2015-2017年广州市手足口病流行特征分析结果
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摘要
目的分析2015-2017年广州市手足口病流行病学特征,为手足口病防控提供参考依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2015-2017年广州市手足口病发病相关信息进行统计分析。结果 2015-2017年广州市共报告201291例手足口病病例,年均发病率为496. 93/10万,重症病例6例,死亡病例1例。男女发病比例为1. 55∶1。全年均有病例报告,发病高峰在5～7月(98 280例,占48. 82%),9～10月为第2个发病小高峰(49 548例,占24. 62%)。5岁以下儿童为主要发病人群(181 300例,占90. 08%),其中散发儿童最多(155 428例,占77. 22%)。实验室确诊病例以其他肠道病毒引起的病例为主(5 604例,占74. 96%),2017年EV 71病毒比例有所上升(604例,占29. 12%)。结论手足口病夏秋季为发病高峰,5岁以下儿童为防控重点,由于EV 71型病毒较活跃,医疗机构应加强重症病例的早期诊断与救治,疾控部门应拓宽渠道,加强手足口病防治知识宣传教育。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease( HFMD) from 2015 to 2017 and provide evidence for HFMD prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to statistically analyze the reported data of HFMD in Guangzhou City from 2015 to 2017. Results From 2015 to 2017,a total of 201 291 HFMD cases were reported in Guangzhou,with an average annual incidence rate of 496. 93/100 000,including 6 severe cases and 1 death case. The sex ratio of male to female was 1. 55∶ 1. Case reports were reported throughout the year. The two incidence peaks were from May to July( 98 280 cases,accounting for 48. 82%) and from September to October( 49 548 cases,accounting for 24. 62%). Most of the HFMD cases( 181 300 cases,90. 08%) were below 5 years old,which mainly came from scattered children( 155 428 cases,77. 22%). Other intestinal virus,with the positive rate of 74. 96%( 5 604 cases),was predominated in the experimental confirmed cases,but the cases of EV 71 virus cases were increased to 604 with the positive rate of29. 12% in 2017. Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease peaked in summer and autumn. Children below 5 years old were the main group for the prevention and control. Due to the active EV 71 virus,medical institutions should reinforce the ability to detect and cure the severe illness. The CDC should try more ways to strengthen health education.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease( HFMD) from 2015 to 2017 and provide evidence for HFMD prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to statistically analyze the reported data of HFMD in Guangzhou City from 2015 to 2017. Results From 2015 to 2017,a total of 201 291 HFMD cases were reported in Guangzhou,with an average annual incidence rate of 496. 93/100 000,including 6 severe cases and 1 death case. The sex ratio of male to female was 1. 55∶ 1. Case reports were reported throughout the year. The two incidence peaks were from May to July( 98 280 cases,accounting for 48. 82%) and from September to October( 49 548 cases,accounting for 24. 62%). Most of the HFMD cases( 181 300 cases,90. 08%) were below 5 years old,which mainly came from scattered children( 155 428 cases,77. 22%). Other intestinal virus,with the positive rate of 74. 96%( 5 604 cases),was predominated in the experimental confirmed cases,but the cases of EV 71 virus cases were increased to 604 with the positive rate of29. 12% in 2017. Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease peaked in summer and autumn. Children below 5 years old were the main group for the prevention and control. Due to the active EV 71 virus,medical institutions should reinforce the ability to detect and cure the severe illness. The CDC should try more ways to strengthen health education.
引文
[1]胡跃华,肖革新,郭莹,等. 2008-2011年中国大陆手足口病流行特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2014,18(8):693-697.
[2]卫生部.手足口病预防控制指南(2009)版[Z]. 2009-06-04.
[3]陈纯,肖新才,谢华萍,等. 2008-2013年广州市手足口病流行病学特征研究[J].疾病监测,2014,29(12):964-968.
[4]杨永平,黄凯,黄东红,等. 2013-2017年深圳市龙岗区坪地街道手足口病流行特征分析[J].华南预防医学,2018,44(4):342-345.
[5]刘立亚,宏伟,吴华峰,等. 2010-2012年河北省任丘市手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中国基层医药,2014,21(9):1288-1289.
[6]傅涛,叶晓军,骆淑英,等. 2008-2016年浙江省义乌市手足口病流行特征研究[J].疾病监测,2018,33(1):50-53.
[7]邹文菁,占建波,李静,等.湖北省2015年手足口病实验室确诊情况分析[J].医学动物防制,2017,33(7):801-803.
[8]李檬言,林燕,郑尔达,等. 2016-2017年云南省手足口病流行及病原学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(18):3289-3292.
[9]田辉,杨培荣,巨洲峰,等.气象因素对手足口病发病影响及预测模型分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(4):451-453.
[10]嵇红,单军,魏明伟,等.江苏省5岁以下儿童2009-2014年手足口病流行病学特征[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(7):1067-1071.
[11]孙景異,崔海洋,曲倩倩.北京西城区托幼机构手足口病密切接触者感染状况及危险因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(6):939-941.
[12]闫革彬,李宏通,唐雅清,等. 2010年北京市昌平区手足口病流行特征分析[J].疾病监测,2012,27(1):11-13.
[13]林春燕,王明昌,曾小平,等.海口市2008-2015年手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(12):1615-1618.
[2]卫生部.手足口病预防控制指南(2009)版[Z]. 2009-06-04.
[3]陈纯,肖新才,谢华萍,等. 2008-2013年广州市手足口病流行病学特征研究[J].疾病监测,2014,29(12):964-968.
[4]杨永平,黄凯,黄东红,等. 2013-2017年深圳市龙岗区坪地街道手足口病流行特征分析[J].华南预防医学,2018,44(4):342-345.
[5]刘立亚,宏伟,吴华峰,等. 2010-2012年河北省任丘市手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中国基层医药,2014,21(9):1288-1289.
[6]傅涛,叶晓军,骆淑英,等. 2008-2016年浙江省义乌市手足口病流行特征研究[J].疾病监测,2018,33(1):50-53.
[7]邹文菁,占建波,李静,等.湖北省2015年手足口病实验室确诊情况分析[J].医学动物防制,2017,33(7):801-803.
[8]李檬言,林燕,郑尔达,等. 2016-2017年云南省手足口病流行及病原学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(18):3289-3292.
[9]田辉,杨培荣,巨洲峰,等.气象因素对手足口病发病影响及预测模型分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(4):451-453.
[10]嵇红,单军,魏明伟,等.江苏省5岁以下儿童2009-2014年手足口病流行病学特征[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(7):1067-1071.
[11]孙景異,崔海洋,曲倩倩.北京西城区托幼机构手足口病密切接触者感染状况及危险因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(6):939-941.
[12]闫革彬,李宏通,唐雅清,等. 2010年北京市昌平区手足口病流行特征分析[J].疾病监测,2012,27(1):11-13.
[13]林春燕,王明昌,曾小平,等.海口市2008-2015年手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(12):1615-1618.