氯氰菊酯在茼蒿和油麦菜上的残留行为研究
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摘要
为考察氯氰菊酯在茼蒿和油麦菜上的残留行为,于2016年在山西、山东、天津、安徽、云南和河南进行了氯氰菊酯在茼蒿和油麦菜上的规范残留田间试验。两种作物均包括6地的最终残留量试验和1地的消解动态试验。按照现行的蔬菜中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留测定的国家标准方法对样品进行检测,对方法的有效性进行了评价。田间试验结果表明:氯氰菊酯在茼蒿和油麦菜上的消解动态均符合准一级动力学方程,消解半衰期分别为3.2 d和1.8 d。最后一次施药3、5和7 d后,氯氰菊酯在茼蒿上的残留中值分别为1.64、1.19和0.89 mg/kg,在油麦菜上的残留中值分别为0.84、0.50和0.28 mg/kg。结合不同试验点试验期间昼夜平均气温发现,气温对氯氰菊酯在茼蒿和油麦菜上的残留量有明显影响。施药期间较低的气温下,氯氰菊酯在茼蒿和油麦菜上消解缓慢,残留风险明显增大。建议在实际生产中遇到低温天气应适当延长采收间隔期,另外在开展农药残留田间试验时应重视气象条件对残留试验结果的影响。
In order to determine the residue behavior of cypermethrin in chrysanthemum and lettuces,supervised residue field trial was conducted in Shanxi, Shandong, Tianjin, Anhui, Yunnan and Henan in 2016. Final residue tests in the six regions and pesticide dissipation dynamics test at one place for both vegetables were carried out. According to the current national standard method for the determination of pyrethroid pesticide residues in vegetables, the samples were tested and the effectiveness of the method was evaluated. According to the results of supervised residue trials, the dissipation equations of cypermethrin in chrysanthemum and lettuces fit the first-order kinetics equation with half-lives of 3.2 d and 1.8 d, respectively. The median values of cypermethrin residue in chrysanthemum lettuces were 1.64, 1.19 and 0.89 mg/kg, and the median values of cypermethrin residue in lettuces were 0.84, 0.50 and 0.28 mg/kg, respectively. By comparing the average temperature at different test points during the experiment period, it is discovered that the temperature has a significant effect on cypermethrin residues in chrysanthemum and lettuces. Given the slow decomposition of cypermethrin in chrysanthemum and lettuces, the residue risk increased significantly at lower temperature. It is recommended that the harvest interval should be appropriately extended when it comes to cold weather, and the effect of meteorological conditions on the results of supervised residue trial should be taken into account.
In order to determine the residue behavior of cypermethrin in chrysanthemum and lettuces,supervised residue field trial was conducted in Shanxi, Shandong, Tianjin, Anhui, Yunnan and Henan in 2016. Final residue tests in the six regions and pesticide dissipation dynamics test at one place for both vegetables were carried out. According to the current national standard method for the determination of pyrethroid pesticide residues in vegetables, the samples were tested and the effectiveness of the method was evaluated. According to the results of supervised residue trials, the dissipation equations of cypermethrin in chrysanthemum and lettuces fit the first-order kinetics equation with half-lives of 3.2 d and 1.8 d, respectively. The median values of cypermethrin residue in chrysanthemum lettuces were 1.64, 1.19 and 0.89 mg/kg, and the median values of cypermethrin residue in lettuces were 0.84, 0.50 and 0.28 mg/kg, respectively. By comparing the average temperature at different test points during the experiment period, it is discovered that the temperature has a significant effect on cypermethrin residues in chrysanthemum and lettuces. Given the slow decomposition of cypermethrin in chrysanthemum and lettuces, the residue risk increased significantly at lower temperature. It is recommended that the harvest interval should be appropriately extended when it comes to cold weather, and the effect of meteorological conditions on the results of supervised residue trial should be taken into account.
引文
[1]中国农药信息网[DB/OL].[2018-04-01].http://www.chinapesticide.org.cn/.China Pesticide Information Network[DB/OL].[2018-04-01].http://www.chinapesticide.org.cn/.
[2]SUN J F,LIU P,LI C Y,et al.Probabilistic acute dietary exposure assessment of the Chinese population to cypermethrin residues[J].Food Addit Contam Part A:Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess,2011,28(7):869-876.
[3]YUAN Y W,CHEN C,ZHENG C M,et al.Residue of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin in vegetables and probabilistic exposure assessment for consumers in Zhejiang Province,China[J].Food Control,2014,36(1):63-68.
[4]Cypermethrin-2008JMPR-Report[DB/OL].[2018-04-01]http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/pests/lpe/lpe-c/en/.
