关于大栅栏城市发展的时间性问题
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摘要
城市化发展面临着不同的时间性问题,这种时间性可以分为生活的与事物的。"大栅栏更新计划"主要关注在当地居民及其文化与需求,因此该项目可以被视为一个正在进行中的有机过程,体现了社会节奏及其异质性。此外,文化遗产的保护和相关方面的新认识,与文物的时间性以及对传统的坚守之间有着紧密的结合。其核心包含不同的历史模式,对文化更新的理解影响重大。本文把不同的时间性问题整合在一起,指出"大栅栏更新计划"在历史更新过程中,对传统在城市发展中所扮演的角色这一话题进行全新尝试,并思考其带来的哲学影响。
Urban development is confronted with different temporalities,which can be divided into those of life and of things.Since Dashilar Project describes an ongoing organic growth as it pays more attention to the locals,their culture and needs,it addresses the social rhythms and their heterogeneities.In addition,the preservation and new awareness of cultural heritage has its genuine conjunction with the temporalities of cultural objects and uphold of tradition.At its core,there are different models of history and anachronisms,which strongly affects the understanding of cultural renewal.The article brings together these different temporalities to point out that Dashilar Project represents a new approach to the role of tradition in urban development that has to be considered in its philosophical impact.
Urban development is confronted with different temporalities,which can be divided into those of life and of things.Since Dashilar Project describes an ongoing organic growth as it pays more attention to the locals,their culture and needs,it addresses the social rhythms and their heterogeneities.In addition,the preservation and new awareness of cultural heritage has its genuine conjunction with the temporalities of cultural objects and uphold of tradition.At its core,there are different models of history and anachronisms,which strongly affects the understanding of cultural renewal.The article brings together these different temporalities to point out that Dashilar Project represents a new approach to the role of tradition in urban development that has to be considered in its philosophical impact.
引文
(1)关于这种庭院式结构的历史及其在北京中产阶级意识形态中所扮演的角色可追溯到20世纪50年代,可参考:Yu,S.Courtyard in conflict:the transformation of Beijing’s Siheyuan during revolution and gentrification.The Journal of Architecture,2007(8):1337-1365.
(2)Luhmann,N.Soziologische Aufkl?rung 5.Konstruktivistische Perspektiven.Opladen:Westdeutscher Verlag,1990:113.
(3)Nowotny,H.Eigenzeit.Entstehung und Strukturierung eines Zeitgefühls.Frankfurt am Main:Suhrkamp,1989.
(4)Lefebvre,H.Rhythmanalysis.Space,Time and Everyday Life.London/New York:Continuum,2004(French 1992).
(5)Nguyen,V.Slow Construction:Alternative temporalities and tactics in the new landscape of China’s urban development.City,2017(5):660.
(6)Lee,B.K.&Sohn,S.Y.&Yang,S.Design guidelines for the Dashilar,Beijing Open Green Space Redevelopment Project.Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2014(13):385-396.
(7)Phillips,P.C.Temporality and Public Art.Art Journal,Critical Issues in Public Art,1989(4):331.
(8)Phillips,P.C.Temporality and Public Art.Art Journal,Critical Issues in Public Art,1989(4):332.
(9)Phillips,P.C.Temporality and Public Art.Art Journal,Critical Issues in Public Art,1989(4):335.
(10)Lefebvre,H.Rhythmanalysis.Space,Time and Everyday Life.London/New York:Continuum,2004.
(11)Kubler,G.The Shape of Time:Remarks on the History of Things.New Haven/London:Yale University Press,1962.
(12)Rancière,J.Le concept d'anachronisme et la verite de l'historien.L’Inactuel 6,1996:53-68.
(13)Ren,X.Olympic Beijing:Reflections on Urban Space and Global Connectivity.The International Journal of the History of Sport,2009(8):1021.
(14)关于年代倒错的观点在这里被作为一种对时间的模式提出质疑的方式,这种方式为历史的观念提供了基础。然而,这是一种西方式的观点,必须融入中国对现代性多元化的思考。尽管如此,这依然是一种更具有批判性的思考方式。
(15)Conservation Plan for Twenty-Five Beijing Old City Historical and Cultural Conservation Areas.Chinese Law&Government,2016(3):245-253.
