新疆吐哈盆地甜瓜种植农户规模经济效益分析
|
摘要
通过对吐哈盆地中吐鲁番市和哈密市2012～2017年不同生产规模的甜瓜种植农户生产甜瓜的投入成本与产值进行分析,拟合不同种植规模的C-D生产函数,得到以下结论:(1)吐哈盆地甜瓜种植区包括吐鲁番市和哈密市。2012～2017年吐鲁番市甜瓜种植面积和总产量增长迅速,主产区为高昌区、鄯善县和托克逊县;播种方式以育苗和露地直播为主;生产技术以双膜栽培嫁接、育苗移栽为主,并结合拱棚栽培。2012～2017年哈密市甜瓜种植面积略有减少,总产量略有增加;播种方式以育苗、直播相结合为主;生产方式以露地栽培为主。(2)生产规模为1.0～2.0 hm~2(含)的农户投入产出比最高(1.74),生产规模≤1.0 hm~2和>2.0 hm~2的农户投入产出比均低于平均水平(1.38)。(3) 3种生产规模下,农户在实际生产中的投入成本均是边际递减效应。不同规模条件下,不同生产要素的产出弹性系数差异较大。
As a cash crop,melon is important for farmers in Turpan-Hami Basin. The input cost and output value of different production scales of melon planting farmers in Turpan and Hami from 2012 to 2017 were analyzed. The results showed that the planting area and total production in Turpan increased quickly, and the main producing areas included Gaochang District,Shanshan County and Toksun County. The sowing ways were mainly grow seedlings and direct seeding. The cultivation techniques were grafting covered with double film,seedling transplanting,and planting in plastic tunnel. The planting area in Hami slightly reduced,while the total yield increased. The sowing ways combined grow seedlings with direct seeding. The production were mainly in open field. The input-output ratio of farmers with 1.0-2.0 hm~2(included) was the highest(1.74),that of farmers with less than 1.0 hm~2 and more than 2.0 hm~2 was lower than the average(1.38). In the three production scales, the input cost existed the marginal diminishing effect. The output elastic coefficients of different production factors had great differences.
As a cash crop,melon is important for farmers in Turpan-Hami Basin. The input cost and output value of different production scales of melon planting farmers in Turpan and Hami from 2012 to 2017 were analyzed. The results showed that the planting area and total production in Turpan increased quickly, and the main producing areas included Gaochang District,Shanshan County and Toksun County. The sowing ways were mainly grow seedlings and direct seeding. The cultivation techniques were grafting covered with double film,seedling transplanting,and planting in plastic tunnel. The planting area in Hami slightly reduced,while the total yield increased. The sowing ways combined grow seedlings with direct seeding. The production were mainly in open field. The input-output ratio of farmers with 1.0-2.0 hm~2(included) was the highest(1.74),that of farmers with less than 1.0 hm~2 and more than 2.0 hm~2 was lower than the average(1.38). In the three production scales, the input cost existed the marginal diminishing effect. The output elastic coefficients of different production factors had great differences.
引文
[1]杨念,王蔚宇,孙玉竹,吴敬学.我国西瓜生产成本收益分析[J].中国瓜菜,2017,30(11):37-39.
[2]杨艳涛,张琳,吴敬学. 2011年我国西甜瓜市场及产业发展趋势与对策分析[J].北方园艺,2012,(15):183-187.
[3]杨军,廖新福,马新力,黎万春. 2013年新疆维吾尔自治区西甜瓜产业技术发展报告[J].新疆农业科技,2014,(2):38-40.
[4]许华森,毕华兴,王若水,杨宗儒,高路博,常译方,云雷.晋西黄土区苹果农作物间作系统经济效益[J].中国水土保持科学,2014,12(4):81-85.
[5]李利民,田聪华,苗昊翠,高英,吐逊江·艾合买提,李鹏发.新疆花生生产效益及比较优势分析[J].农业科技通讯,2017,(6):268-272.
[6]胡涛.大连市种植业主要作物经济效益分析[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(17):393-397.
[7]董川远,唐蓓.基于C-D生产函数的图书馆资源配置优化实证分析[J].图书馆理论与实践,2011,33(10):35-38.
[8]谢文宝,刘国勇.基于随机前沿分析的新疆甜瓜生产技术效率及其影响因素研究[J].北方园艺,2015,(20):197-200.
[9]刘小军,刘澄,鲍新中.基于生产函数的行业规模效益实证分析[J].统计与决策,2011,27(5):99-101.
[10]朱新强,王晓力,王春梅,张茜.甘肃省苜蓿种植现状及成本收益分析[J].中国草食动物科学,2014,34(6):63-67.
[11]韩苏,陈永富.浙江省家庭农场经营的适度规模研究———以果蔬类家庭农场为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2015,36(5):89-97.
