基于测井约束的地震全波形反演方法
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摘要
在实际应用中全波形反演依赖于初始速度模型与低频信息,若初始模型精确度低常会引起周波跳跃现象。测井资料具有垂向分辨率高的特点,含有丰富的超低频与高频成分,测井信息的引入可以在一定程度上弥补地震频带缺失、反射数据精度低、信噪比低的不足,故从两个方面将先验信息引入全波形反演。一是充分利用可靠的测井数据低频信息建立较精确的初始速度模型,以弥补地震数据缺少低频信息的问题;二是在全波形反演目标泛函中引入先验模型约束项,利用测井数据约束反演过程,驱使反演沿给定的方向进行,以提高反演过程的稳定性,从而获得较高精度的速度模型。通过EAGE推覆体模型对所提方法进行试算,相对不加约束全波形反演结果得到改善;实际地震资料应用结果表明,使用测井约束的反演结果能更清楚地展示砂岩层,具有较高的分辨率,反演效果更好。
High precision full waveform inversion depends on both low frequency seismic data and the initial model.However low frequency seismic information usually is not available and an inaccurate initial model will lead cycle skips.At the same time,inversions might cause multi-solutions and illposed problems.As well logging data is characterized by high resolution and broadband information,we take it as a constraint for full waveform inversion.We correct initial velocity models with reliable low frequency information extracted from logging data.Then we extend objective functions by a prior model,where the prior model drives optimization steps as a constraint to minimize the objective functions.Numerical tests on both EAGE overthrust model and real data show that the proposed inversion improves results.
High precision full waveform inversion depends on both low frequency seismic data and the initial model.However low frequency seismic information usually is not available and an inaccurate initial model will lead cycle skips.At the same time,inversions might cause multi-solutions and illposed problems.As well logging data is characterized by high resolution and broadband information,we take it as a constraint for full waveform inversion.We correct initial velocity models with reliable low frequency information extracted from logging data.Then we extend objective functions by a prior model,where the prior model drives optimization steps as a constraint to minimize the objective functions.Numerical tests on both EAGE overthrust model and real data show that the proposed inversion improves results.
引文
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[2]Tarantola A.Inversion of seismic reflection data in acoustic approximation.Geophysics,1984,49(8):1259-1266.
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[6]Shin C,Cha Y H.Waveform inversion in the Laplace domain.Geophysical Journal International,2008,173(3):922-931.
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[15]敖瑞德,董良国,迟本鑫.不依赖子波、基于包络的FWI初始模型建立方法研究.地球物理学报,2015,58(6):1998-2010.Ao Ruide,Dong Liangguo,Chi Benxin.Source-independent envelope-based FWI to build an initial model.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(6):1998-2010.
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[18]段超然,韩立国.主成分分析波场重构反演与全波形反演联合速度重构.石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(6):1134-1140.Duan Chaoran,Han Liguo.A joint velocity reconstruction method:principal component analysis based wavefield-reconstruction inversion combined with full waveform inversion.OGP,2016,51(6):1134-1140.
[19]王毓玮,董良国,黄超等.降低弹性波全波形反演强烈非线性的分步反演策略.石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(2):288-294.Wang Yuwei,Dong Liangguo,Huang Chao et al.Amulti-step strategy for mitigating severe nonlinearity in elastic full-waveform inversion.OGP,2016,51(2):288-294.
[20]吴国忱,田军.基于尺度约束项的AVO反演方法.石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(6):1157-1164.Wu Guochen,Tian Jun.AVO inversion based on scale constraints.OGP,2014,49(6):1157-1164.
[21]冯国峰,韩波,刘家琦.二维波动方程约束反演的大范围收敛广义脉冲谱方法.地球物理学报,2003,46(2):265-270.Feng Guofeng,Han Bo,Liu Jiaqi.Widely convergent generalized pulse spectrum methods for 2D wave equation inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2003,46(2):265-270.
[22]Hu W,Abubakar A,Habashy T M.Simultaneous multifrequency inversion of full-waveform seismic data.Geophysics,2009,74(2):R1-R14.
[23]王守东.井间地震资料全变差正则化波形反演.石油物探,2011,50(3):234-240.Wang Shoudong.Total variation regularization waveform inversion of crosswell seismic data.GPP,2011,50(3):234-240.
[24]Han B,Fu H S,Liu H.A homotopy method for welllog constraint waveform inversion.Geophysics,2007,72(1):R1-R7.
[25]傅红笋,曹莉,韩波.测井约束地震波形反演的同伦摄动法.地球物理学报,2012,55(9):3173-3179.Fu Hongsun,Cao Li,Han Bo.A homotopy perturbation method for well log constrained seismic waveform inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,55(9):3173-3179.
[26]Asnaashari A,Brossier R,Garambois S et al.Regularized seismic full waveform inversion with prior model information.Geophysics,2013,78(2):R25-R36.
[27]成景旺,吕晓春,顾汉明等.基于柯西分布的频率域全波形反演.石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(5):940-945.Cheng Jingwang,LüXiaochun,Gu Hanming et al.Full waveform inversion with Cauchy distribution in the frequency domain.OGP,2014,49(5):940-945.
[28]任浩然.声介质地震波反演成像方法研究[学位论文].上海:同济大学,2011.Ren Haoran.A Study of the Seismic Wave Inversion Method for Imaging in the Acoustic Media[D].Tongji University,Shanghai,2011.
[29]Mora P.Nonlinear two-dimensional elastic inversion of multioffset seismic data.Geophysics,1987,52(9):1211-1228.
[2]Tarantola A.Inversion of seismic reflection data in acoustic approximation.Geophysics,1984,49(8):1259-1266.
