探究C:N对MABR处理水产养殖废水水质影响
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摘要
为探究膜曝气生物反应器(MABR)处理水产养殖废水时的最佳C∶N,文章以疏水性聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜为曝气膜组件的原材料,在40 d连续运行的时间内,考察C∶N对MABR处理模拟水产养殖废水同步硝化反硝化效果的影响。结果表明:在水力停留时间48 h、NH_4~+-N和TN进水浓度分别为(20±1)mg/L和(23±1)mg/L的条件下,当曝气强度为1.2 mL/min,混合液C∶N为5∶1时,MABR能较好地实现同步硝化反硝化,对NH_4~+-N和TN的平均去除率分别为98.86%和55.21%,TN稳定在11mg/L以下,浓度达到《水污染物综合排放标准》(DB 11/307-2013B)要求。通过鉴定和分析MABR反应器的微生物群落结构,发现生物膜的微生物群落由好氧菌、厌氧菌共同构成,形成好氧-厌氧的分层结构完成同步硝化反硝化脱氮过程。
In order to investigate an optimum C∶N ratio by the membrane aeration bioreactor(MABR)treating aquaculture wastewater,the hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride hollow-fiber membrane was used as the raw material of the aeration membrane module,and the effect of C∶N on simultaneous nitrification and denitrification by MABR treating simulated aquaculture wastewater was investigated during 40 days continuous operation.The results indicated that MABR realized preferable simultaneous nitrification and denitrification and the average removal rate of NH_4~+-N and TN were 98.86%and55.21%,respectively,with TN concentration maintained less than 11 mg/L,under the conditions of hydraulic retention time(HRT)48 h,the water concentrations of NH_4~+-N and TN(20±1)mg/L and(23±1)mg/L,respectively,aeration intensity1.2 mL/min,and the ratio of C∶N as 5∶1.The effluent satisfied the Comprehensive Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants(DB 11/307-2013B).Through the identification and analysis of microbial community structure of MABR reactor,it was found that the microflora of biofilm was composed of both aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria,with both aerobic and anaerobic layered structure formed to function simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process.
In order to investigate an optimum C∶N ratio by the membrane aeration bioreactor(MABR)treating aquaculture wastewater,the hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride hollow-fiber membrane was used as the raw material of the aeration membrane module,and the effect of C∶N on simultaneous nitrification and denitrification by MABR treating simulated aquaculture wastewater was investigated during 40 days continuous operation.The results indicated that MABR realized preferable simultaneous nitrification and denitrification and the average removal rate of NH_4~+-N and TN were 98.86%and55.21%,respectively,with TN concentration maintained less than 11 mg/L,under the conditions of hydraulic retention time(HRT)48 h,the water concentrations of NH_4~+-N and TN(20±1)mg/L and(23±1)mg/L,respectively,aeration intensity1.2 mL/min,and the ratio of C∶N as 5∶1.The effluent satisfied the Comprehensive Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants(DB 11/307-2013B).Through the identification and analysis of microbial community structure of MABR reactor,it was found that the microflora of biofilm was composed of both aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria,with both aerobic and anaerobic layered structure formed to function simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process.
引文
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[5] Terada A, Yamamoto T, Igarashi R, et al. Feasibility of a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor to achieve controllable nitrification[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2006, 28(2):123-130.
[6] Cerqueira A C, Nobrega R, Sant'Anna Jr G L, et al. Oxygen air enrichment through composite membrane:application to an aerated biofilm reactor[J]. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2013,30(4):771-779.
[7] Grace M Nisola, Jennica Orata-Flor, Sehee Oh, et al. Partial nitrification in a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor with composite PEBA/PVDF hollow fibers[J]. Desalination&Water Treatment, 2013,51(25/26/27):5275-5282.
[8] Leila Vafajoo, Mahdi Pazoki. Model-based evaluations of operating parameters on CANON process in a membraneaerated biofilm reactor[J]. Desalination&Water Treatment,2013,51(19/20/21):4228-4234.
[9] Lackner S, Terada A, Horn H, et al. Nitritation performance in membrane-aerated biofilm reactors differs from conventional biofilm systems[J]. Water Research, 2010, 44(20):6073-6084.
