西方金融地理学的兴起、发展和学科地位的建立
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摘要
文章回顾了西方金融地理学近40年的萌芽、兴起和学科地位的建立。1980年代以来,随着西方发达国家尤其是英美经济体金融资本主义的崛起,金融地理的研究逐渐兴盛。西方金融地理学的发展基本经历了三个阶段,并且深受经济地理学研究范式和方法的影响。2007—2008年的全球金融危机给金融地理学的发展提供了一个契机,最近十年金融地理学的学科地位正式确立。金融地理学的分析框架体现了结构主义和后结构主义的融合,具体表现在:文化经济、制度、网络、金融化和"地理"的政治经济等研究方法在学科框架内实现了共存共生。
This paper reviews the germination, rise and establishment of western financial geography as a sub disciple of economic geography in the past 40 years. With the rise of financial capitalism in western developed countries, especially in Anglo-American economies, the research of financial geography has prospered since the 1980 s. The development of western financial geography has basically witnessed three stages and is deeply influenced by the research paradigms and approaches of economic geography. The global financial crisis of 2007-2008 provided an opportunity for the upgrade of financial geography, and then the academic status of financial geography as a sub discipline of economic geography has been officially established in the last decade. The analytical framework of financial geography embodies the integration of structuralism and post-structuralism, which is embedded in the following approaches-cultural economy, institutions,networks, financialization, and geographical poitical economy. These approaches have realized coexistence and symbiosis within the framework of financial geography.
This paper reviews the germination, rise and establishment of western financial geography as a sub disciple of economic geography in the past 40 years. With the rise of financial capitalism in western developed countries, especially in Anglo-American economies, the research of financial geography has prospered since the 1980 s. The development of western financial geography has basically witnessed three stages and is deeply influenced by the research paradigms and approaches of economic geography. The global financial crisis of 2007-2008 provided an opportunity for the upgrade of financial geography, and then the academic status of financial geography as a sub discipline of economic geography has been officially established in the last decade. The analytical framework of financial geography embodies the integration of structuralism and post-structuralism, which is embedded in the following approaches-cultural economy, institutions,networks, financialization, and geographical poitical economy. These approaches have realized coexistence and symbiosis within the framework of financial geography.
引文
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[2] Harvey D. The condition of postmodernity:an enquiry into the origins of cultural change[M]. Oxford:Blackwell,1989.
[3] Strange S. Casino capitalism[M]. Oxford:Blackwell,1986.
[4] Clark G L. London in the European financial services industry:locational advantage and product complementarities[J]. Journal of Economic Geography,2002,2(2):433-453.
[5] Clark G L. Money Flows like Mercury:the Geography of Global Finance[J]. Geografiska Annaler:Series B,Human Geography,2005,87(2):99-112.
[6] Clark G L,O'Connor K. The informational content of financial products and the spatial structure of the global finance industry[C]//Cox K(eds.)Spaces of globalization:Reasserting the power of the local. New York and London:Guilford Press,1997.
[7] Corbridge S,Martin R L,Thrift N(eds). Money,Power and Space[M]. Oxford:Blackwell,1994.
[8] Leyshon A. Geographies of money and financeⅢ[J]. Progress in Human Geography,1995,19:531-43.
[9] Leyshon A. Geographies of money and financeⅢ[J]. Progress in Human Geography,1997,21:381-92.
[10] Leyshon A. Geographies of money and financeⅢ[J]. Progress in Human Geography,1998,22:433-46.
[11] Leyshon A,Thrift N. Money/Space:Geographies of Monetary Transformation[M]. London:Routledge,1997.
[12] Martin R L(eds). Money and the Space Economy[M]. London:Wiley,1999.
[13] Thrift N. On the social and cultural determinants of international financial centres. The case of the city of London[C]//S Corbridge,R Martin N. Thrift(eds)Money,Power and Space. Oxford:Blackwell,1994.
[14] Aalbers M B. The financialization of home and the mortgage market crisis[J]. Competition and Change,2008(12):148-166.
[15] Christophers B. Geographies of financeⅢ:Historical geographies of the crisis-ridden present[J]. Progress in Human Geography,2014,38(2):285-293.
[16] Christophers B. The territorial fix:Price,power and profit in the geographies of markets[J]. Progress in Human Geography,2014,38(6):754-770.
[17] Christophers B. Geographies of financeⅢ:Crisis,space and political-economic transformation[J]. Progress in Human Geography,2015,39(2):205-213.