[3]Petrick W R,Borup D T,Steven A J et al.Seismic borehole tomography using full waveform inversion.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1988,7:1250-1252.
[4]Pratt R G,Shin C,Hick G J.Gauss-Newton and full Newton methods in frequency-space seismic waveform inversion.Geophysical Journal International,1998,133(2):341-362.
[5]Pratt R G.Seismic waveform inversion in the frequency domain,Part 1:Theory and verification in a physical scale model.Geophysics,1999,64(3):888-901.
[6]Shin C,Cha Y H.Waveform inversion in the Laplace domain.Geophysical Journal International,2008,173(3):922-931.
[7]Sirgue L,Barkved O I,Van Gestel J P et al.3Dwaveform inversion on Valhall wide-azimuth OBC.EAGE71st Conference and Exhibition Extended Abstracts,2009.
[8]Warner M,Umpleby A,Stekl I et al.3Dfull-wavefield tomography:imaging beneath heterogeneous overburden.EAGE 72st Conference and Exhibition Extended Abstracts,2010.
[9]Pratt R G,Song Z M,Williamson P et al.Two-dimensional velocity models from wide-angle seismic data by waveform inversion.Geophysical Journal International,1996,124(2):323-340.
[10]Smithyman B,Pratt G,Hayles J et al.Detecting nearsurface objects with seismic waveform tomography.Geophysics,2009,74(6):WCC119-WCC127.
[11]Virieux J,Operto S.An overview of full-waveform inversion in exploration geophysics.Geophysics,2009,74(6):WCC1-WCC26.
[12]杨午阳,王西文,雍学善等.地震全波形反演方法研究综述.地球物理学进展,2013,28(2):766-776.Yang Wuyang,Wang Xiwen,Yong Xueshan et al.The review of seismic full waveform inversion method.Progress in Geophysics,2013,28(2):766-776.
[13]Shah N,Warner M,Nangoo T et al.Quality assured full-waveform inversion:Ensuring starting model adequacy.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2012,31.
[14]Weibull W,Arntsen B,Nilsen E.Initial velocity models for full waveform inversion.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2012,31.
[15]敖瑞德,董良国,迟本鑫.不依赖子波、基于包络的FWI初始模型建立方法研究.地球物理学报,2015,58(6):1998-2010.Ao Ruide,Dong Liangguo,Chi Benxin.Source-independent envelope-based FWI to build an initial model.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(6):1998-2010.
[16]Gong B,Chen G,Yingst D et al.3D waveform inversion based on reverse time migration engine.SEGTechnical Program Expanded Abstracts,2008,27:1900-1904.
[17]Baeten G,Maag J W,Plessix R E et al.The use of low frequencies in a full-waveform inversion and impedance inversion land seismic case study.Geophysical Prospecting,2013,61(4):701-711.
[18]段超然,韩立国.主成分分析波场重构反演与全波形反演联合速度重构.石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(6):1134-1140.Duan Chaoran,Han Liguo.A joint velocity reconstruction method:principal component analysis based wavefield-reconstruction inversion combined with full waveform inversion.OGP,2016,51(6):1134-1140.
[19]王毓玮,董良国,黄超等.降低弹性波全波形反演强烈非线性的分步反演策略.石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(2):288-294.Wang Yuwei,Dong Liangguo,Huang Chao et al.Amulti-step strategy for mitigating severe nonlinearity in elastic full-waveform inversion.OGP,2016,51(2):288-294.
[20]吴国忱,田军.基于尺度约束项的AVO反演方法.石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(6):1157-1164.Wu Guochen,Tian Jun.AVO inversion based on scale constraints.OGP,2014,49(6):1157-1164.
[21]冯国峰,韩波,刘家琦.二维波动方程约束反演的大范围收敛广义脉冲谱方法.地球物理学报,2003,46(2):265-270.Feng Guofeng,Han Bo,Liu Jiaqi.Widely convergent generalized pulse spectrum methods for 2D wave equation inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2003,46(2):265-270.
[22]Hu W,Abubakar A,Habashy T M.Simultaneous multifrequency inversion of full-waveform seismic data.Geophysics,2009,74(2):R1-R14.
[23]王守东.井间地震资料全变差正则化波形反演.石油物探,2011,50(3):234-240.Wang Shoudong.Total variation regularization waveform inversion of crosswell seismic data.GPP,2011,50(3):234-240.
[24]Han B,Fu H S,Liu H.A homotopy method for welllog constraint waveform inversion.Geophysics,2007,72(1):R1-R7.
[25]傅红笋,曹莉,韩波.测井约束地震波形反演的同伦摄动法.地球物理学报,2012,55(9):3173-3179.Fu Hongsun,Cao Li,Han Bo.A homotopy perturbation method for well log constrained seismic waveform inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,55(9):3173-3179.
[26]Asnaashari A,Brossier R,Garambois S et al.Regularized seismic full waveform inversion with prior model information.Geophysics,2013,78(2):R25-R36.
[27]成景旺,吕晓春,顾汉明等.基于柯西分布的频率域全波形反演.石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(5):940-945.Cheng Jingwang,LüXiaochun,Gu Hanming et al.Full waveform inversion with Cauchy distribution in the frequency domain.OGP,2014,49(5):940-945.
[28]任浩然.声介质地震波反演成像方法研究[学位论文].上海:同济大学,2011.Ren Haoran.A Study of the Seismic Wave Inversion Method for Imaging in the Acoustic Media[D].Tongji University,Shanghai,2011.
[29]Mora P.Nonlinear two-dimensional elastic inversion of multioffset seismic data.Geophysics,1987,52(9):1211-1228.