[10] Yeh S J, Jenkins C R. Pure oxygen fixed film reactor[J].Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division, 1978,104(4):611-623.
[11] Onishi H, Numazawa R, Takeda H, et al. Process and Apparatus for Wastewater Treatment[P]. US Patent:No.4181604,1980.
[12] Roy T B V, Blanch H W, Wilke C R. Microbial hollow fiber bioreactors[J]. Trends in Biotechnology, 1983,1(5):135-139.
[13] Pankhania M, Stephenson T, Semmens M J. Hollow fibre bioreactor for wastewater treatment using bubbleless membrane aeration[J]. Water Research, 1994,28(10):2233-2236.
[14] Ahmed T, Semmens M J. Use of sealed end hollow fibers for bubbleless membrane aeration:experimental studies[J].Journal of Membrane Science, 1992,69(1/2):1-10.
[15] Yamagiwa K, Ohkawa A, Hirasa O. Simultaneous organic carbon removal and nitrification by biofilm formed on oxygen enrichment membrane[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 2005,27(5):638-643.
[16]李保安,闫庆元,于文志,等.无泡曝气膜生物反应器去除生活污水有机物的研究[J].膜科学与技术, 2009,29(6):56-60.Li Bao'an, Yan Qingyuan, Yu Wenzhi, et al. Study on MABR in domestic wastewater treatment[J]. Membrane Science and Technology, 2009,29(6):56-60.
[17]李慧,郑斐,朱文亭.利用中空纤维膜无泡供氧[J].水处理技术, 2005,31(9):42-44.Li Hui, Zheng Fei, Zhu Wenting. Preliminary study on bubble-free aeration using hollow fiber membranes[J]. Technology of Water Treatment, 2005,31(9):42-44.
[18]黄承武,高春梅,彭民建.无泡曝气膜生物反应器处理麻脱胶废水[J].重庆大学学报, 2007,30(10):97-100.Huang Chengwu, Gao Chunmei, Peng Minjian. Bubbleless aerated membrane bioreactor for ramie degumming wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Chongqing University, 2007,30(10):97-100.
[19]王猛,施宪法,柴晓利.膜生物反应器处理生活污水无泡供氧研究[J].环境污染与防治, 2002,24(6):355-356.Wang Meng, Shi Xianfa, Chai Xiaoli. Study on bubbleless aeration in membrane bioreactor for domestic wastewater treatment[J]. Environmental Pollution and Prevention, 2002,24(6):355-356.
[20]柴晓利,赵由才.膜生物反应器处理生活污水无泡供氧的研究[J].上海环境科学, 2001(10):482-483.Chai Xiaoli, Zhao Youcai. Study on bubbleless aeration in membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment[J]. Shanghai Environmental Science, 2001(10):482-483.
[21]刘强.膜曝气生物反应器(MABR)处理生活污水的研究[D].大连:大连理工大学, 2006.Liu Qiang. Study on Municipal Wastewater Treatment by Membrane Aeration Biofilm Reactor(MABR)[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology, 2006.
[22]董文艺,甘光华,王宏杰,等. DO对膜曝气生物反应器同步除碳脱氮的影响[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2011,43(2):50-55.Dong Wenyi, Gan Guanghua, Wang Hongjie, et al. Effect of DO on simultaneous removal of carbon and nitrogen by a membrane aerated bioreactor[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2011,43(2):50-55.
[23] Bernat K, Wojnowska-BaryB I. Carbon source in aerobic denitrification[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2007,36(2):116-122.
[24] Fernándeznava Y, Mara?ón E, Soons J, et al. Denitrification of high nitrate concentration wastewater using alternative carbon sources[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010,173(1/2/3):682.
[25] He S B, Xue G, Wang B Z. Factors affecting simultaneous nitrification and de-nitrification(SND)and its kinetics model in membrane bioreactor[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009,168(2/3):704.
