阻锈剂的掺入方式对全珊瑚海水混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的影响
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摘要
采用线性极化电阻法(LPR)和电化学阻抗谱法(EIS),系统研究了暴露时间、阻锈剂种类及掺入方式对全珊瑚海水混凝土(CASC)中钢筋腐蚀的影响。结果表明:随着暴露时间的延长,不掺及同掺阻锈剂的普通钢筋自腐蚀电位(E_(corr))、极化电阻(R_p)和电荷转移电阻(R_(ct))均逐渐降低;而暴露90 d后,预吸阻锈剂的普通钢筋E_(corr)、R_p和R_(ct)均有增长的趋势,说明以预吸掺入的阻锈剂,不断地由珊瑚骨料向外释放,使得混凝土中有效的阻锈成分不断补充,一定程度上增大了Cl-通过混凝土传到钢筋表面的阻力,延缓了钢筋的锈蚀。此外,无论是掺入亚硝酸钙阻锈剂(CN)还是氨基醇类阻锈剂(AA),对普通钢筋抵抗锈蚀的能力均有不同程度的提高,且随着暴露时间的延长,CN阻锈效果的衰减速率高于AA的。因此,对于海洋岛礁工程中的CASC结构,建议以预吸的方式掺入AA,有利于减弱钢筋对Cl~-腐蚀的敏感性,提高CASC抗Cl~-扩散渗透能力,从而延缓钢筋开始腐蚀时间,降低锈蚀的速率,达到延长CASC结构服役寿命的目的。
The effect of inhibitors on corrosion behavior of reinforced bar in coral aggregate seawater concrete(CASC) in artificial sea water was studied by means of linear polarization resistance method(LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS). Two inhibitors, calcium nitrite rust inhibitor(CN) and amino-alcohol rust inhibitor(AA) are concerned, while two ways are adopted for mixing inhibitor into the concrete, namely, the inhibitor was directly dissolved into the seawater(ordinary way) and absorbed onto the coral aggregate(pre-absorbed way). The results show that for CASC concretes without and with inhibitor added via ordinary way, E_(corr), R_p and R_(ct) decreased with the extension of the exposure time, but for those with the pre-absorbed inhibitor, E_(corr), R_p and R_(ct) has a grown trend when exposure for 90 d, demonstrating that the pre-absorbed inhibitor onto the aggregate would gradually and continuously be released into the concrete to increase its barrier effect to the migration of harmful Cl~-, therewith to alleviate the corrosion of the reinforced bar. Besides, the addition of CN or AA could enhance the corrosion resistance of the reinforcement bar, however the degradation rate of anticorrosion effectiveness of CN was higher than that of AA. Therefore, for marine engineering structures made of CASC on islands and reefs, it was suggested to adopt the pre-absorbed AA, which could prolong the time for the corrosion initiation of reinforced bar, reduce the corrosion rate and prolong the service life of the CASC structures.
The effect of inhibitors on corrosion behavior of reinforced bar in coral aggregate seawater concrete(CASC) in artificial sea water was studied by means of linear polarization resistance method(LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS). Two inhibitors, calcium nitrite rust inhibitor(CN) and amino-alcohol rust inhibitor(AA) are concerned, while two ways are adopted for mixing inhibitor into the concrete, namely, the inhibitor was directly dissolved into the seawater(ordinary way) and absorbed onto the coral aggregate(pre-absorbed way). The results show that for CASC concretes without and with inhibitor added via ordinary way, E_(corr), R_p and R_(ct) decreased with the extension of the exposure time, but for those with the pre-absorbed inhibitor, E_(corr), R_p and R_(ct) has a grown trend when exposure for 90 d, demonstrating that the pre-absorbed inhibitor onto the aggregate would gradually and continuously be released into the concrete to increase its barrier effect to the migration of harmful Cl~-, therewith to alleviate the corrosion of the reinforced bar. Besides, the addition of CN or AA could enhance the corrosion resistance of the reinforcement bar, however the degradation rate of anticorrosion effectiveness of CN was higher than that of AA. Therefore, for marine engineering structures made of CASC on islands and reefs, it was suggested to adopt the pre-absorbed AA, which could prolong the time for the corrosion initiation of reinforced bar, reduce the corrosion rate and prolong the service life of the CASC structures.
