不同品种高羊茅种子吸水特性研究
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摘要
【目的】探寻高羊茅种子动态吸水规律,分析其形态特征与种子吸水的关系,为高羊茅品种选择、节本增效提供参考。【方法】以7个品种的高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)种子为材料,在同一水温条件下,动态测定其吸水率,并对吸水特性及与种子形态的相关性进行分析。【结果】各品种高羊茅种子最终吸水量约为种子干重的1.5倍,同一时间各品种吸水率不存在差异(P>0.05);高羊茅种子吸水率随吸水时间的延长而增加,呈现快—慢规律,表现为9 h前吸水较快,且差异达到显著水平(P<0.05),10~42 h间的变化较小,其中以9 h增加值最大(14.88%);高羊茅种子形态特征与0~42 h内的吸水量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),以千粒重和粒宽的正相关性最大;高羊茅种子0~42 h吸水率与粒厚、粒宽呈显著相关(P<0.05),但表现为负效应,其中与粒厚的负相关性最大;参试高羊茅种子吸水率与吸水时间的回归曲线模型都为三次函数,且R2达到显著水平(P<0.05)。【结论】获得高羊茅种子吸水最佳动态回归模型方程,高羊茅种子吸水量与种子形态特征存在相关性,研究为高羊茅种子发芽的水分管理及品种选择提供理论借鉴。
[Purpose]The water uptake of tall fescue(Festuca arundinacea) seeds was studied and the relationship between its morphological characteristics and seed water absorption was analyzed,which provided reference value for the selection of tall fescue and the increase of efficiency.[Method]Under the same water temperature, the water absorption rate of tall fescue seeds was determined,and the correlation between water absorption characteristics and seed morphology was analyzed.[Result]The water absorption rate of tall fescue seeds was about 1.5 times of seed dry weight, and there was no difference in the water absorption rate of the varieties at the same time(P>0.05). The water absorption rate of tall fescue seeds increased with the prolongation of water absorption time,and the water absorption of tall fescue seeds was fast and then slowed. It showed that the water uptake before 9 h was faster, and the difference reached a significant level(P<0.05), and the change between 10-42 h was relatively small, and the increase of seed water absorption was the largest(14.88%) with 9 h. The seed morphological characteristics of tall fescue turf had significant positive correlation with water absorption within 0-42 h(P<0.01), and the most positive correlation with seed water uptake of tall fescue seeds was 1 000-grain weight and grain width. The water uptake of tall fescue seeds was significantly correlated with grain thickness and grain width within 0-42 h(P<0.05),but it showed negative effects, which had the largest negative correlation with grain thickness. The regression curve model of the seed water absorption and time were cubic function(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The optimum dynamic regression equation between seed water absorption and time was obtained and the seed morphological characteristics of tall fescue turf had correlation with water absorption. The conclusion provided a theoretical reference for water management of seed germination and variety selection of tall fescue.
[Purpose]The water uptake of tall fescue(Festuca arundinacea) seeds was studied and the relationship between its morphological characteristics and seed water absorption was analyzed,which provided reference value for the selection of tall fescue and the increase of efficiency.[Method]Under the same water temperature, the water absorption rate of tall fescue seeds was determined,and the correlation between water absorption characteristics and seed morphology was analyzed.[Result]The water absorption rate of tall fescue seeds was about 1.5 times of seed dry weight, and there was no difference in the water absorption rate of the varieties at the same time(P>0.05). The water absorption rate of tall fescue seeds increased with the prolongation of water absorption time,and the water absorption of tall fescue seeds was fast and then slowed. It showed that the water uptake before 9 h was faster, and the difference reached a significant level(P<0.05), and the change between 10-42 h was relatively small, and the increase of seed water absorption was the largest(14.88%) with 9 h. The seed morphological characteristics of tall fescue turf had significant positive correlation with water absorption within 0-42 h(P<0.01), and the most positive correlation with seed water uptake of tall fescue seeds was 1 000-grain weight and grain width. The water uptake of tall fescue seeds was significantly correlated with grain thickness and grain width within 0-42 h(P<0.05),but it showed negative effects, which had the largest negative correlation with grain thickness. The regression curve model of the seed water absorption and time were cubic function(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The optimum dynamic regression equation between seed water absorption and time was obtained and the seed morphological characteristics of tall fescue turf had correlation with water absorption. The conclusion provided a theoretical reference for water management of seed germination and variety selection of tall fescue.
引文
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[21]YADAV B K,JINDAL V K.Modeling varietal effect on the water uptake behavior of milled rice(Oryza sativa L.)during soaking[J].Journal of Food Process Engineering,2007,30(6):670.DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4530.2007.00129.x.
[22]PAN Z,TANGRATANAVALEE W.Characteristics of soybeans as affected by soaking conditions[J].LWT-Food Science and Technology,2003,36(1):143.DOI:10.1016/S0023-6438(02)00202-5.
[23]常彦莉,陈垣,郭凤霞,等.甘肃贝母种子吸水及发芽特性研究[J].草业学报,2010,19(4):41.
[24]吴海燕,崔彦宏,王强.温度条件对不同类型玉米种子吸胀和萌动特性的影响[J].华北农学报,2009,24(S2):144.DOI:10.7668/hbnxb.2009.S2.032.
