不同碳源反硝化滤池进出水中溶解性有机物对比分析
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摘要
以某城市污水处理厂二级出水为反硝化滤池进水,利用分子排阻色谱、三维荧光(EEM)及溶解性微生物代谢产物(SMP)测定等不同分析方法对不同碳源反硝化生物滤池进出水中的溶解性有机物(DOM)进行对比研究。结果表明,滤池进水DOM中小分子物质含量最高,其中分子量为1 kDa的有机物约占总有机物的50%,分子量>10 kDa的大分子有机物约占7%。经过反硝化滤池,出水有机物种类不变,小分子有机物出水浓度下降为进水的50%,说明滤池对小分子物质有一定的去除作用。SMP测定结果表明,滤池进水中主要的SMP物质为腐植酸,约占SMP总含量的70%。在整个过滤周期内,SMP的总量变化不大,反冲洗气水冲和水冲阶段SMP的浓度增加显著。EEM分析表明,滤池正常运行时,进出水中的DOM主要成分为可见腐植质(λ_(ex)/λ_(em)=330/425)和UV腐植质(λ_(ex)/λ_(em)=230/430);反冲洗阶段,DOM含量增加,且出现类蛋白、类色氨酸;整个过滤周期内有机物的含量基本不变,说明反硝化生物滤池不能对腐植酸类物质进行降解。
Different analytical methods, such as size exclusion chromatography, three-dimensional fluorescence(EEM) and determination of soluble microbial products(SMPs), were used to compare and analyze dissolved organic matters(DOMs) in influent and effluent of denitrification biofilters with different additional carbon sources, using the secondary effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant as the feed. The results showed that DOMs of the highest content in the influent of denitrification filter were small molecules,and those with molecular weight( MW) = 1 kDa accounted for 50% of the total organic matters, while macromolecular substances with MW>10 kDa accounted for about 7%. After denitrification biofilter, the type of organic matters in the effluent remained unchanged, and the concentration of small molecules decreased to 50% of the influent, indicating the removal effect of biofilter on small molecules. The results of SMP determination showed that the main SMP substance in the influent was humic acid, accounting for about 70% of the total SMPs. The variation of SMPs in the whole filtration cycle were not significant,while the concentration of SMPs in the stages of backwash and water flushing increased significantly. Analysis of EEM spectra showed that the main components of DOMs in influent and effluent were visible humus( λ_(ex)/λ_(em)=330/425) and UV humus( λ_(ex)/λ_(em)= 230/430) during normal operation.During backwashing stage, DOMs content increased, and proteinoids and tryptophan appeared. Content of organic matters in the whole filtration cycle basically stayed unchanged, indicating that the biofilter could not degrade humic acid.
Different analytical methods, such as size exclusion chromatography, three-dimensional fluorescence(EEM) and determination of soluble microbial products(SMPs), were used to compare and analyze dissolved organic matters(DOMs) in influent and effluent of denitrification biofilters with different additional carbon sources, using the secondary effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant as the feed. The results showed that DOMs of the highest content in the influent of denitrification filter were small molecules,and those with molecular weight( MW) = 1 kDa accounted for 50% of the total organic matters, while macromolecular substances with MW>10 kDa accounted for about 7%. After denitrification biofilter, the type of organic matters in the effluent remained unchanged, and the concentration of small molecules decreased to 50% of the influent, indicating the removal effect of biofilter on small molecules. The results of SMP determination showed that the main SMP substance in the influent was humic acid, accounting for about 70% of the total SMPs. The variation of SMPs in the whole filtration cycle were not significant,while the concentration of SMPs in the stages of backwash and water flushing increased significantly. Analysis of EEM spectra showed that the main components of DOMs in influent and effluent were visible humus( λ_(ex)/λ_(em)=330/425) and UV humus( λ_(ex)/λ_(em)= 230/430) during normal operation.During backwashing stage, DOMs content increased, and proteinoids and tryptophan appeared. Content of organic matters in the whole filtration cycle basically stayed unchanged, indicating that the biofilter could not degrade humic acid.
引文
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[21]张海丰,孙宝盛,赵新华,等.溶解性微生物产物对浸没式膜生物反应器运行的影响[J].环境科学,2008, 29(1):82-86.
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[23]陈茂福,吴静,律严励,等.城市污水的三维荧光指纹特征[J].光学学报,2008, 28(3):578-582.
[24]别楚君,姚迎迎,董秉直.基于高效液相凝胶色谱与三维荧光光谱研究饮用水中溶解性有机物去除规律[J].给水排水,2017,43(2):27-33.
[25]吴静,陈庆俊,陈茂福,等.城市污水的三维荧光指纹特征比较[J].光学学报,2008, 28(10):2022-2025.
