饥饿胁迫对彭泽鲫幼鱼生长、体组成、消化酶活性及抗氧化性的影响
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摘要
为了探讨短期饥饿胁迫对彭泽鲫幼鱼生理学指标的影响,以初始体质量为(14. 35±0. 59) g的彭泽鲫为供试对象,随机分成3组,各组分别饥饿处理0(对照组)、14、28 d,检测短期饥饿胁迫对彭泽鲫生长、全鱼营养成分、消化酶、抗氧化酶活性及糖原含量的影响。结果显示,饥饿胁迫28 d时,彭泽鲫幼鱼的体质量比对照组降低了18. 12%(P <0. 05)。饥饿胁迫14 d和28 d时,全鱼粗脂肪含量比对照组分别降低了23. 57%和39. 16%(P <0. 05);全鱼粗蛋白含量在饥饿胁迫14 d和28 d比对照组分别降低了5. 64%和9. 47%(P <0. 05)。随着饥饿胁迫时间的延长,彭泽鲫幼鱼胃蛋白酶活性显著下降,饥饿胁迫14 d和28 d比对照组分别降低了38. 65%和41. 83%(P <0. 05);脂肪酶活性和淀粉酶活性随饥饿胁迫时间的延长,先平稳后急剧下降,饥饿胁迫28 d时比对照组分别降低了18. 84%和58. 92%(P <0. 05)。饥饿胁迫14 d和28 d时,总抗氧化能力比对照组分别降低了49. 67%和44. 08%(P <0. 05);丙二醛含量在整个饥饿胁迫过程无显著性变化;肝脏糖原含量随饥饿胁迫时间的延长先急剧下降后缓慢下降,饥饿胁迫14 d和28 d比对照组分别降低了26. 90%和18. 84%(P <0. 05)。综上,在饥饿胁迫期间,彭泽鲫主要是利用体内储存的脂肪作为能源物质,同时也会消耗少量的蛋白质来维持生长和代谢,肠道消化酶活性发生与饥饿相适应的变化,短期饥饿未对彭泽鲫幼鱼造成不可逆转的氧化损伤。
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of short-term starvation stress on the physiological indexes of Carassius auratus var. Pengze. Individuals had an initial body mass of( 14. 35 ±0. 59) g,which was randomly divided into 3 groups. We sampled at 0 day( control),14 days and 28 days of starvation,in order to determine the effects of starvation on growth,nutrition composition,enzyme activities and antioxidant indexes of Carassius auratus var. Pengze. The results showed that the fish body weight in 28 days of starvation period decreased by 18. 12%( P < 0. 05),compared with the control group,the whole fish crude fat content in 14 and 28 days of starvation period decreased by 23. 57% and39. 16%( P < 0. 05),the whole fish crude protein content decreased by 5. 64% and 9. 47%( P <0. 05),respectively. With the starvation time increasing,pepsin activity significantly decreased( P <0. 05),in the 14 and 28 days of starvation period it decreased by 38. 65% and 41. 83%( P < 0. 05). The amylase and lipase activities decreased with the hunger stress time,first steady decline and then sharply decreased,and these in 28 days of starvation period decreased by 18. 84% and 58. 92%,compared with those of the control group( P < 0. 05). The liver total antioxidant capacity in 14 and 28 days of starvation period decreased by 49. 67% and 44. 08%( P < 0. 05),compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in malondialdehyde contents after starvation( P > 0. 05). The liver glycogen content decreased sharply with the prolongation of hunger stress time and then slowly decreased,and in 14 and 28 days of starvation period,the liver glycogen contents decreased by 26. 90% and 18. 84%( P < 0. 05),respectively. The above results indicated that Carassius auratus var. Pengze would mainly use the fat stored in the body as energy material of starvation period,it also consumed a small amount of protein to maintain growth and metabolism. Their digestive enzyme activities had corresponding change to the degrees of starvation. The short-term starvation did not cause irreversible oxidative damage to Carassius auratus var. Pengze.
