中国汉族人的皮下脂肪发育
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摘要
目前尚未见中国各地汉族成人皮褶厚度的综合研究。于2009年至2013年在中国22个省测量了汉族成人26928例(男13221例,女13707例)的面颊皮褶、肱二头肌皮褶、肱三头肌皮褶、肩胛下皮褶、髂嵴上皮褶、小腿内侧皮褶的厚度,计算体脂肪率。运用u检验对城乡间皮褶厚度值进行比较,对6项皮褶厚度与纬度、经度、年龄进行相关分析。研究发现,总的说来,随纬度的减少(从北向南)、经度的增加(从西向东)、年龄的增加,汉族男性皮褶厚度增大,皮下脂肪增厚。随纬度的增加(从南向北)、年龄的增长,汉族女性皮褶厚度增大,皮下脂肪增厚,体脂率(PBF)增大。城市汉族男性皮褶厚度值均大于乡村汉族男性,城市女性肩胛下皮褶、小腿内侧皮褶厚度值接近于乡村女性,其余4项皮褶厚度值大于乡村女性(P<0.01)。城市男性PBF值大于乡村男性,城市女性PBF值小于乡村女性。城市男性、女性与乡村男性、女性均为肩胛下皮褶最厚、髂嵴上皮褶次之,以肱二头肌皮褶最为菲薄。
Currently,there is no comprehensive study of the skin-fold thickness of Han nationality adults in various regions of China.From 2009 to 2013,we measured skin-fold thicknesses of face,biceps,triceps,subscapular,suprailiac,calfand calculated fat% of 23928 Han adults(13221 males,13707 females) in Chinese twenty-twoprovinces.Using u-test to compare the city and the countryside inskin-fold thickness and analysing on correlation analysis of the six items of skinfold thickness with latitude,longitude and age.The study found that on the whole,with the latitude reducing(from North to South),longitude increasing(from West to East) and age increasing,Han male skin-fold thickness increases and subcutaneous fat is thickened.With the increase of the latitude(from South to North) and the growth of the age,Han female skin-fold thickness increases,subcutaneous fat is thickened and PBF increases.The value of skin-fold thickness in urban Han was higher than that in rural Han.Han female skin-fold thickness values of subscapular and calf in urban are close to those in rural,the remaining four skin-fold thickness values in urban are greater than those in rural(P<0.01).Urban male PBF value is greater than the rural male,contrary to female.Among urban male,female and rural male,female,the skin-fold thickness of subscapular is the thickest,suprailiac is the second thickest,and the thinnest is biceps.
Currently,there is no comprehensive study of the skin-fold thickness of Han nationality adults in various regions of China.From 2009 to 2013,we measured skin-fold thicknesses of face,biceps,triceps,subscapular,suprailiac,calfand calculated fat% of 23928 Han adults(13221 males,13707 females) in Chinese twenty-twoprovinces.Using u-test to compare the city and the countryside inskin-fold thickness and analysing on correlation analysis of the six items of skinfold thickness with latitude,longitude and age.The study found that on the whole,with the latitude reducing(from North to South),longitude increasing(from West to East) and age increasing,Han male skin-fold thickness increases and subcutaneous fat is thickened.With the increase of the latitude(from South to North) and the growth of the age,Han female skin-fold thickness increases,subcutaneous fat is thickened and PBF increases.The value of skin-fold thickness in urban Han was higher than that in rural Han.Han female skin-fold thickness values of subscapular and calf in urban are close to those in rural,the remaining four skin-fold thickness values in urban are greater than those in rural(P<0.01).Urban male PBF value is greater than the rural male,contrary to female.Among urban male,female and rural male,female,the skin-fold thickness of subscapular is the thickest,suprailiac is the second thickest,and the thinnest is biceps.