[26]郝瑞霞,曹可心,邓亦文.城市污水处理过程中有机污染物三维荧光特性的变化规律[J].分析测试学报,2007, 26(6):789-792.
[2] PETALA M, TSIRIDIS V, SAMARAS P, et al. Wastewater reclamation by advanced treatment of secondary effluents[J]. Desalination, 2006, 195(1):109-118.
[3] ZHANG R, VIGNESWARAN S, NGO H H, et al. Magnetic ion exchange(MIEX~?)resin as a pre-treatment to a submerged membrane system in the treatment of biologically treated wastewater[J].Desalination, 2006, 192(1-3):296-302.
[4]李文龙,杨碧印,陈益清,等.不同外加碳源反硝化滤池的深度脱氮特性研究[J].水处理技术,2015, 41(11):82-85.
[5]高建锋,杨碧印,赵建树,等.反硝化生物滤池用于再生水脱氮效能及动力学研究[J].环境工程学报,2016, 10(1):199-204.
[6]孙迎雪,胡银翠,孙云祥,等.反硝化生物滤池深度脱氮机理[J].环境工程学报,2012, 6(6):1857-1862.
[7] BACQUET G, JORET J C, ROGALLA F, et al. Biofilm start-up and control in aerated biofilter[J]. Environmental Technology,1991, 12(9):747-756.
[8]王保贵.污水深度处理方法去除二级出水有机物(EfOM)的效能及其缓解超滤膜污染研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2013.
[9]段文松,凌聪,李世龙,等.二级出水中溶解性有机物亲疏水性对超滤膜污染的影响[J].安全与环境学报,2017, 17(1):239-244.
[10] WANG X, WANG L, LIU Y, et al. Ozonation pretreatment for ultrafiltration of the secondary effluent[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2007, 287(2):187-191.
[11] WANG L, WANG X D, CHAI J T, et al. Influence of pretreatment on AMWD(apparent molecular weight distribution)of dissolved organics in the secondary effluent and membrane structure parameter model analysis for ultrafiltration[J]. Water Science&Technology, 2006, 6(4):99-106.
[12] ZHANG L, WANG L, ZHANG G, et al. Fouling of nanofiltration membrane by effluent organic matter:Characterization using different fractions in wastewater[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences,2009, 21(1):49-53.
[13]付焱,郭毅,张嫡群,等.欧亚旋覆花中多糖的苯酚-硫酸法测定[J].中草药,2006, 37(4):544-546.
[14]李丽.不同级分腐植酸的分子结构特征及其对菲的吸附行为的影响[D].广州:中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,2003.
[15]赵新燕,周建民,秦学.高效液相色谱硅胶柱柱效的测定研究[J].机电信息,2012(2):28-30.
[16]王旭东,刘佩,王磊,等.城市污水二级出水中溶解性有机物特性分析[J].环境工程学报,2014, 8(6):2186-2190.
[17] LI L, ZHU W, ZHANG P, et al. AC/O_3-BAC processes for removing refractory and hazardous pollutants in raw water[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2006, 135(1-3):129-133.
[18] BARKER D J, STUCKEY D C. A review of soluble microbial products(SMP)in wastewater treatment systems[J]. Water Research, 1999, 33(14):3063-3082.
[19] LIANG S, LIU C, SONG L. Soluble microbial products in membrane bioreactor operation:Behaviors, characteristics, and fouling potential[J].Water Research, 2007, 41(1):95-101.
[20]梅晓洁,王志伟,马金星,等.膜-生物反应器污泥缺氧反硝化过程中SMP的形成[J].中国环境科学,2012, 32(10):1784-1791.
[21]张海丰,孙宝盛,赵新华,等.溶解性微生物产物对浸没式膜生物反应器运行的影响[J].环境科学,2008, 29(1):82-86.
[22]傅平青,刘丛强,尹祚莹,等.腐植酸三维荧光光谱特性研究[J].地球化学,2004, 33(3):301-308.
[23]陈茂福,吴静,律严励,等.城市污水的三维荧光指纹特征[J].光学学报,2008, 28(3):578-582.
[24]别楚君,姚迎迎,董秉直.基于高效液相凝胶色谱与三维荧光光谱研究饮用水中溶解性有机物去除规律[J].给水排水,2017,43(2):27-33.
[25]吴静,陈庆俊,陈茂福,等.城市污水的三维荧光指纹特征比较[J].光学学报,2008, 28(10):2022-2025.
[26]郝瑞霞,曹可心,邓亦文.城市污水处理过程中有机污染物三维荧光特性的变化规律[J].分析测试学报,2007, 26(6):789-792.