(16)Ren,X.Olympic Beijing:Reflections on Urban Space and Global Connectivity.The International Journal of the History of Sport,2009(8):1024.
(17)Ren,X.Olympic Beijing:Reflections on Urban Space and Global Connectivity.The International Journal of the History of Sport,2009(8):1025.
(18)Ren,X.Olympic Beijing:Reflections on Urban Space and Global Connectivity.The International Journal of the History of Sport,2009(8):1028.
(19)见:http://www.dashilar.org
(20)Lyotard,J.-F.The Postmodern Condition:A Report on Knowledge.Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press,1984(French 1979).
(1)For the history of the courtyard structure and its ideological role in the gentrification of Beijing since the 1950s see:Yu,S.Courtyard in conflict:the transformation of Beijing’s Siheyuan during revolution and gentrification.The Journal of Architecture,2007(8):1337-1365.
(2)Luhmann,N.Soziologische Aufkl?rung 5.Konstruktivistische Perspektiven.Opladen:Westdeutscher Verlag,1990:113.
(3)Nowotny,H.Eigenzeit.Entstehung und Strukturierung eines Zeitgefühls.Frankfurt am Main:Suhrkamp,1989.
(4)Lefebvre,H.Rhythmanalysis.Space,Time and Everyday Life.London/New York:Continuum,2004(French 1992).
(5)Nguyen,V.Slow Construction:Alternative temporalities and tactics in the new landscape of China’s urban development.City,2017(5):660.
(6)Lee,B.K.&Sohn,S.Y.&Yang,S.Design guidelines for the Dashilar,Beijing Open Green Space Redevelopment Project.Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2014(13):385-396.
(7)Phillips,P.C.Temporality and Public Art.Art Journal,Critical Issues in Public Art,1989(4):331.
(8)Phillips,P.C.Temporality and Public Art.Art Journal,Critical Issues in Public Art,1989(4):332.
(9)Phillips,P.C.Temporality and Public Art.Art Journal,Critical Issues in Public Art,1989(4):335.
(10)Lefebvre,H.Rhythmanalysis.Space,Time and Everyday Life.London/New York:Continuum,2004.
(11)Kubler,G.The Shape of Time:Remarks on the History of Things.New Haven/London:Yale University Press,1962.
(12)Rancière,J.Le concept d'anachronisme et la verite de l'historien.L’Inactuel 6,1996:53-68.
(13)Ren,X.Olympic Beijing:Reflections on Urban Space and Global Connectivity.The International Journal of the History of Sport,2009(8):1021.
(14)关于年代倒错的观点在这里被作为一种对时间的模式提出质疑的方式,这种方式为历史的观念提供了基础。然而,这是一种西方式的观点,必须融入中国对现代性多元化的思考。尽管如此,这依然是一种更具有批判性的思考方式。
(15)Conservation Plan for Twenty-Five Beijing Old City Historical and Cultural Conservation Areas.Chinese Law&Government,2016(3):245-253.
(16)Ren,X.Olympic Beijing:Reflections on Urban Space and Global Connectivity.The International Journal of the History of Sport,2009(8):1024.
(17)Ren,X.Olympic Beijing:Reflections on Urban Space and Global Connectivity.The International Journal of the History of Sport,2009(8):1025.
(18)Ren,X.Olympic Beijing:Reflections on Urban Space and Global Connectivity.The International Journal of the History of Sport,2009(8):1028.
(19)见:http://www.dashilar.org
(20)Lyotard,J.-F.The Postmodern Condition:A Report on Knowledge.Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press,1984(French 1979).
(1)For the history of the courtyard structure and its ideological role in the gentrification of Beijing since the 1950s see:Yu,S.Courtyard in conflict:the transformation of Beijing’s Siheyuan during revolution and gentrification.The Journal of Architecture,2007(8):1337-1365.