[18] Christophers B. Geographies of financeⅢ:Regulation and"after-crisis"financial futures[J]. Progress in Human Geography,2016,40(1):138-148.
[19] Christophers B. The Geographical Political Economy of Money and Finance after the Great Crisis:Beyond"Market Discipline"[C]//Handbook on the Geographies of Money and Finance. Edward Elgar Publishing,2017:51-68.
[20] Christophers B,Leyshon A,Mann G(eds.). Money and Finance after the Crisis:Critical Thinking for Uncertain Times[M]. Oxford:Wiley Blackwell,2017.
[21] Clark G L,Feldman M P,Gertler M S(eds.). The New Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,2018.
[22] French S,Leyshon A,and Wainwright T. Financializing space,spacing financialization[J]. Progress in Human Geography,2011,35(6):798-819.
[23] Hall S. Geographies of money and finance I:Cultural economy,politics and place[J]. Progress in Human Geography,2010,35(2):234-245.
[24] Hall S. Geographies of money and financeⅢ:Financialization and financial subjects[J]. Progress in Human Geography,2011,36(3):403-411.
[25] Hall S. Geographies of money and financeⅢ:Financial circuits and the"real economy"[J]. Progress in Human Geography,2012,37(2):285-292.
[26] Hall S. Rethinking international financial centres through the politics of territory:renminbi internationalisation in London’s financial district[J]. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,2017,42(4):489-502.
[27] Martin R L,Pollard J. Handbook on the Geographies of Money and Finance[M]. Chaltenham:EE,2017.
[28] Wójcik D. The Global Stock Market:Issuers,Investors,and Intermediaries in an Uneven World[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,2011.
[29] Wójcik D. Where governance fails:Advanced business services and the offshore world[J]. Progress in Human Geography,2013,37(3):330-347.
[30] Wójcik D.The Dark Side of NY-LON:Financial Centres and the Global Financial Crisis[J]. Urban Studies,2013,50(13):2736-2 752.
[31] Leyshon A,Tickell A. Money Order? The Discursive Construction of Bretton Woods and the Making and Breaking of Regulatory Space[J]. Environment and Planning A,1994,26(2):1 861-1 890.
[32] Harvey D. A Brief History of Neoliberalism[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,2007.
[33] Roberts R. A Guide to London’s Global Financial Centre(2nd Edition)[M]. London:Profile Books,2008.
[34] Aoyama Y,Murphy J T,Hanson S. Key Concepts in Economic Geography[M]. London:Sage,2011.
[35] Pryke M. Geographies of Economic Growth II:Money and Finance[C]//Leyshon A(eds). The SAGE Handbook of Economic Geography[M]. London:SAGE,2011.
[36] Lee R. Local money geographies of autonomy and resistance?[C]//R Martin(ed.)Money and the Space Economy. London:Wiley.
[37] Agnew J. The territorial trap:the geographical assumptions of international relations theory[J]. Review of International Political Economy,1994,1(1):53-80.
[38] Strange S. Mad Money[M]. Manchester:Manchester Univer sity Press,1998.
[39] Amin A,Thrift N. Living in the global[C]//A Amin,N Thrift(eds.).Globalization,Institutions and Regional Development in Europe. Oxford:Oxford University Press,1994.
[40] Eatwell J,Taylor L. Global Finance at Risk[M]. Cambridge:Polity Press,2000.
[41] Ingham G. The Nature of Money[M].Cambridge:Polity Press,2004.
[42] Amin A,Thrift N. Neo-Marshallian nodes in global networks[J]. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,1992,16(4):571-587.
[43] Clark G L. Pension funds and urban investment:four models of financial intermediation[J]. Environment and Planning A,1997,29:1 297-1 316.
[44] Clark G L. Rogues and regulation in global finance:Maxwell,Leeson and the City of London[J]. Regional Studies,1997,31:221-236.
[45] McDowell L. Capital Culture:Gender at Work in the City[M].Oxford:Blackwell,1997.
[46] Clark G L,Wójcik D. The Geography of Finance[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,2007.
[47] Dixon A. The New Geography of Capitalism:Firms,Finance,and Society[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,2014.
[48] Engelen E,Grote M H. Stock exchange virtualisation and the decline of second-tier financial centres—the cases of Amsterdam and Frankfurt[J]. Journal of Economic Geography,2009,9(5):679-696.
[49] Cohen B. The Geography of Money[M]. Ithaca:Cornell University Press,1998.
[50] Yeung H W. Rethinking relational economic geography[J].Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,2005(30):37-51.
