烟粉虱与番茄黄化曲叶病毒病发生关系研究
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摘要
研究明确了番茄黄化曲叶病毒病在陕西的发生范围、不同种植茬口的发病率、烟粉虱对番茄黄化曲叶病毒病,为病毒病防治提供理论依据。通过田间定期普查和人工接虫相结合的方法研究烟粉虱在番茄黄化曲叶病毒病侵染循环中所起的作用。结果表明,从不同种植区域看,番茄黄化曲叶病毒病在陕西番茄栽培区域普遍发生,其中渭南、延安、西安、咸阳等地区发生最重,平均发病株率52.3%,平均病情指数32.6,汉中地区未见发生。越夏茬番茄平均发病株率94.8%,平均病情指数53.8,平均产量降低74.0%;秋延茬和越冬茬次之,早春茬为害最轻。烟粉虱发生期与病毒病发生期吻合,烟粉虱在较低密度情况下发生后20～25天,田间出现病毒病流行;在较高密度情况下,发生后10～15天田间出现病毒病流行。单株番茄单头烟粉虱带毒,即可引起番茄侵染病毒,随着虫口密度的增加,发病株率及发病程度增加。烟粉虱在感染番茄黄化曲叶病毒植株上获毒15 min后即可传毒,并能够引起23.9%的无毒植株染病,获毒720 min时,植株感病率高达95.6%,传毒效率与获毒时间呈正相关关系。陕西关中地区为番茄黄化曲叶病毒病为害严重地区,越夏茬番茄发病最严重,其次是秋延茬和越冬茬,烟粉虱的密度、带毒率、传毒效能是传播番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的关键因子,有效切断烟粉虱的传播以及避开烟粉虱的发生高峰期是制定番茄黄化曲叶病毒病防治策略的科学基础。
The paper aims to clarify the occurrence scope of tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease(TYLCVD) in Shaanxi Province, the incidence of different cropping stubble and the effect of Bemisia tabaci on TYLCVD,providing a basis for the prevention and control of virus disease. The effect of B. tabaci on the infection cycle ofTYLCVD was studied by means of regular field census and artificial inoculation. The results show thatTYLCVD is generally common in tomato cultivation areas in Shaanxi. The most serious disease occurs inWeinan, Yan'an, Xi'an and Xianyang, with an average incidence of 52.3% and a disease index of 32.6. Thedisease does not occur in Hanzhong. The disease of the summer stubble is the most serious, with an averageincidence of 94.8%, an average disease index of 53.8, and an average yield reduction of 74.0%, the disease ofautumn stubble and winter stubble are the second, and the disease of the early spring stubble is the lightest.The occurrence period of B. tabaci coincides with the virus disease, the virus epidemic occurs in field 20-25 days after the occurrence of B. tabaci at low density, and 10-15 days after the occurrence of high density. Anindividual tomato with a single veneniferous B. tabaci could cause tomato infection virus, with the increase ofthe population density, the incidence and degree of disease increase in turn. After being infected withTYLCVD for 15 minutes, the B. tabaci can transmit the virus and cause 23.9% non-toxic plant diseases. The susceptibility rate reaches 95.6% after 720 minutes and the transmission efficiency is positively correlated with the time of poisoning. In Shaanxi Province, TYLCVD is serious in Guanzhong area, the most serious disease is found in summer stubble, followed by that in autumn stubble and winter stubble. The density, toxicity and virulence efficacy of B. tabaci are the key factors for transmission of TYLCVD. Effective cutting off the transmission of B. tabaci and avoiding the occurrence peak of B. tabaci are the scientific basis for formulating the control strategy of TYLCVD.