引文
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[20]Da B,Yu H F,Ma H Y,et al.Experimental investigation of whole stress-strain curves of coral concrete[J].Constr.Build.Mater.,2016,122:81
[21]Xu C.Electrochemical characterization and related inspection and monitoring technology of reinforcement corrosion in concrete structure[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2012(许晨.混凝土结构钢筋锈蚀电化学表征与相关检监测技术[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012)
[22]He H Z,Cui Y L,Shi M L,et al.Real time monitoring of corrosion of rebar in concrete[J].J.Build.Mater.,2013,16:50(贺鸿珠,崔玉理,史美伦等.混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的实时监测[J].建筑材料学报,2013,16:50)
[23]Cao Z L,Xiao P,Hibino M.Application research review on nitritebased corrosion inhibitors[J].Concrete,2011,(10):49(曹忠露,肖鹏,日比野诚.亚硝酸钙阻锈剂的应用研究综述[J].混凝土,2011,(10):49)
[24]Chen C C,Zhou W L,Liu J P.Efficiency of new organic corrosion inhibitor for rebar in concrete[J].J.Build.Mater.,2011,14:136(陈翠翠,周伟玲,刘加平.新型有机阻锈剂对钢筋的阻锈作用[J].建筑材料学报,2011,14:136)
[2]Wang X Z.Study on engineering geological properties of coral reefs and feasibility of large project construction on Nansha Islands[D].Wuhan:Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,The Chinese Academy of Sciences,2008(王新志.南沙群岛珊瑚礁工程地质特性及大型工程建设可行性研究[D].武汉:中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,2008)
[3]Da B,Yu H F,Ma H Y,et al.Chloride diffusion study of coral concrete in a marine environment[J].Constr.Build.Mater.,2016,123:47
[4]Song H W,Lee C H,Ann K Y.Factors influencing chloride transport in concrete structures exposed to marine environments[J].Cem.Concr.Compos.,2008,30:113
[5]Angst U,Elsener B,Larsen C K,et al.Critical chloride content in reinforced concrete-a review[J].Cem.Concr.Res.,2009,39:1122
[6]Luciano J,Miltenberger M.Predicting chloride diffusion coefficients from concrete mixture proportions[J].Mater.J.,1999,96:698
[7]Scholer C H.Examination and study of certain structures in the Pacific Ocean Area[R].California:U.S.Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory,1959
[8]Howdyshell P A.The use of coral as an aggregate for portland cement concrete structures[R].Springfield:U.S.Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory,1974
[9]Tehada T,Funahashi M.Cathodic protection of building reinforcing steel[R].Orlando:NACE International,2005
[10]Wattanachai P,Otsuki N,Saito T,et al.A study on chloride ion diffusivity of porous aggregate concretes and improvement method[J].Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu,2009,65E:30
[11]Kakooei S,Akil H M,Dolati A,et al.The corrosion investigation of rebar embedded in the fibers reinforced concrete[J].Constr.Build.Mater.,2012,35:564
[12]Kakooei S,Akil H M,Jamshidi M,et al.The effects of polypropylene fibers on the properties of reinforced concrete structures[J].Constr.Build.Mater.,2012,27:73
[13]Wang F,Zha X X.Experimental and theoretical study on coral concrete filled steel tube[J].J.Build.Struct.,2013,34(S1):288(王芳,查晓雄.钢管珊瑚混凝土试验和理论研究[J].建筑结构学报,2013,34(S1):288)
[14]Da B,Yu H F,Ma H Y,et al.Factors influencing durability of coral concrete structure in the South China Sea[J].J.Chin.Ceram.Soc.,2016,44:253(达波,余红发,麻海燕等.南海海域珊瑚混凝土结构的耐久性影响因素[J].硅酸盐学报,2016,44:253)
[15]Da B,Yu H F,Ma H Y,et al.Surface free chloride concentration and apparent chloride diffusion coefficient of coral seawater concrete[J].J.Southeast Univ.(Nat.Sci.Ed.),2016,46:1093(达波,余红发,麻海燕等.全珊瑚海水混凝土的表面自由氯离子浓度和表观氯离子扩散系数[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,46:1093)
[16]Luo H,Dong C F,Li X G,et al.The electrochemical behaviour of2205 duplex stainless steel in alkaline solutions with different pHin the presence of chloride[J].Electrochim.Acta,2012,64:211
[17]Alsabagh A M,Elsabee M Z,Moustafa Y M,et al.Corrosion inhibition efficiency of some hydrophobically modified chitosan surfactants in relation to their surface active properties[J].Egypt.J.Pet.,2014,23:349
[18]Shabani-Nooshabadi M,Ghandchi M S.Santolina chamaecyparissus extract as a natural source inhibitor for 304 stainless steel corrosion in 3.5%NaCl[J].J.Ind.Eng.Chem.,2015,31:231
[19]Millard S G,Gowers K R,Gill J S.Reinforcement corrosion assessment using linear polarisation techniques[J].ACI Spec.Publ.,1991,128:373
[20]Da B,Yu H F,Ma H Y,et al.Experimental investigation of whole stress-strain curves of coral concrete[J].Constr.Build.Mater.,2016,122:81
[21]Xu C.Electrochemical characterization and related inspection and monitoring technology of reinforcement corrosion in concrete structure[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2012(许晨.混凝土结构钢筋锈蚀电化学表征与相关检监测技术[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012)
[22]He H Z,Cui Y L,Shi M L,et al.Real time monitoring of corrosion of rebar in concrete[J].J.Build.Mater.,2013,16:50(贺鸿珠,崔玉理,史美伦等.混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的实时监测[J].建筑材料学报,2013,16:50)
[23]Cao Z L,Xiao P,Hibino M.Application research review on nitritebased corrosion inhibitors[J].Concrete,2011,(10):49(曹忠露,肖鹏,日比野诚.亚硝酸钙阻锈剂的应用研究综述[J].混凝土,2011,(10):49)
[24]Chen C C,Zhou W L,Liu J P.Efficiency of new organic corrosion inhibitor for rebar in concrete[J].J.Build.Mater.,2011,14:136(陈翠翠,周伟玲,刘加平.新型有机阻锈剂对钢筋的阻锈作用[J].建筑材料学报,2011,14:136)