[25]张冠初,丁红,杨吉顺,等.不同花生品种种子形状与吸水速率的研究[J].花生学报,2014,43(4):26.DOI:10.14001/j.issn.1002-4093.2014.04.004.
[2]张长青.园艺植物育苗原理与技术[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2012.
[3]VENABLE D L,DYRESON E,PI?ERO D,et al.Seed morphometris and adaptive geographic differentiation[J].Evolution,1998,52(2):344.DOI:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb01636.x.
[4]MONTANUCI F D,JORGE L M D M,JORGE R M M.Kinetic,thermodynamic properties,and optimization of barley hydration[J].Food Science and Technology,2013,33(4):690.DOI:10.1590/S0101-20612013000400014.
[5]SHAFAEI S M,MASOUMI A A,ROSHAN H.Analysis of water absorption of bean and chickpea during soaking using Peleg Model[J].Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences,2016,15(2):135.DOI:10.1016/j.jssas.2014.08.003.
[6]RANJBARI A,KASHANINEJAD M,ALAMI M,et al.Effect of ultrasound pretreatment on water absorption characteristic of pea during steeping process(in Farsi)[J].Journal of Food Process Engineering,2011,2(1):91.
[7]KASHANINEJAD M,MAGHSOUDLOU Y,RAFIEES,et al.Study of hydration kinetics and density changes of rice(Tarom Mahali)during hydrothermal processing[J].Journal of Food Engineering,2007,79(4):1383.DOI:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.04.019.
[8]SHAFAEI S M,MASOUMI A A.Studying and modeling of hydration kinetics in chickpea seeds(Cicer arietinum L.)[J].Agricultural Communication,2014,2(2):15.
[9]YILDIRIM A,?NER M D,BAYRAM M.Effect of soaking and sultrasound treatments on texture of chickpea[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology,2013,50(3):455.DOI:10.1007/s13197-011-0362-8.
[10]GHAFOOR M,MISRA N N,MAHADEVAN K,et al.Ultrasound assisted hydration of navy beans(Phaseolus vulgaris)[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2014,21(1):409.DOI:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.05.016.
[11]SILVA W P D,CLEIDE M D P S E S,JOSSYL A R DS,et al.Empirical and diffusion models to describe water transport into chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.)[J].International Journal of Food Science and Technology,2013,48(2):267.DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.03183.x.
[12]李兵兵,魏小红,徐严.麻花秦艽种子吸水和萌发特性的研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2012,47(5):88.DOI:10.13432/j.cnki.jgsau.2012.05.017.
[13]张冠初,丁红,戴良香,等.不同粒重、粒型花生种子吸水规律及萌发特性的研究[J].核农学报,2016,30(2):372.
[14]FARHOUDI R.Effect of seed size on salt tolerance at germination and seedling growth stages of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)[J].Research on Crops,2011,12(2):308.
[15]刘冰,毕晓颖,郑洋.3种鸢尾属植物种子吸水及发芽特性研究[J].种子,2012,31(1):34.DOI:10.16590/j.cnki.1001-4705.2012.01.066.
[16]江生泉,程建峰,涂清芳,等.禾本科草坪草种子形态特征的变异与相关性[J].安徽农业大学学报,2016,43(3):452.DOI:10.13610/j.cnki.1672-352x.20160512.006.
[17]郝建军,康宗利,于洋.植物生理学实验技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2007.
[18]田宏,刘洋,张鹤山,等.扁穗雀麦种子萌发吸水特性与萌发温度的研究[J].中国草地学报,2009,31(2):53.
[19]CUNNINGHAM S E,MCMINN W A M,MAGEE T RA,et al.Modelling water absorption of pasta during soaking[J].Journal of Food Process Engineering,2007,82(4):600.DOI:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.03.018.
[20]KASHIRI M,DARAEI GARMAKHANY A D,DE-HGHANI A A.Modeling of sorghum soaking using artificial neural networks(MLP)[J].Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops and Foods,2012,4(4):179.DOI:10.1111/j.1757-837X.2012.00184.x.
[21]YADAV B K,JINDAL V K.Modeling varietal effect on the water uptake behavior of milled rice(Oryza sativa L.)during soaking[J].Journal of Food Process Engineering,2007,30(6):670.DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4530.2007.00129.x.
[22]PAN Z,TANGRATANAVALEE W.Characteristics of soybeans as affected by soaking conditions[J].LWT-Food Science and Technology,2003,36(1):143.DOI:10.1016/S0023-6438(02)00202-5.
[23]常彦莉,陈垣,郭凤霞,等.甘肃贝母种子吸水及发芽特性研究[J].草业学报,2010,19(4):41.
[24]吴海燕,崔彦宏,王强.温度条件对不同类型玉米种子吸胀和萌动特性的影响[J].华北农学报,2009,24(S2):144.DOI:10.7668/hbnxb.2009.S2.032.
[25]张冠初,丁红,杨吉顺,等.不同花生品种种子形状与吸水速率的研究[J].花生学报,2014,43(4):26.DOI:10.14001/j.issn.1002-4093.2014.04.004.