The paper aims to clarify the occurrence scope of tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease(TYLCVD) in Shaanxi Province, the incidence of different cropping stubble and the effect of Bemisia tabaci on TYLCVD,providing a basis for the prevention and control of virus disease. The effect of B. tabaci on the infection cycle ofTYLCVD was studied by means of regular field census and artificial inoculation. The results show thatTYLCVD is generally common in tomato cultivation areas in Shaanxi. The most serious disease occurs inWeinan, Yan'an, Xi'an and Xianyang, with an average incidence of 52.3% and a disease index of 32.6. Thedisease does not occur in Hanzhong. The disease of the summer stubble is the most serious, with an averageincidence of 94.8%, an average disease index of 53.8, and an average yield reduction of 74.0%, the disease ofautumn stubble and winter stubble are the second, and the disease of the early spring stubble is the lightest.The occurrence period of B. tabaci coincides with the virus disease, the virus epidemic occurs in field 20-25 days after the occurrence of B. tabaci at low density, and 10-15 days after the occurrence of high density. Anindividual tomato with a single veneniferous B. tabaci could cause tomato infection virus, with the increase ofthe population density, the incidence and degree of disease increase in turn. After being infected withTYLCVD for 15 minutes, the B. tabaci can transmit the virus and cause 23.9% non-toxic plant diseases. The susceptibility rate reaches 95.6% after 720 minutes and the transmission efficiency is positively correlated with the time of poisoning. In Shaanxi Province, TYLCVD is serious in Guanzhong area, the most serious disease is found in summer stubble, followed by that in autumn stubble and winter stubble. The density, toxicity and virulence efficacy of B. tabaci are the key factors for transmission of TYLCVD. Effective cutting off the transmission of B. tabaci and avoiding the occurrence peak of B. tabaci are the scientific basis for formulating the control strategy of TYLCVD.
引文
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[2]李延刚,李长松.番茄黄化曲叶病毒病研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(2):90-94.
[3]张纯胄,吴永汉,许方程.温州市番茄曲叶病毒病的发生与防治对策[J].浙江农业科学,2007(6):697-701.
[4]Moffat A S.Plant pathology:geminiviruses emerge as serious cropthreat[J].Science,1999,286:1835.
[5]张芝利,罗晨,我国烟粉虱的发生危害和防治对策[J].植物保护,2001,27(2):25-30.
[6]周雪平,崔晓峰,陶小荣,双生病毒--一类值得重视的植物病毒[J].植物病理学报,2003,33(6):487-492.
[7]刘晨,陈志杰,张锋,等.烟粉虱带毒率与番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的发生关系[J].西北农业学报2016,25(8):1244-1249.
[8]买热木古丽·克依木,李晶,王惠卿,等.新疆地区烟粉虱携带番茄黄化曲叶病毒动态检测[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(3):455-463.
[9]Jones D R.Plant viruses transmitted by whiteflies[J].European Journal of Plant Pathology,2003,109(3):195-219.
[10]De Barro P J,Liu S S,Boykin L M,et al.Bemisia tabaci:Astatement of species status[J].Annual Review of Entomology,2011,56:1-19.
[11]Fauquet C M,Briddon R W,Brown J K,et al.Geminivirus strain demarcation and nomenclature[J].Archives of Virology,2008,153(4):783-821.
[12]张前荣,李大忠,朱海生,等,番茄黄化曲叶病毒研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(9):3709-3716.
[13]吴篆芳,曹坳程,郑建秋,等.番茄黄化曲叶病毒研究进展[J].作物杂志,2013,1:18-25.
[14]史苹香,王冬生,滕海媛,等.上海地区烟粉虱生物型的鉴定[J].江西农业大学学报,2012,34(2):276-281.
[15]褚栋,张友军,丛斌,等.云南Q型烟粉虱种群的鉴定[J].昆虫知识,2005,42(1):54-56.
[16]潘慧鹏,戈大庆,王少丽,等.在北京和河北局部地区Q型烟粉虱取代了B型烟粉虱[J].植物保护,2010,36(6):40-44.
[17]李常保,崔彦铃,张丽英.番茄黄化曲叶病毒的快速分子检测[J].遗传,2012,34(3):366-370.
[18]朱云聪,邓宇芳,何顺,等.基于Real-time PCR监测番茄黄化曲叶病毒在番茄植株中的动态变化[J].植物病理学报,2014,44(4):363-369.
[19]李萌.烟粉虱-双生病毒-寄主植物互作及植物防御机制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010:1-109.
[20]周涛,师迎春,陈笑瑜,等.北京地区番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的鉴定及防治对策[J].植物保护,2010,36(2):116-118.
[21]宋建军,刘红宵,仇燕,等.番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的发生分布及防治对策[J].北方园艺,2010(7):147-150.
[22]张蕊蕊,李萌,许方程,等.媒介虫口密度、植株苗龄及温度对B型烟粉虱传播台湾番茄曲叶病毒的影响[J].植物保护学报,2010,37(1):1-6.
[23]卫静,王小伟,刘树生.烟粉虱传播双生病毒的特性及分子机制研究进展[J].昆虫学报,2015,58(4):445-453.
[24]周一万,陈丽,郝双红,等.关中地区番茄病毒病毒原种类调查及药剂防治实验[J].西北农业学报,2003,12(4):56-59.
[25]买热木古丽·克依木,李晶,王惠卿,等.新疆地区烟粉虱携带番茄黄化曲叶病毒动态检测[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(3):455-463.