[26]闫志谦,程艳坤,霍鹏,等. AAO工艺反硝化生物滤池中氨氮去除的影响因素研究[J].安徽农业科学, 2011,39(30):18613-18615.Yan Zhiqian, Cheng Yankun, Huo Peng, et al. Study on influencing factors for ammonia nitrogen removal of AAO denitrification aerated filter[J]. Journal of Anhui Agriculture Science, 2011,39(30):18613-18615.
[27]许敏,梁越,刘小真,等.湿地处理水产养殖废水的实验研究[J].江西农业大学学报, 2013,35(1):221-224.Xu Min, Liang Yue, Liu Xiaozhen, et al. An experimental study on the treatment of aquaculture wastewater on wetland[J]. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis, 2013,35(1):221-224.
[28]邹俊良,杨京平,吕亚敏.移动床生物膜反应器净化模拟水产养殖废水的研究[J].环境科学学报, 2013,33(12):3219-3226.Zou Junliang, Yang Jingping, Lyu Yamin. Aquaculture wastewater treatment using a moving bed biofilm reactor(MBBR)[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2013, 33(12):3219-3226.
[29]张宏玉. MABR微生物群落结构的研究[D].天津:天津大学, 2012.Zhang Hongyu. Research of Microbial Community Structure in MABR[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University, 2012.
[2]赖勇.水产养殖废水氨氮的处理[J].现代农业科技, 2017(9):209-209.Lai Yong. Treatment of ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture wastewater[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2017(9):209-209.
[3]王全震,周里海,顾平,等.膜生物反应器中同步硝化反硝化的研究进展[J].中国给水排水, 2015(12):11-15.Wang Quanzhen, Zhou Lihai, Gu Ping, et al. Research progress in simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in membrane bioreactor[J]. China Water&Wastewater, 2015(12):11-15.
[4]张杨,李庭刚,强志民,等.膜曝气生物膜反应器研究进展[J].环境科学学报, 2011,31(6):1133-1143.Zhang Yang, Li Tinggang, Qiang Zhimin, et al. Current research progress on the membrane-aerated biofilm reactor(MABR):a review[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2011,31(6):1133-1143.
[5] Terada A, Yamamoto T, Igarashi R, et al. Feasibility of a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor to achieve controllable nitrification[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2006, 28(2):123-130.
[6] Cerqueira A C, Nobrega R, Sant'Anna Jr G L, et al. Oxygen air enrichment through composite membrane:application to an aerated biofilm reactor[J]. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2013,30(4):771-779.
[7] Grace M Nisola, Jennica Orata-Flor, Sehee Oh, et al. Partial nitrification in a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor with composite PEBA/PVDF hollow fibers[J]. Desalination&Water Treatment, 2013,51(25/26/27):5275-5282.
[8] Leila Vafajoo, Mahdi Pazoki. Model-based evaluations of operating parameters on CANON process in a membraneaerated biofilm reactor[J]. Desalination&Water Treatment,2013,51(19/20/21):4228-4234.
[9] Lackner S, Terada A, Horn H, et al. Nitritation performance in membrane-aerated biofilm reactors differs from conventional biofilm systems[J]. Water Research, 2010, 44(20):6073-6084.
[10] Yeh S J, Jenkins C R. Pure oxygen fixed film reactor[J].Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division, 1978,104(4):611-623.
[11] Onishi H, Numazawa R, Takeda H, et al. Process and Apparatus for Wastewater Treatment[P]. US Patent:No.4181604,1980.
[12] Roy T B V, Blanch H W, Wilke C R. Microbial hollow fiber bioreactors[J]. Trends in Biotechnology, 1983,1(5):135-139.
[13] Pankhania M, Stephenson T, Semmens M J. Hollow fibre bioreactor for wastewater treatment using bubbleless membrane aeration[J]. Water Research, 1994,28(10):2233-2236.
[14] Ahmed T, Semmens M J. Use of sealed end hollow fibers for bubbleless membrane aeration:experimental studies[J].Journal of Membrane Science, 1992,69(1/2):1-10.
[15] Yamagiwa K, Ohkawa A, Hirasa O. Simultaneous organic carbon removal and nitrification by biofilm formed on oxygen enrichment membrane[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 2005,27(5):638-643.