[5]食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量:GB 2763-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.National food safety standard-maximum residue limits for pesticides in food:GB 2763-2016[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2017.
[6]ABDULLAH M,SARNTHOY O,JIWAJINDA S.Cypermethrin insecticide residues in vegetable soybean,Glycine max(L.)Merrill,at different days of pre-harvest interval[J].Kasetsart J:Nat Sci,2001,35(2):115-121.
[7]JYOT G,MANDAL K,BATTU R S,et al.Estimation of chlorpyriphos and cypermethrin residues in chilli(Capsicum annuum L.)by gas-liquid chromatography[J].Environ Monit Assess,2013,185(7):5703-5714.
[8]杨代凤,毛健,刘腾飞,等.溴氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯在大棚小白菜上的残留动态研究[J].环境与可持续发展,2017,42(5):88-90.YANG D F,MAO J,LIU T F,et al.Residue dynamics of deltamethrin and cypermethrin in pakchoi under greenhouse conditions[J].Environ Sustain Dev,2017,42(5):88-90.
[9]杨燕涛,殷春杭,丁晓莉,等.毒死蜱、氯氰菊酯和氰戊菊酯在小白菜上的残留研究[J].江苏农业科学,2007(1):202-204.YANG Y T,YIN C H,DING X L,et al.Study on residue of chlorpyrifos,cypermethri and fenvalerate in cabbage[J].Jiangsu Agric Sci,2007(1):202-204.
[10]刘腾飞,杨代凤,钱辉,等.氯氰菊酯在露地和大棚小白菜上的残留动态研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(11):200-204.LIU T F,YANG D F,QIAN H,et al.Residue dynamics of cypermethrin in pakchoi under open field and greenhouse conditions[J].Chin Agric Sci Bull,2015,31(11):200-204.
[11]王丽梅,马刚.常用农药在温室和露地菠菜中残留降解动态研究[J].农业科技与信息,2017(17):41-44.WANG L M,MA G.Study on residual degradation dynamics of commonly-used pesticides in spinach in greenhouses and open field[J].Agric Sci Technol Inf,2017(17):41-44.
[12]袁玉伟,司朝光,林桓,等.毒死蜱、氰戊菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯在甘蓝中的残留动态研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(3):1199-1202.YUAN Y W,SI C G,LIN H,et al.Residual dynamics of chlorpyrifos,fenvalerate and beta-cypermethrin in cabbage[J].JAgro-Environ Sci,2008,27(3):1199-1202.
[13]付建涛,黄日林,王世英,等.氯氰菊酯在甘蓝上的残留动态及室内清洗效果的研究[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(10):2388-2391.FU J T,HUANG R L,WANG S Y,et al.Dissipation of cypermethrin in cabbage and efficacy of home washing[J].Southwest China J Agric Sci,2016,29(10):2388-2391.
[14]王雪,章冰川,肖伟,等.高效氯氰菊酯和吡虫啉在叶用莴苣中消解动态的研究[J].世界农药,2015,37(5):43-46.WANG X,ZHANG B C,XIAO W,et al.The study on dissipation dynamics of beta-cypermethrin and imidacloprid in Lactuca sativa[J].World Pestic,2015,37(5):43-46.
[15]冯义志,潘金菊,周力,等.高效氯氰菊酯在韭菜中的残留消解动态及残留量[J].农药科学与管理,2016,37(9):25-29.FENG Y Z,PAN J J,ZHOU L,et al.Residues and degradationdynamics of beta-cypermethrin in Chinese chives[J].Pestic Sci Admin,2016,37(9):25-29.
[16]周世萍,段昌群,刘宏程,等.氯氰菊酯在大棚西芹上的降解残留研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,25(2):482-485.ZHOU S P,DUAN C Q,LIU H C,et al.Degradation of cypermethrin in celery cultivated in the greenhouse[J].J Agro-Environ Sci,2006,25(2):482-485.
[17]宋国春,李瑞娟,刘同金,等.氯氰菊酯在青花菜和土壤中的残留及安全性评价[J].浙江农业科学,2018,59(1):40-43.SONG G C,LI R J,LIU T J,et al.Residues and safety evaluation of cypermethrin in broccoli and soil[J].Zhenjiang Agric Sci,2018,59(1):40-43.
[18]朱烈,周宏,许敏球.溴虫腈和高效氯氰菊酯在花菜中的残留动态研究[J].上海农业科技,2016,2016(4):30-31.ZHU L,ZHOU H,XU M Q.Residue dynamics of chlorfenapyr and beta-cypermethrin in cauliflower[J].Shanghai Agric Sci Technol,2016,2016(4):30-31.