引文
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[13]Frisancho AR.Anthropometric standards:An interactive nutritional reference of body size and body composition for children and adults[J].Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press,2008
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[15]Wells JCK.Ecogeographical associations between climate and human body composition:Analyses based on anthropometry and skinfolds[J].American Journal of Physical Anthropology,2012,147:169-186
[16]李咏兰,陆舜华,郑连斌,等.山西汉族成人皮褶厚度特点[J].解剖学报,2012,43(2):268-272
[17]黄昌盛,浦洪琴,黄秀峰.广西毛南族成年女性皮褶厚度与年龄变化[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2008,12(33):6554-6557
[18]黄世宁,浦洪琴,潘含义,等.广西侗族成人皮褶厚度的年龄变化[J].右江民族医学院学报,2005,27(6):771-774
[19]郑连斌,朱钦,王树勋.达斡尔族成人的皮褶厚度及其年龄变化[J].人类学学报,2003,25(1):45-50
[20]董其格其,谢宾,陆舜华,等.布里亚特蒙古族成人皮褶厚度及其年龄变化[J].沈阳师范大学学报(自然科学版),2009,27(1):100-104
[21]李咏兰,郑连斌,包金萍,等.云南西双版纳州傣族成人的皮褶厚度[J].解剖学杂志,2015,38(1):86-89
[2]唐锡麟.儿童少年生长发育[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1991:263-272
[3]席焕久,陈昭.人体测量方法[M].北京.科学出版社,2010:78-80
[4]郑连斌,李咏兰,宇克莉,等.贵州屯堡人皮褶厚度的研究[J].南京医科大学学报,2013,33(7):970-974
[5]王杨,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.广东客家人皮褶厚度特征研究[J].解剖学杂志,2012,35(4):506-509
[6]宇克莉,郑连斌,赵大鹏,等.安徽汉族成人皮褶厚度的研究[J].人类学学报,2014,33(2):214-220
[7]包金萍,郑连斌,张兴华,等.海南琼海汉族成人皮褶厚度的年龄变化[J].人类学学报,2015,34(1):97-104
[8]包金萍,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.云南汉族成人皮褶厚度的研究[J].解剖学杂志,2014,37(4):533-536
[9]李咏兰,陆舜华,郑连斌,等.汉族湘语族群成人皮褶厚度[J].解剖学杂志,2012,35(4):501-505
[10]Durnin JV,Womersley J.Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness:Measurements on481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years[J].BrJ Nutr,1974,32:77-97
[11]Siri WE.Body composition from fluid space and density[A].In:Brozek J,Hanschel A.Techniques for measuring body composition[M].Washington DC:National Academy of Science,1961:223-244
[12]Yao M,Roberts SB,Ma G,et al.Field methods for body composition assessment are valid in healthy Chinese adults[J].J Nutr,2002,132:310-317
[13]Frisancho AR.Anthropometric standards:An interactive nutritional reference of body size and body composition for children and adults[J].Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press,2008
[14]McDowell MA,Fryar CD,Ogden CL,et al.Anthropometric reference data for children and adults:United States,2003-2006[J].Natl Health Stat Rep,2008(10):1-48
[15]Wells JCK.Ecogeographical associations between climate and human body composition:Analyses based on anthropometry and skinfolds[J].American Journal of Physical Anthropology,2012,147:169-186
[16]李咏兰,陆舜华,郑连斌,等.山西汉族成人皮褶厚度特点[J].解剖学报,2012,43(2):268-272
[17]黄昌盛,浦洪琴,黄秀峰.广西毛南族成年女性皮褶厚度与年龄变化[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2008,12(33):6554-6557
[18]黄世宁,浦洪琴,潘含义,等.广西侗族成人皮褶厚度的年龄变化[J].右江民族医学院学报,2005,27(6):771-774
[19]郑连斌,朱钦,王树勋.达斡尔族成人的皮褶厚度及其年龄变化[J].人类学学报,2003,25(1):45-50
[20]董其格其,谢宾,陆舜华,等.布里亚特蒙古族成人皮褶厚度及其年龄变化[J].沈阳师范大学学报(自然科学版),2009,27(1):100-104
[21]李咏兰,郑连斌,包金萍,等.云南西双版纳州傣族成人的皮褶厚度[J].解剖学杂志,2015,38(1):86-89