Hybrid rate and survival rate,pseudogenes choose flower size was significantly positive correlation.Under the condition of the Heihe ecological,hybrid success rate of the optimal scheme 3A was extremely high.From 4∶00to 5∶00,big flower in choosing emasculation,at 8∶00pollinate chould enhance the survival rate of the hybrid,it was also control the occurrence of the false hybrid well.The advent of individual false hybrid was controllable,according to actual hybrid operation experience,the occurrence of a few false hybrid was also at 5∶00,illumination strengthened,temperature increased in the air to rapidly promote the development and powder.
Soybean hybrid method should be modified slightly according to different ecological areas.In order to explore the suitable soybean hybrid method for ecological conditions in Heihe,different designs based on size of flower and time interval between castration and pollination were compared to illustrate the effect on survival rate and false hybrids rate.Hybrid rate and survival rate,pseudogenes choose flower size was significantly positive correlation.Under the condition of the Heihe ecological,hybrid success rate of the optimal scheme 3A was extremely high.From 4∶00to 5∶00,big flower in choosing emasculation,at 8∶00pollinate chould enhance the survival rate of the hybrid,it was also control the occurrence of the false hybrid well.The advent of individual false hybrid was controllable,according to actual hybrid operation experience,the occurrence of a few false hybrid was also at 5∶00,illumination strengthened,temperature increased in the air to rapidly promote the development and powder.
引文
[1]韩冬伟.大豆整体去雄杂交技术的研究与实践[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010(6):29-31.
[2]汤玉华,季志强.介绍一种提高大豆杂交成活率简便有效的方法[J].大豆科技,1998(3):18.
[3]於宏伟,宋晓燕,周雪营.影响大豆杂交结实率的因素及解决措施[J].农业科技通讯,2008(7):163-164.
[4]王敏.影响大豆杂交成活率因素初探[J].安徽农学通报,2009,15(4):61-62.
[5]韩冬伟.影响大豆杂交成活率的因素分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010(9):107-108.
[6]郭凤霞,马志军,王海.提高大豆杂交成功率的有效方法[J].甘肃农业科技,1995(5):9-10.
[7]张勇,孙石,杨兴勇,等.提高南繁条件下大豆杂交成功率的方法[J].作物学报,2014,40(7):1296-1303.
[8]于伟,李磊,李智,等.大豆杂交方法与技巧[J].作物杂志,2005(6):51-52.
[9]张桂茹.大豆杂交技术[J].黑龙江农业科学,1999(2):28-29.
[10]樊翠芹,苗玉凤,王文秀,等.影响大豆杂交成功率的因素及提高途径[J].河北农业技术师范学院学报,1999,13(2):34-36.
[11]卢广远,施立善.大豆整体去雄杂交技术[J].大豆科技,2009(5):47-48.
[2]汤玉华,季志强.介绍一种提高大豆杂交成活率简便有效的方法[J].大豆科技,1998(3):18.
[3]於宏伟,宋晓燕,周雪营.影响大豆杂交结实率的因素及解决措施[J].农业科技通讯,2008(7):163-164.
[4]王敏.影响大豆杂交成活率因素初探[J].安徽农学通报,2009,15(4):61-62.
[5]韩冬伟.影响大豆杂交成活率的因素分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010(9):107-108.
[6]郭凤霞,马志军,王海.提高大豆杂交成功率的有效方法[J].甘肃农业科技,1995(5):9-10.
[7]张勇,孙石,杨兴勇,等.提高南繁条件下大豆杂交成功率的方法[J].作物学报,2014,40(7):1296-1303.
[8]于伟,李磊,李智,等.大豆杂交方法与技巧[J].作物杂志,2005(6):51-52.
[9]张桂茹.大豆杂交技术[J].黑龙江农业科学,1999(2):28-29.
[10]樊翠芹,苗玉凤,王文秀,等.影响大豆杂交成功率的因素及提高途径[J].河北农业技术师范学院学报,1999,13(2):34-36.
[11]卢广远,施立善.大豆整体去雄杂交技术[J].大豆科技,2009(5):47-48.