[19]CHERUKURI S R,BHUSHAN S V,REDDY H A,et al.Dissipation dynamics and risk assessment of profenofos,triazophos and cypermethrin residues on tomato for food safety[J].Int J Agric Forest,2015,5(1):60-67.
[20]RIPLEY B D,RITCEY G M,HARRIS C R,et al.Comparative persistence of pesticides on selected cultivars of specialty vegetables[J].J Agric Food Chem,2003,51(5):1328-1335.
[21]农药残留试验准则:NY/T 788-2004[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.Guideline on pesticide residue trials:NY/T 788-2004[S].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2004.
[22]蔬菜和水果中有机磷、有机氯、拟除虫菊酯和氨基甲酸酯类农药多残留的测定:NY/T 761-2008[S].北京:农业出版社,2008.Pesticide multiresidue sceen methods for determination of organophosphorus pesticides,organochlorine pesticides,pyrethroid pesticides and carbamate pesticedes in vegetables and fruits:NY/T761-2008[S].Beijing:Agricultural Publishing House,2008.
[23]FANTKE P,JURASKE R.Variability of pesticide dissipation halflives in plants[J].Environ Sci Technol,2013,47(8):3548-3562.
[24]庾琴,秦曙,王霞,等.温度、光照及生物因子对啶虫脒和吡虫啉在油菜叶面消解的影响[J].农药学学报,2006,8(2):147-151.YU Q,QIN S,WANG X,et al.Dissipation of acetamiprid and imidacloprid under different temperature,light and biological factors on phyllosphere of Brassica chinensis[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2006,8(2):147-151.
[25]TURECHEK W W,STEVENSON K L.Effects of host resistance,temperature,leaf wetness,and leaf age on infection and lesion development of pecan scab[J].Phytopathology,1998,88(12):1294-1301.
[26]CHEN Z M,WAN H B.Degradation of pesticides on plant surfaces and its prediction-a case study on tea plant[J].Environ Monit Assess,1997,44(1-3):303-313.
[2]SUN J F,LIU P,LI C Y,et al.Probabilistic acute dietary exposure assessment of the Chinese population to cypermethrin residues[J].Food Addit Contam Part A:Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess,2011,28(7):869-876.
[3]YUAN Y W,CHEN C,ZHENG C M,et al.Residue of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin in vegetables and probabilistic exposure assessment for consumers in Zhejiang Province,China[J].Food Control,2014,36(1):63-68.
[4]Cypermethrin-2008JMPR-Report[DB/OL].[2018-04-01]http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/pests/lpe/lpe-c/en/.
[5]食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量:GB 2763-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.National food safety standard-maximum residue limits for pesticides in food:GB 2763-2016[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2017.
[6]ABDULLAH M,SARNTHOY O,JIWAJINDA S.Cypermethrin insecticide residues in vegetable soybean,Glycine max(L.)Merrill,at different days of pre-harvest interval[J].Kasetsart J:Nat Sci,2001,35(2):115-121.
[7]JYOT G,MANDAL K,BATTU R S,et al.Estimation of chlorpyriphos and cypermethrin residues in chilli(Capsicum annuum L.)by gas-liquid chromatography[J].Environ Monit Assess,2013,185(7):5703-5714.
[8]杨代凤,毛健,刘腾飞,等.溴氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯在大棚小白菜上的残留动态研究[J].环境与可持续发展,2017,42(5):88-90.YANG D F,MAO J,LIU T F,et al.Residue dynamics of deltamethrin and cypermethrin in pakchoi under greenhouse conditions[J].Environ Sustain Dev,2017,42(5):88-90.
[9]杨燕涛,殷春杭,丁晓莉,等.毒死蜱、氯氰菊酯和氰戊菊酯在小白菜上的残留研究[J].江苏农业科学,2007(1):202-204.YANG Y T,YIN C H,DING X L,et al.Study on residue of chlorpyrifos,cypermethri and fenvalerate in cabbage[J].Jiangsu Agric Sci,2007(1):202-204.
[10]刘腾飞,杨代凤,钱辉,等.氯氰菊酯在露地和大棚小白菜上的残留动态研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(11):200-204.LIU T F,YANG D F,QIAN H,et al.Residue dynamics of cypermethrin in pakchoi under open field and greenhouse conditions[J].Chin Agric Sci Bull,2015,31(11):200-204.
[11]王丽梅,马刚.常用农药在温室和露地菠菜中残留降解动态研究[J].农业科技与信息,2017(17):41-44.WANG L M,MA G.Study on residual degradation dynamics of commonly-used pesticides in spinach in greenhouses and open field[J].Agric Sci Technol Inf,2017(17):41-44.
