深冷处理对YG8合金/42CrMo钢钎焊接头冲击性能的影响
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摘要
为了提高YG8合金/42CrMo钢钎焊接头的性能,研究了深冷处理对接头冲击吸收能量和硬度的变化。选用Cu-Zn钎料对YG8合金/42CrMo钢进行钎焊热处理一体化处理,随后对接头进行-80℃×24 h三次深冷处理,最后进行回火处理。采用冲击试验和硬度测试对接头进行强度分析,通过对接头的断口形貌分析,并对比研究了焊缝的显微硬度、元素扩散情况以及XRD物相分析,进一步分析了深冷处理对焊接接头强度的影响机理。结果表明,与未深冷相比,经过深冷处理后的焊接接头冲击性能提高了31. 4%,焊缝的显微硬度降低6. 05 HV0. 05,接头强度得到提高。原因是深冷处理使硬质合金中Co相对WC硬质相的粘接更加牢固,减少了Co向焊缝扩散,避免硬质合金脆性的增加,同时Cu-Zn钎料中γ相减少,使其转变为以电子化合物Cu Zn为基的体心立方晶格固溶体β相,其高温塑性良好。
In order to improve the performance of YG8/42 CrMo brazed joints,the change of the impact toughness and hardness of the joints during cryogenic treatment process was studied. The brazing and heating treatment of YG8/42 CrMo was integrated using Cu-Zn brazing filler metal. The joints were then subjected to cryogenic treatments three times at-80 ℃ for 24 hours and finally tempered. The strength of the joint was investigated with the impact absorbed energy and the Vickers-hardness. The fracture morphology of the joints was analyzed.Moreover,the microhardness,element diffusion and XRD phase analysis of the weld were analyzed comparitively. Based on these analysis,the mechanism of cryogenic treatment effect on the brazed joint strength was investigated. The results demonstrate that the impact toughness of the brazed joints after cryogenic treatment increases by 31. 4%,the microhardness of the weld joints reduces by 6. 05 HV0. 05,and the joint strength improves compared with the samples that without cryogenic treatment. It is reasoned that the cryogenic treatment makes the adhesion of Co in the cemented carbide to the WC phase much firmer,and reduces the diffusion of Co to the weld. At the same time,the cryogenic treatment prevents the increase of brittleness of the cemented carbide,and makes the γ phase in the Cu-Zn solder transform into an electronic compound Cu Zn based bcc solid solution phase β with good high-temperature plasticity,reduces the amount of the γ phase.
In order to improve the performance of YG8/42 CrMo brazed joints,the change of the impact toughness and hardness of the joints during cryogenic treatment process was studied. The brazing and heating treatment of YG8/42 CrMo was integrated using Cu-Zn brazing filler metal. The joints were then subjected to cryogenic treatments three times at-80 ℃ for 24 hours and finally tempered. The strength of the joint was investigated with the impact absorbed energy and the Vickers-hardness. The fracture morphology of the joints was analyzed.Moreover,the microhardness,element diffusion and XRD phase analysis of the weld were analyzed comparitively. Based on these analysis,the mechanism of cryogenic treatment effect on the brazed joint strength was investigated. The results demonstrate that the impact toughness of the brazed joints after cryogenic treatment increases by 31. 4%,the microhardness of the weld joints reduces by 6. 05 HV0. 05,and the joint strength improves compared with the samples that without cryogenic treatment. It is reasoned that the cryogenic treatment makes the adhesion of Co in the cemented carbide to the WC phase much firmer,and reduces the diffusion of Co to the weld. At the same time,the cryogenic treatment prevents the increase of brittleness of the cemented carbide,and makes the γ phase in the Cu-Zn solder transform into an electronic compound Cu Zn based bcc solid solution phase β with good high-temperature plasticity,reduces the amount of the γ phase.
引文
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[9]李新民.深冷处理对硬质合金刀具耐磨性影响的试验研究[D].北京:北方工业大学,2010.Li Xinmin. Experimental study on the effect of cryogenic treatment on wear resistance of cemented carbide tools[D]. Beijing:Northern Polytechnical University,2010.
[10]陈洪生,冯可芹,魏仕烽,等.钎料对YG8合金与低碳钢焊接性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2011,28(5):305-310.Chen Hongsheng,Feng Keqin,Wei Shifeng,et al. Influence of solder type on brazing performance of low carbon steel and YG8 cemented carbide[J]. Cemented Carbide,2011,28(5):305-310.
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[12]谭高旭. 42CrMo截齿中频感应钎焊及热处理一体化工艺研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2013.Tan Gaoxu. Research on integrated technology of intermediate frequency inductive brazing and heat treatment for 42CrMo pick[D].Qingdao:Shandong University of Science and Technology,2013.
[13]肖晓华,卢杰,梁斐珂,等.深冷处理对X80钢焊接接头组织和力学性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2015,40(9):152-155.Xiao Xiaohua, Lu Jie, Liang Feike, et al. Effects of cryogenic treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of X80 steel welding joints[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2015, 40(9):152-155.
[14]肖尧洪,冯可芹,陈洪生,等.焊接时间对YG8/低碳钢扩散焊接头微观组织的影响[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2014(S2):182-186.Xiao Yuhong, Feng Keqin, Chen Hongsheng, et al. Effect of diffusion-bonding time on the microstructure of the YG8/low carbon steel joint[J]. Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2014(S2):182-186.
