县域尺度农田生态系统土壤养分特征研究
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摘要
以山西省襄汾县为研究区域,采集100个农田耕作层表土,用相关分析和主成分分析的方法,研究了县域尺度小麦—玉米轮作下,耕作层土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量及铁、锰、铜、锌、硼和硫这6种中、微量元素含量的变化特征。结果表明,土壤有机质与全氮、锰、硫的含量呈极显著正相关,与速效磷和锌的含量呈显著正相关;由主成分分析可知,土壤有机质、速效磷和全铜含量密切相关;全县耕作层土壤有机质均值为11.41 g/kg,全氮含量为1.01 g/kg,属中等偏上水平;速效钾含量为201.75 mg/kg,水平较高;而铁、锰、铜、锌、硼和硫的平均含量分别为4.55,6.74,1.14,1.33,0.69,71.07 mg/kg,水平偏低,说明耕作层普遍缺乏中、微量元素。
Taking Xiangfen in Shanxi as the research case,100 soil samples were collected under winter wheat/summer maize rotate cropping to study the changing trend of topsoil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potass and iron,manganese,copper,zinc,boron and sulfur six medium,microelements content on a county scale by correlation and principle components.The correlation between soil organic matter and total nitrogen,Mn and S elements was significantly positive.The relationship between soil organic matter and available phosphorus and Cu content was significant by principle components analyzed.The mean value of topsoil soil organic matter and total nitrogen,available potassium were 11.41 g/kg,1.01 g/kg and 201.75 mg/kg respectively at higher level.The mean value of Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,B,S were 4.55,6.74,1.14,1.33,0.69,71.07 mg/kg,respectively at lower level.The county scale topsoil generally lack medium and micro elements.
Taking Xiangfen in Shanxi as the research case,100 soil samples were collected under winter wheat/summer maize rotate cropping to study the changing trend of topsoil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potass and iron,manganese,copper,zinc,boron and sulfur six medium,microelements content on a county scale by correlation and principle components.The correlation between soil organic matter and total nitrogen,Mn and S elements was significantly positive.The relationship between soil organic matter and available phosphorus and Cu content was significant by principle components analyzed.The mean value of topsoil soil organic matter and total nitrogen,available potassium were 11.41 g/kg,1.01 g/kg and 201.75 mg/kg respectively at higher level.The mean value of Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,B,S were 4.55,6.74,1.14,1.33,0.69,71.07 mg/kg,respectively at lower level.The county scale topsoil generally lack medium and micro elements.
引文
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[2]周传艳,陈训,周国逸,等.不同土地利用方式及开垦时间对岩溶山区土壤养分空间分布的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2011(1):63-68.
[3]张国新,王秀萍,刘艳辉,等.河北滨海区土壤养分状况分析评价[J].天津农业科学,2012,18(3):59-62.
[4]王宜伦,李祥剑,张许,等.豫东平原夏玉米平衡施钾效应研究[J].河南农业科学,2010(4):39-42.
[5]杨军芳,周晓芬,孙丽敏,等.太行山前平原小麦/玉米轮作土壤养分状况与农田氮、磷、钾平衡分析[J].华北农学报,2011,26(6):181-188.
[6]王霞,韩凤兰,董天明,等.临河区耕地土壤养分现状及变化原因分析[J].内蒙古农业科技,2008(1):60-62.
[7]Qiu LP,ZhangXC,ChengJ M.Effects ofblack locust(Robinia pseudoacacia)on soil properties in the loess gully region of the Loess Plateau,China[J].Plant and Soil,2010,332(1):207-217.
[8]吴玉红,田霄鸿.基于因子和聚类分析的保护性耕作土壤质量评价研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(2):223-228.
[9]李有民,周华荣.新疆伊犁皮里其河流域表层土壤养分特征[J].干旱区研究,2010,27(2):126-130.
[10]连纲.黄土高原县域土壤养分空间变异特征及预测:以陕西省横山县为例[J].土壤学报,2008,45(4):459-462.
[11]齐伟,徐艳,张凤荣.黄淮海平原农区县域土壤养分平衡评价方法及其应用[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(2):238-243.
[12]章家恩,高爱霞.玉米/花生间作对土壤微生物和土壤养分状况的影响[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(7):1597-1602.
[13]王月容,周金星,周志翔,等.洞庭湖退田还湖区不同土地利用方式对土壤养分库的影响[J].长江流域资源环境,2010,19(6):636-639.
[14]Mikola J,Setala H.Defoliation and patchy nutrient return drive grazing effects on plant and soil properties in a dairy cow pas-ture[J].Ecological Monographs,2009,79:221-244.
[15]Palosuo T,Liski J,Trofymowc J A,et al.Litter decomposition affected by climate and litter quality:Testing the Yasso model with litterbag data from the Canadian intersite decomposition experiment[J].Ecological Modelling,2005,189:183-198.
[16]贾伟,周怀平.长期秸秆还田秋施肥对褐土微生物碳、氮量和酶活性的影响[J].华北农学报,2008,23(2):138-142.