[12]袁玉伟,司朝光,林桓,等.毒死蜱、氰戊菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯在甘蓝中的残留动态研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(3):1199-1202.YUAN Y W,SI C G,LIN H,et al.Residual dynamics of chlorpyrifos,fenvalerate and beta-cypermethrin in cabbage[J].JAgro-Environ Sci,2008,27(3):1199-1202.
[13]付建涛,黄日林,王世英,等.氯氰菊酯在甘蓝上的残留动态及室内清洗效果的研究[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(10):2388-2391.FU J T,HUANG R L,WANG S Y,et al.Dissipation of cypermethrin in cabbage and efficacy of home washing[J].Southwest China J Agric Sci,2016,29(10):2388-2391.
[14]王雪,章冰川,肖伟,等.高效氯氰菊酯和吡虫啉在叶用莴苣中消解动态的研究[J].世界农药,2015,37(5):43-46.WANG X,ZHANG B C,XIAO W,et al.The study on dissipation dynamics of beta-cypermethrin and imidacloprid in Lactuca sativa[J].World Pestic,2015,37(5):43-46.
[15]冯义志,潘金菊,周力,等.高效氯氰菊酯在韭菜中的残留消解动态及残留量[J].农药科学与管理,2016,37(9):25-29.FENG Y Z,PAN J J,ZHOU L,et al.Residues and degradationdynamics of beta-cypermethrin in Chinese chives[J].Pestic Sci Admin,2016,37(9):25-29.
[16]周世萍,段昌群,刘宏程,等.氯氰菊酯在大棚西芹上的降解残留研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,25(2):482-485.ZHOU S P,DUAN C Q,LIU H C,et al.Degradation of cypermethrin in celery cultivated in the greenhouse[J].J Agro-Environ Sci,2006,25(2):482-485.
[17]宋国春,李瑞娟,刘同金,等.氯氰菊酯在青花菜和土壤中的残留及安全性评价[J].浙江农业科学,2018,59(1):40-43.SONG G C,LI R J,LIU T J,et al.Residues and safety evaluation of cypermethrin in broccoli and soil[J].Zhenjiang Agric Sci,2018,59(1):40-43.
[18]朱烈,周宏,许敏球.溴虫腈和高效氯氰菊酯在花菜中的残留动态研究[J].上海农业科技,2016,2016(4):30-31.ZHU L,ZHOU H,XU M Q.Residue dynamics of chlorfenapyr and beta-cypermethrin in cauliflower[J].Shanghai Agric Sci Technol,2016,2016(4):30-31.
[19]CHERUKURI S R,BHUSHAN S V,REDDY H A,et al.Dissipation dynamics and risk assessment of profenofos,triazophos and cypermethrin residues on tomato for food safety[J].Int J Agric Forest,2015,5(1):60-67.
[20]RIPLEY B D,RITCEY G M,HARRIS C R,et al.Comparative persistence of pesticides on selected cultivars of specialty vegetables[J].J Agric Food Chem,2003,51(5):1328-1335.
[21]农药残留试验准则:NY/T 788-2004[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.Guideline on pesticide residue trials:NY/T 788-2004[S].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2004.
[22]蔬菜和水果中有机磷、有机氯、拟除虫菊酯和氨基甲酸酯类农药多残留的测定:NY/T 761-2008[S].北京:农业出版社,2008.Pesticide multiresidue sceen methods for determination of organophosphorus pesticides,organochlorine pesticides,pyrethroid pesticides and carbamate pesticedes in vegetables and fruits:NY/T761-2008[S].Beijing:Agricultural Publishing House,2008.
[23]FANTKE P,JURASKE R.Variability of pesticide dissipation halflives in plants[J].Environ Sci Technol,2013,47(8):3548-3562.
[24]庾琴,秦曙,王霞,等.温度、光照及生物因子对啶虫脒和吡虫啉在油菜叶面消解的影响[J].农药学学报,2006,8(2):147-151.YU Q,QIN S,WANG X,et al.Dissipation of acetamiprid and imidacloprid under different temperature,light and biological factors on phyllosphere of Brassica chinensis[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2006,8(2):147-151.
[25]TURECHEK W W,STEVENSON K L.Effects of host resistance,temperature,leaf wetness,and leaf age on infection and lesion development of pecan scab[J].Phytopathology,1998,88(12):1294-1301.
[26]CHEN Z M,WAN H B.Degradation of pesticides on plant surfaces and its prediction-a case study on tea plant[J].Environ Monit Assess,1997,44(1-3):303-313.