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of short-term starvation stress on the physiological indexes of Carassius auratus var. Pengze. Individuals had an initial body mass of( 14. 35 ±0. 59) g,which was randomly divided into 3 groups. We sampled at 0 day( control),14 days and 28 days of starvation,in order to determine the effects of starvation on growth,nutrition composition,enzyme activities and antioxidant indexes of Carassius auratus var. Pengze. The results showed that the fish body weight in 28 days of starvation period decreased by 18. 12%( P < 0. 05),compared with the control group,the whole fish crude fat content in 14 and 28 days of starvation period decreased by 23. 57% and39. 16%( P < 0. 05),the whole fish crude protein content decreased by 5. 64% and 9. 47%( P <0. 05),respectively. With the starvation time increasing,pepsin activity significantly decreased( P <0. 05),in the 14 and 28 days of starvation period it decreased by 38. 65% and 41. 83%( P < 0. 05). The amylase and lipase activities decreased with the hunger stress time,first steady decline and then sharply decreased,and these in 28 days of starvation period decreased by 18. 84% and 58. 92%,compared with those of the control group( P < 0. 05). The liver total antioxidant capacity in 14 and 28 days of starvation period decreased by 49. 67% and 44. 08%( P < 0. 05),compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in malondialdehyde contents after starvation( P > 0. 05). The liver glycogen content decreased sharply with the prolongation of hunger stress time and then slowly decreased,and in 14 and 28 days of starvation period,the liver glycogen contents decreased by 26. 90% and 18. 84%( P < 0. 05),respectively. The above results indicated that Carassius auratus var. Pengze would mainly use the fat stored in the body as energy material of starvation period,it also consumed a small amount of protein to maintain growth and metabolism. Their digestive enzyme activities had corresponding change to the degrees of starvation. The short-term starvation did not cause irreversible oxidative damage to Carassius auratus var. Pengze.
引文
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[2]王吉桥,毛连菊,姜静颖,等.鲤、鲢、鳙、草鱼苗和鱼种饥饿致死时间的研究[J].大连水产学院学报,1993,8(2/3):58-65.
[3]金鑫,徐钢春,杜富宽,等.饥饿胁迫对刀鲚形体、体成分及血液生化指标的影响[J].动物学杂志,2014,49(6):897-903.
[4]丁立云,饶毅,陈文静,等.投喂频率对彭泽鲫幼鱼生长性能、形体指标和肌肉品质的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(19):228-231.
[5]杜震宇,刘永坚,田丽霞,等.饥饿对于鲈肌肉、肝脏和血清主要生化组成的影响[J].动物学报,2003,49(4):458-465.
[6]刘波,何庆国,唐永凯,等.饥饿胁迫对吉富罗非鱼生长及生理生化指标的影响[J].中国水产科学,2009,16(2):230-237.
[7]周爱国,茅沈丽,王超,等.饥饿胁迫对杂交鳢生长及生化组成的影响[J].水生态学杂志,2012,33(5):78-82.
[8]谢小军,邓利,张波.饥饿对鱼类生理生态学影响的研究进展[J].水生生物学报,1998,22(2):181-188.
[9] EINEN O,WAAGAN B,THOMASSEN M S. Starvation prior to slaughter in Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar):Ⅰ.Effects on weight loss,body shape,slaughter-and filletyield,proximate and fatty acid composition[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,1998,169(1/2):37-53.
[10] HUNG S S O,WEI L,LI H,et al. Effect of starvation on some morphological and biochemical parameters in white sturgeon,Acipenser transmontanus[J]. Aquaculture,1997,151(1/4):357-363.
[11]张波,孙耀,唐启升.饥饿对真鲷生长及生化组成的影响[J].水产学报,2000,24(3):206-210.
[12]林黑着,刘永坚,何建国,等.饥饿对斜带石斑鱼肝脏和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响[J].南方水产科学,2006,2(4):1-6.
[13] ZAMAL H,OLLEVIER F. Effect of feeding and lack of food on the growth,gross biochemical and fatty acid composition of juvenile catfish[J]. Journal of Fish Biology,1995,46(3):404-414.
[14]曹香林,郭蓓,彭墨,等.不同发育阶段草鱼消化酶活力的变化及其昼夜节律[J].河南农业科学,2009,38(7):120-123.
[15] RIVERA-PREZ C,NAVARRETE DEL TORO M,GARCA-CARREO F L,et al. Digestive lipase activity through development and after fasting and re-feeding in the whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei[J]. Aquaculture,2010,300(1/4):163-168.
[16]苏艳莉,戈贤平,孙盛明,等.高温季节饥饿后补偿摄食对团头鲂幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道消化酶活性及肝脏抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(11):4198-4206.
[17]王辉,强俊,李瑞伟,等.短期饥饿对奥尼罗非鱼幼鱼生长和几种消化酶的影响[J].广东海洋大学学报,2010,30(1):7-12.
[18]江丽华,朱爱意,苑淑宾.饥饿对褐菖鲉消化道指数及消化酶活力的影响[J].水产科学,2011,30(4):187-191.
[19]周兴华,向枭,向桢,等.饥饿与再投喂对中华倒刺鲃幼鱼生长和消化酶活性的影响[J].淡水渔业,2012,42(3):50-54,73.
[20]乐可鑫,汪元,彭瑞冰,等.饥饿和再投喂对虎斑乌贼幼体存活、生长和消化酶活力的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(6):2002-2008.
[21] BABAEI S,KENARI A A,HEDAYATI M,et al. Effect of diet composition on growth performance,hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon(Acipenser baerii,Brandt,1869)submitted to starvation and refeeding[J]. Fish Physiology&Biochemistry,2016,42(6):1509-1520.