[16]李保安,闫庆元,于文志,等.无泡曝气膜生物反应器去除生活污水有机物的研究[J].膜科学与技术, 2009,29(6):56-60.Li Bao'an, Yan Qingyuan, Yu Wenzhi, et al. Study on MABR in domestic wastewater treatment[J]. Membrane Science and Technology, 2009,29(6):56-60.
[17]李慧,郑斐,朱文亭.利用中空纤维膜无泡供氧[J].水处理技术, 2005,31(9):42-44.Li Hui, Zheng Fei, Zhu Wenting. Preliminary study on bubble-free aeration using hollow fiber membranes[J]. Technology of Water Treatment, 2005,31(9):42-44.
[18]黄承武,高春梅,彭民建.无泡曝气膜生物反应器处理麻脱胶废水[J].重庆大学学报, 2007,30(10):97-100.Huang Chengwu, Gao Chunmei, Peng Minjian. Bubbleless aerated membrane bioreactor for ramie degumming wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Chongqing University, 2007,30(10):97-100.
[19]王猛,施宪法,柴晓利.膜生物反应器处理生活污水无泡供氧研究[J].环境污染与防治, 2002,24(6):355-356.Wang Meng, Shi Xianfa, Chai Xiaoli. Study on bubbleless aeration in membrane bioreactor for domestic wastewater treatment[J]. Environmental Pollution and Prevention, 2002,24(6):355-356.
[20]柴晓利,赵由才.膜生物反应器处理生活污水无泡供氧的研究[J].上海环境科学, 2001(10):482-483.Chai Xiaoli, Zhao Youcai. Study on bubbleless aeration in membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment[J]. Shanghai Environmental Science, 2001(10):482-483.
[21]刘强.膜曝气生物反应器(MABR)处理生活污水的研究[D].大连:大连理工大学, 2006.Liu Qiang. Study on Municipal Wastewater Treatment by Membrane Aeration Biofilm Reactor(MABR)[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology, 2006.
[22]董文艺,甘光华,王宏杰,等. DO对膜曝气生物反应器同步除碳脱氮的影响[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2011,43(2):50-55.Dong Wenyi, Gan Guanghua, Wang Hongjie, et al. Effect of DO on simultaneous removal of carbon and nitrogen by a membrane aerated bioreactor[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2011,43(2):50-55.
[23] Bernat K, Wojnowska-BaryB I. Carbon source in aerobic denitrification[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2007,36(2):116-122.
[24] Fernándeznava Y, Mara?ón E, Soons J, et al. Denitrification of high nitrate concentration wastewater using alternative carbon sources[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010,173(1/2/3):682.
[25] He S B, Xue G, Wang B Z. Factors affecting simultaneous nitrification and de-nitrification(SND)and its kinetics model in membrane bioreactor[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009,168(2/3):704.
[26]闫志谦,程艳坤,霍鹏,等. AAO工艺反硝化生物滤池中氨氮去除的影响因素研究[J].安徽农业科学, 2011,39(30):18613-18615.Yan Zhiqian, Cheng Yankun, Huo Peng, et al. Study on influencing factors for ammonia nitrogen removal of AAO denitrification aerated filter[J]. Journal of Anhui Agriculture Science, 2011,39(30):18613-18615.
[27]许敏,梁越,刘小真,等.湿地处理水产养殖废水的实验研究[J].江西农业大学学报, 2013,35(1):221-224.Xu Min, Liang Yue, Liu Xiaozhen, et al. An experimental study on the treatment of aquaculture wastewater on wetland[J]. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis, 2013,35(1):221-224.
[28]邹俊良,杨京平,吕亚敏.移动床生物膜反应器净化模拟水产养殖废水的研究[J].环境科学学报, 2013,33(12):3219-3226.Zou Junliang, Yang Jingping, Lyu Yamin. Aquaculture wastewater treatment using a moving bed biofilm reactor(MBBR)[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2013, 33(12):3219-3226.
[29]张宏玉. MABR微生物群落结构的研究[D].天津:天津大学, 2012.Zhang Hongyu. Research of Microbial Community Structure in MABR[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University, 2012.