[26]Mehta P,Wyman J A,Nakhla M K,et al.Transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus by Bemisia tabaci(Homoptera:Aleyrodidae)[J].J Econ Entomol,1994,87(5):1291-1297.
[27]张锋,刘晨,杨苗苗,等.关中地区温室越冬茬番茄黄化曲叶病毒病分子鉴定及流行规律[J].植物保护学报,2017,44(2):246-252
[2]李延刚,李长松.番茄黄化曲叶病毒病研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(2):90-94.
[3]张纯胄,吴永汉,许方程.温州市番茄曲叶病毒病的发生与防治对策[J].浙江农业科学,2007(6):697-701.
[4]Moffat A S.Plant pathology:geminiviruses emerge as serious cropthreat[J].Science,1999,286:1835.
[5]张芝利,罗晨,我国烟粉虱的发生危害和防治对策[J].植物保护,2001,27(2):25-30.
[6]周雪平,崔晓峰,陶小荣,双生病毒--一类值得重视的植物病毒[J].植物病理学报,2003,33(6):487-492.
[7]刘晨,陈志杰,张锋,等.烟粉虱带毒率与番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的发生关系[J].西北农业学报2016,25(8):1244-1249.
[8]买热木古丽·克依木,李晶,王惠卿,等.新疆地区烟粉虱携带番茄黄化曲叶病毒动态检测[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(3):455-463.
[9]Jones D R.Plant viruses transmitted by whiteflies[J].European Journal of Plant Pathology,2003,109(3):195-219.
[10]De Barro P J,Liu S S,Boykin L M,et al.Bemisia tabaci:Astatement of species status[J].Annual Review of Entomology,2011,56:1-19.
[11]Fauquet C M,Briddon R W,Brown J K,et al.Geminivirus strain demarcation and nomenclature[J].Archives of Virology,2008,153(4):783-821.
[12]张前荣,李大忠,朱海生,等,番茄黄化曲叶病毒研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(9):3709-3716.
[13]吴篆芳,曹坳程,郑建秋,等.番茄黄化曲叶病毒研究进展[J].作物杂志,2013,1:18-25.
[14]史苹香,王冬生,滕海媛,等.上海地区烟粉虱生物型的鉴定[J].江西农业大学学报,2012,34(2):276-281.
[15]褚栋,张友军,丛斌,等.云南Q型烟粉虱种群的鉴定[J].昆虫知识,2005,42(1):54-56.
[16]潘慧鹏,戈大庆,王少丽,等.在北京和河北局部地区Q型烟粉虱取代了B型烟粉虱[J].植物保护,2010,36(6):40-44.
[17]李常保,崔彦铃,张丽英.番茄黄化曲叶病毒的快速分子检测[J].遗传,2012,34(3):366-370.
[18]朱云聪,邓宇芳,何顺,等.基于Real-time PCR监测番茄黄化曲叶病毒在番茄植株中的动态变化[J].植物病理学报,2014,44(4):363-369.
[19]李萌.烟粉虱-双生病毒-寄主植物互作及植物防御机制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010:1-109.
[20]周涛,师迎春,陈笑瑜,等.北京地区番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的鉴定及防治对策[J].植物保护,2010,36(2):116-118.
[21]宋建军,刘红宵,仇燕,等.番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的发生分布及防治对策[J].北方园艺,2010(7):147-150.
[22]张蕊蕊,李萌,许方程,等.媒介虫口密度、植株苗龄及温度对B型烟粉虱传播台湾番茄曲叶病毒的影响[J].植物保护学报,2010,37(1):1-6.
[23]卫静,王小伟,刘树生.烟粉虱传播双生病毒的特性及分子机制研究进展[J].昆虫学报,2015,58(4):445-453.
[24]周一万,陈丽,郝双红,等.关中地区番茄病毒病毒原种类调查及药剂防治实验[J].西北农业学报,2003,12(4):56-59.
[25]买热木古丽·克依木,李晶,王惠卿,等.新疆地区烟粉虱携带番茄黄化曲叶病毒动态检测[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(3):455-463.
[26]Mehta P,Wyman J A,Nakhla M K,et al.Transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus by Bemisia tabaci(Homoptera:Aleyrodidae)[J].J Econ Entomol,1994,87(5):1291-1297.
[27]张锋,刘晨,杨苗苗,等.关中地区温室越冬茬番茄黄化曲叶病毒病分子鉴定及流行规律[J].植物保护学报,2017,44(2):246-252