[51] Taylor P J. The Interlocking Network Model[C]//Ben Derudder,Michael Hoyler,Peter J(eds.)The International Handbook of Globalization and World Cities. Cheltanham:Edward Elgar,2012.
[52] Taylor P J,Derudder B,Faulconbrdige J,Hoyler M and Ni P.Vital Positioning through the World City Network:Advanced Producer Service Firms as Strategic Networks,Global Cities as Strategic Places[J]. Economic Geography,2014,90(3):267-291.
[53] Coe N,Lai K,Wójcik D. Integrating Finance into Global Production Networks[J]. Regional Studies,2014,48(5):761-777.
[54] Engelen E. The Case for Financialization[J]. Competition and Change[J]. 2008,12(2):111-119.
[55] Lai K. Financial advisors,financial ecologies and the variegated financialisation of everyday investors[J]. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,2016,41(1):27-40.
[56] Sokol M. Towards a"newer"economic geography?Injecting finance and financialisation in economic geographies[J]. Cambridge Journal of Regions,Economy and Society,2013,6(3):501-515.
[57] Wójcik D,MacDonald-Korth D. The British and the German financial sectors in the wake of the crisis:size,structure and spatial concentration[J]. Journal of Economic Geography,2015,15(5):1 033-1 054.
[58] Klagge B,Martin R. Decentralized versus centralized financial systems:is there a case for local capital markets?[J]. Journal of Economic Geography,2005,5(4):387-421.
[59] Pryke M. This time it’s different and why it matters:the shifting geographies of money,finance and risks[C]//Martin R and Pollard J(eds.). Handbook on the Geographies of Money and Finance. Cheltenham:Edward Elgar,2017.
[60] Clark G L. Financial intermediation,infrastructure investment and regional growth[J]. Area Development and Policy,DOI:10.1080/23792949.2017.1345641.
[61] Clark G L. Pension Fund Capitalism[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,2000.
[62] Clark G L. The Financial Legacy of Pension Fund Capitalism[C]//Martin R and Pollard J.(eds.)Handbook on the Geographies of Money and Finance. Cheltenham:Edward Elgar,2017.
[63] Clark G L,Strauss K. and Knox-Hayes J. Saving for Retirement[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,2012.
[64] Clark G L,Dixon A D,Monk A H B. Sovereign Wealth Funds:Legitimacy,Governance and Global Power[M]. Princeton:Princeton University Press,2013.
[65] Dixon A. The State as Institutional Investor:Unpacking the Geographical Political Economy of Sovereign Wealth Funds[C]//Martin,R. and Pollard,J.(eds.)Handbook on the Geographies of Money and Finance. Cheltenham:Edward Elgar,2017.
[66] Clark G L. Governing finance:global imperatives and the challenge of reconciling community representation with expertise[J]. Economic Geography,2008,84(3):281-302.
[67] Clark G L. The Components of Talent:Company Size and Financial Centres in the European Investment Management Industry[J]. Regional Studies,2015,50(1):168-181.
[68] Clark G L,Monk A H B. The geography of investment management contracts:the UK,Europe and the global financial services industry[J]. Environment and Planning A,2014,46(3):531-549.
[69] Clark G L,Monk A H B. Institutional Investors in Global Markets[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,2017.
[70] Clark G L,Caerlewy-Smith E. and Marshall J C. Solutions to the asset allocation problem by informed respondents:the significance of the size-of-bet and the 1/n heuristic[J]. Risk Management and Insurance Review,2009,12(2):251-271.
[71] Clark G L,McGill S M,Saito Y. and Viehs M. Shareholder engagement in responsible investing:evidence from a UK institutional investor’s strategy in Japan[J]. Annals in Social Responsibility,2015,1(1):30-56.
[72] Clark G L,Viehs M.(2014)The Implications of Corporate Social Responsibility for Investors:An Overview and Evaluation of the Existing CSR Literature(August 17,2014). Available at SSRN:https://ssrn.com/abstract=2481877.
[73] Knight E R W. The economic geography of European carbon market trading[J]. Journal of Economic Geography,2011,11(5):817-841.
[74] Knox-Hayes J. Creating the Carbon Market Institution:Analy sis of the Organizations and Relationships That Build the Market[J]. Competition and Change. 14(3-4):176-202.
[75] Knox-Hayes J. Alternative Circuits of Capital:Parallel Economies of Environmental Finance[C]//Martin R and Pollard J.(eds.)Handbook on the Geographies of Money and Finance.Cheltenham:Edward Elgar,2017.
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