[12]许庆,尹荣梁,章辉.规模经济、规模报酬与农业适度规模经营———基于我国粮食生产的实证研究[J].经济研究,2011,46(3):59-71,94.
[13]胡宜挺,蒋金凤,李佳佳.兵团鲜食葡萄种植规模效率及影响因素研究[J].新疆农垦经济,2017,36(12):48-57.
[14]王东,陈英,路正,孔喆.玉米种植制度调整下的耕地经济效益评价及其影响因素分析———以定西市鲁家沟镇太平村为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(5):41-46.
[15]胡长清,欧阳硕龙,陈永忠.油茶种植效益分析及不同经营模式效益比较[J].湖南林业科技,2015,42(6):1-6.
[16]王志丹,吴敬学,毛世平,张琳.我国甜瓜产业发展及对策研究[J].农业经济,2013,33(11):23-24.
[17]孟延,问亚军,郝平琦,朱雪荣,杨晓峰,张伯虎.渭南市西瓜甜瓜生产现状与发展建议[J].中国瓜菜,2017,30(2):38-40.
[18]吴宇芬,陈晟,赵依杰,张伟光.福建省西瓜甜瓜产业现状与发展对策[J].中国瓜菜,2014,27(S1):175-176.
[19]张琳,杨艳涛,吴敬学.新形势下中国西瓜甜瓜产业发展的战略思考[J].北方园艺,2014,(19):187-190.
[20]王志丹,赵姜,毛世平,吴敬学.中国甜瓜产业区域优势布局研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2014,35(1):128-133.
[2]杨艳涛,张琳,吴敬学. 2011年我国西甜瓜市场及产业发展趋势与对策分析[J].北方园艺,2012,(15):183-187.
[3]杨军,廖新福,马新力,黎万春. 2013年新疆维吾尔自治区西甜瓜产业技术发展报告[J].新疆农业科技,2014,(2):38-40.
[4]许华森,毕华兴,王若水,杨宗儒,高路博,常译方,云雷.晋西黄土区苹果农作物间作系统经济效益[J].中国水土保持科学,2014,12(4):81-85.
[5]李利民,田聪华,苗昊翠,高英,吐逊江·艾合买提,李鹏发.新疆花生生产效益及比较优势分析[J].农业科技通讯,2017,(6):268-272.
[6]胡涛.大连市种植业主要作物经济效益分析[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(17):393-397.
[7]董川远,唐蓓.基于C-D生产函数的图书馆资源配置优化实证分析[J].图书馆理论与实践,2011,33(10):35-38.
[8]谢文宝,刘国勇.基于随机前沿分析的新疆甜瓜生产技术效率及其影响因素研究[J].北方园艺,2015,(20):197-200.
[9]刘小军,刘澄,鲍新中.基于生产函数的行业规模效益实证分析[J].统计与决策,2011,27(5):99-101.
[10]朱新强,王晓力,王春梅,张茜.甘肃省苜蓿种植现状及成本收益分析[J].中国草食动物科学,2014,34(6):63-67.
[11]韩苏,陈永富.浙江省家庭农场经营的适度规模研究———以果蔬类家庭农场为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2015,36(5):89-97.
[12]许庆,尹荣梁,章辉.规模经济、规模报酬与农业适度规模经营———基于我国粮食生产的实证研究[J].经济研究,2011,46(3):59-71,94.
[13]胡宜挺,蒋金凤,李佳佳.兵团鲜食葡萄种植规模效率及影响因素研究[J].新疆农垦经济,2017,36(12):48-57.
[14]王东,陈英,路正,孔喆.玉米种植制度调整下的耕地经济效益评价及其影响因素分析———以定西市鲁家沟镇太平村为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(5):41-46.
[15]胡长清,欧阳硕龙,陈永忠.油茶种植效益分析及不同经营模式效益比较[J].湖南林业科技,2015,42(6):1-6.
[16]王志丹,吴敬学,毛世平,张琳.我国甜瓜产业发展及对策研究[J].农业经济,2013,33(11):23-24.
[17]孟延,问亚军,郝平琦,朱雪荣,杨晓峰,张伯虎.渭南市西瓜甜瓜生产现状与发展建议[J].中国瓜菜,2017,30(2):38-40.
[18]吴宇芬,陈晟,赵依杰,张伟光.福建省西瓜甜瓜产业现状与发展对策[J].中国瓜菜,2014,27(S1):175-176.
[19]张琳,杨艳涛,吴敬学.新形势下中国西瓜甜瓜产业发展的战略思考[J].北方园艺,2014,(19):187-190.
[20]王志丹,赵姜,毛世平,吴敬学.中国甜瓜产业区域优势布局研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2014,35(1):128-133.