[15]靳鹏飞,吴志生,高珊,等.深冷处理对5A06铝合金焊接接头组织与性能的影响[J].焊接技术,2011,40(1):8-10.Jing Pengfei,Wuzhisheng,Gao Shan,et al. Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the microstructures and properties of welded joint of 5A06aluminum alloy[J]. Welding Technology,2011,40(1):8-10.
[16]赵菲,吴志生,弓晓园,等.镁合金钨极氩弧焊接头深冷强化机制[J].焊接学报,2014,35(2):79-82.Zhao Fei,Wu Zhisheng,Gong Xiaoyuan,et al. Mechanism of deep cryogenic strengthening of magnesium alloy joint welded by TIG[J].Journal of Welding,2014,35(2):79-82.
[2]赵菲. AZ31B镁合金TIG焊接接头的深冷强化机理[D].太原:太原科技大学,2012.Zhao Fei. Cryogenic strengthening mechanism of TIG welded joint of AZ31B magnesium alloy[D]. Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,2012.
[3]路汉刚.硬质合金与钢钎焊接头的残余应力研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006.Lu Hangang. Study on residual stress of cemented carbide and steel brazed joints[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2006.
[4]郑兴睿,万祥明,刘建雄,等. YG15与40Cr钎焊接头中脆性相的析出抑制[J].昆明理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015(3):21-26.Zheng Xingrui,Wan Xiangming,Liu Jianxiong,et al. Precipitation depression of brittle metallographic structure in Brazing of YG15 and40Cr[J]. Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2015(3):21-26.
[5]屈岳波,黄欣泉,曹彬,等.残余奥氏体对2. 25Cr-1Mo钢焊缝冲击性能的影响[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(14):44-48.Qu Yuebo,Hung Xinquan,Cao Bin,et al. Effect of retained austenite on impact properties of 2. 25Cr-1Mo steel welds[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2011,47(14):44-48.
[6]宋时兰,李万英.圆环链闪光对焊的深冷处理[J].佳木斯大学学报(自然科学版),2000,18(1):22-24.Song Shilan,Li Wanying. Cryogenic processing of flash butt welding of ring chains[J]. Journal of Jiamusi University(Natural Science),2000,18(1):22-24.
[7]万祥明. YG15硬质合金与40Cr基体的高频感应钎焊研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2011.Wan Xiangming. High frequency induction brazing of YG15 hard alloy and 40Cr matrix[D]. Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2011.
[8]Lee W B, Kwon B D, Jung S B. Effects of Cr3C2, on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the brazed joints between WC-Co and carbon steel[J]. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2006,24(3):215-221.
[9]李新民.深冷处理对硬质合金刀具耐磨性影响的试验研究[D].北京:北方工业大学,2010.Li Xinmin. Experimental study on the effect of cryogenic treatment on wear resistance of cemented carbide tools[D]. Beijing:Northern Polytechnical University,2010.
[10]陈洪生,冯可芹,魏仕烽,等.钎料对YG8合金与低碳钢焊接性能的影响[J].硬质合金,2011,28(5):305-310.Chen Hongsheng,Feng Keqin,Wei Shifeng,et al. Influence of solder type on brazing performance of low carbon steel and YG8 cemented carbide[J]. Cemented Carbide,2011,28(5):305-310.
[11]禹业晓,李玉龙.硬质合金与中碳钢的钎焊[J].热加工工艺,2013,42(11):172-174.Yu Yexiao,Li Yulong. Research on brazing of medium carbon steel and cemented carbide[J]. Hot Working Technology,2013,42(11):172-174.
[12]谭高旭. 42CrMo截齿中频感应钎焊及热处理一体化工艺研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2013.Tan Gaoxu. Research on integrated technology of intermediate frequency inductive brazing and heat treatment for 42CrMo pick[D].Qingdao:Shandong University of Science and Technology,2013.
[13]肖晓华,卢杰,梁斐珂,等.深冷处理对X80钢焊接接头组织和力学性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2015,40(9):152-155.Xiao Xiaohua, Lu Jie, Liang Feike, et al. Effects of cryogenic treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of X80 steel welding joints[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2015, 40(9):152-155.
[14]肖尧洪,冯可芹,陈洪生,等.焊接时间对YG8/低碳钢扩散焊接头微观组织的影响[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2014(S2):182-186.Xiao Yuhong, Feng Keqin, Chen Hongsheng, et al. Effect of diffusion-bonding time on the microstructure of the YG8/low carbon steel joint[J]. Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2014(S2):182-186.
[15]靳鹏飞,吴志生,高珊,等.深冷处理对5A06铝合金焊接接头组织与性能的影响[J].焊接技术,2011,40(1):8-10.Jing Pengfei,Wuzhisheng,Gao Shan,et al. Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the microstructures and properties of welded joint of 5A06aluminum alloy[J]. Welding Technology,2011,40(1):8-10.
[16]赵菲,吴志生,弓晓园,等.镁合金钨极氩弧焊接头深冷强化机制[J].焊接学报,2014,35(2):79-82.Zhao Fei,Wu Zhisheng,Gong Xiaoyuan,et al. Mechanism of deep cryogenic strengthening of magnesium alloy joint welded by TIG[J].Journal of Welding,2014,35(2):79-82.