[22]苏慧,区又君,李加儿,等.饥饿对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼不同组织抗氧化能力、Na+/K+-ATP酶活力和鱼体生化组成的影响[J].南方水产科学,2012,8(6):28-36.
[23]卢俊姣,刘淑兰,翟少伟.饥饿胁迫对罗非鱼肝胰脏抗氧化能力的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(35):75-79.
[24]王双健,丁玉惠,江茂旺,等.饥饿时间对管角螺生长、生化组成、消化酶活性和抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(1):138-146.
[2]王吉桥,毛连菊,姜静颖,等.鲤、鲢、鳙、草鱼苗和鱼种饥饿致死时间的研究[J].大连水产学院学报,1993,8(2/3):58-65.
[3]金鑫,徐钢春,杜富宽,等.饥饿胁迫对刀鲚形体、体成分及血液生化指标的影响[J].动物学杂志,2014,49(6):897-903.
[4]丁立云,饶毅,陈文静,等.投喂频率对彭泽鲫幼鱼生长性能、形体指标和肌肉品质的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(19):228-231.
[5]杜震宇,刘永坚,田丽霞,等.饥饿对于鲈肌肉、肝脏和血清主要生化组成的影响[J].动物学报,2003,49(4):458-465.
[6]刘波,何庆国,唐永凯,等.饥饿胁迫对吉富罗非鱼生长及生理生化指标的影响[J].中国水产科学,2009,16(2):230-237.
[7]周爱国,茅沈丽,王超,等.饥饿胁迫对杂交鳢生长及生化组成的影响[J].水生态学杂志,2012,33(5):78-82.
[8]谢小军,邓利,张波.饥饿对鱼类生理生态学影响的研究进展[J].水生生物学报,1998,22(2):181-188.
[9] EINEN O,WAAGAN B,THOMASSEN M S. Starvation prior to slaughter in Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar):Ⅰ.Effects on weight loss,body shape,slaughter-and filletyield,proximate and fatty acid composition[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,1998,169(1/2):37-53.
[10] HUNG S S O,WEI L,LI H,et al. Effect of starvation on some morphological and biochemical parameters in white sturgeon,Acipenser transmontanus[J]. Aquaculture,1997,151(1/4):357-363.
[11]张波,孙耀,唐启升.饥饿对真鲷生长及生化组成的影响[J].水产学报,2000,24(3):206-210.
[12]林黑着,刘永坚,何建国,等.饥饿对斜带石斑鱼肝脏和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响[J].南方水产科学,2006,2(4):1-6.
[13] ZAMAL H,OLLEVIER F. Effect of feeding and lack of food on the growth,gross biochemical and fatty acid composition of juvenile catfish[J]. Journal of Fish Biology,1995,46(3):404-414.
[14]曹香林,郭蓓,彭墨,等.不同发育阶段草鱼消化酶活力的变化及其昼夜节律[J].河南农业科学,2009,38(7):120-123.
[15] RIVERA-PREZ C,NAVARRETE DEL TORO M,GARCA-CARREO F L,et al. Digestive lipase activity through development and after fasting and re-feeding in the whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei[J]. Aquaculture,2010,300(1/4):163-168.
[16]苏艳莉,戈贤平,孙盛明,等.高温季节饥饿后补偿摄食对团头鲂幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道消化酶活性及肝脏抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(11):4198-4206.
[17]王辉,强俊,李瑞伟,等.短期饥饿对奥尼罗非鱼幼鱼生长和几种消化酶的影响[J].广东海洋大学学报,2010,30(1):7-12.
[18]江丽华,朱爱意,苑淑宾.饥饿对褐菖鲉消化道指数及消化酶活力的影响[J].水产科学,2011,30(4):187-191.
[19]周兴华,向枭,向桢,等.饥饿与再投喂对中华倒刺鲃幼鱼生长和消化酶活性的影响[J].淡水渔业,2012,42(3):50-54,73.
[20]乐可鑫,汪元,彭瑞冰,等.饥饿和再投喂对虎斑乌贼幼体存活、生长和消化酶活力的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(6):2002-2008.
[21] BABAEI S,KENARI A A,HEDAYATI M,et al. Effect of diet composition on growth performance,hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon(Acipenser baerii,Brandt,1869)submitted to starvation and refeeding[J]. Fish Physiology&Biochemistry,2016,42(6):1509-1520.
[22]苏慧,区又君,李加儿,等.饥饿对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼不同组织抗氧化能力、Na+/K+-ATP酶活力和鱼体生化组成的影响[J].南方水产科学,2012,8(6):28-36.
[23]卢俊姣,刘淑兰,翟少伟.饥饿胁迫对罗非鱼肝胰脏抗氧化能力的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(35):75-79.
[24]王双健,丁玉惠,江茂旺,等.饥饿时间对管角螺生长、生化组成、消化酶活性和抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(1):138-146.