组合滴灌管抗堵塞性能研究
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摘要
【目的】研究Φ16滴灌管在含沙量与系统工作压力下滴头堵塞规律并探究组合滴灌管解决滴头堵塞的方法。【方法】采用试验因素完全组合的方法,分选出粒径小于0.10 mm的泥沙,配制成含沙量为1.00、1.25、1.50 g/L的浑水,分别在0.025 MPa和0.075 MPa压力下,针对Φ16滴灌管,采用周期性间歇灌水试验观测滴头流量,结合克里斯琴森均匀系数和滴头相对流量分析Φ16滴灌管的堵塞规律。重新铺设Φ16滴灌管,将原滴头堵塞部位及前后各750 mm滴灌管用Φ20滴灌管替换,组成组合滴灌管,在相同含沙量与系统工作压力下探究组合滴灌管的抗堵塞性能。【结果】0.025 MPa压力下,组合滴灌管能使堵塞部位分布更集中,含沙量为1.25 g/L时,组合滴灌管的抗堵塞性能较明显;0.075 MPa,组合滴灌管抗堵塞性能随泥沙浓度增大而更明显。【结论】组合滴灌管在一定条件下能够改变滴头的堵塞规律,同时能改变滴头堵塞类型。
【Objective】Emitter clogging by sediment is a common issue in drip irrigation and in this paper we studied the feasibility of using multiple drip irrigation pipes to resolve this problem by taking the Φ16 drip irrigation pipe as an example.【Method】The size of the sediment particles in irrigation water was smaller than 0.10 mm and the sediment concentration was 1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 g/L respectively. The working pressure was 0.025 MPa and 0.075 MPa respectively. We used periodic irrigation to control the change in flow rate from the emitter and the clogging of the emitter and the pipe was analyzed using the Christiansen coefficient uniformity. We then relayed the Φ16 pipe and replaced the pipe in the proximity(750 mm) of the clogged emitter by Φ20 pipe to make a combined drip irrigation pipe; its efficacy in alleviating clogging under the same flow rate, working pressure and sediment concentration was re-analyzed experimentally.【Result】Under pressure 0.025 MPa, the combined pipe arrangement made the blockage concentrate at some locations. When the sediment concentration was 1.25 g/L,the efficiency of the system in mitigating clogging was manifest. Under pressure 0.075 MPa, the efficiency of the system in alleviating clogging improved considerably as the sediment concentration increased.【Conclusion】The combined pipe arrangement was able to mitigate pipe clogging under certain conditions and it also changed the type of blockages.
【Objective】Emitter clogging by sediment is a common issue in drip irrigation and in this paper we studied the feasibility of using multiple drip irrigation pipes to resolve this problem by taking the Φ16 drip irrigation pipe as an example.【Method】The size of the sediment particles in irrigation water was smaller than 0.10 mm and the sediment concentration was 1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 g/L respectively. The working pressure was 0.025 MPa and 0.075 MPa respectively. We used periodic irrigation to control the change in flow rate from the emitter and the clogging of the emitter and the pipe was analyzed using the Christiansen coefficient uniformity. We then relayed the Φ16 pipe and replaced the pipe in the proximity(750 mm) of the clogged emitter by Φ20 pipe to make a combined drip irrigation pipe; its efficacy in alleviating clogging under the same flow rate, working pressure and sediment concentration was re-analyzed experimentally.【Result】Under pressure 0.025 MPa, the combined pipe arrangement made the blockage concentrate at some locations. When the sediment concentration was 1.25 g/L,the efficiency of the system in mitigating clogging was manifest. Under pressure 0.075 MPa, the efficiency of the system in alleviating clogging improved considerably as the sediment concentration increased.【Conclusion】The combined pipe arrangement was able to mitigate pipe clogging under certain conditions and it also changed the type of blockages.
引文
[1]张杰武,张力,彭斌.高含沙黄河水滴灌系统关键技术的研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2012(6):78-81.
[2] GILBERT R G, NAKAYAMA F S,Bucks D A, et al.Trickle irrigation:Emitterclogging and other flow problems[J]. Agricultural Water Management,1981,3(3):159-178.
[3] C de Kreij, A.M.M van der Burg,W.T Runia. Drip irrigation emitter clogging in Dutch greenhouses as affected by methane and organic acids[J].Agricultural Water Management,2003,60(2):73-85.
[4]杜敏,范兴科,吴普特.滴头堵塞研究现状及预防措施[J].农机化研究,2004(2):110-111.
[5] Bucks D A, Nakayama F S, Gilbert R G. Trickle irrigation water quality and preventive maintenance[J]. Agricultural Water Management,1979,2(2):149-162.
[6]高俊秀.农田滴灌设备的正确使用与常见故障排除[J].农机使用与维修,2017(6):55-55.
[7] MASSOUD A.Tajrishy, DAVID J.Hills,George Tchobanoglous.Pretreatment of secondary effluent for drip irrigation[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Division, ASCE.1994,120(4):716-731.
[8]陈斌.內镶式滴灌管滴头堵塞原因及防止方法[J].现代农业科技,2006(12):127-127.
[9]马晓鹏,龚时宏,王建东,等.额定压力及低压下內镶片式滴头抗堵塞性能试验[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(7):86-90.
[10]王心阳,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.泥沙粒径及压力对滴头抗堵塞性能的影响[J].节水灌溉,2014,(10):18-21.
[11]王心阳,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.温室小管径滴灌管堵塞的影响因素及堵塞规律分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2014,33(4):144-148.
[12]王建东.滴头水力性能与抗堵塞性能试验研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2004.
[13]穆乃君,张昕,李光永,等.內镶片式齿型迷宫滴头抗堵塞试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(8)34-39.
[14]曹蒙,魏正英,葛令行,等.滴头壁面形貌对颗粒与壁面粘附特性的影响[J].西安交通大学学报,2009,43(9):120-124.
[15]闫大壮,杨培岭,任树梅.滴头流道中颗粒物质运移动态分析与CFD模拟[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(6):71-74.
[16]牛文全,刘璐.浑水特性与水温对滴头抗堵塞性能的影响[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(3):39-45.
[17]刘璐,牛文全,Bob Zhou.细小泥沙粒径对迷宫流道灌水器堵塞的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(1):87-93.
[18]姚振宪,何松林.滴灌设备与滴灌系统规划设计[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999.
[19]牛文全,吴普特,范兴科.低压滴灌系统研究[J].节水灌溉,2005(2):29-30.
[20]洪明,李援农,马英杰,等.不同流态条件下低压滴灌灌水器工作水头与灌水均匀度关系的研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2009(8):8-11.
[21] CHRISTIANSEN J E. Irrigation by sprinkling[R].Sacramento, California:California Agricultural Experiment Station,1942.
[22]刘璐,李康勇,牛文全,等.温度对施肥滴灌系统滴头堵塞的影响[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(2):98-104.
[23]王德次.滴灌灌水器及其设计要点[J].中国农村水利水电,2007(3):53-54.
[24]张建婷,樊贵盛,马丹妮.低温区温室大棚滴灌系统设计的若干问题[J].中国农村水利水电,2012(8):34-37.
[25] RAVINA I, PAZ E, SOFER Z, et al.Control of emitter clogging in drip iggigation with reclaimed wastewater[J].Irrigation Science,1992,13(3):129-139.
[26] PEI Y, LI Y, LIU Y, et al. Eight emitters clogging characteristics and its suitability under on-site reclaimed water drip irrigation[J]. Irrigation Science,2014, 32(2):141-157.
[2] GILBERT R G, NAKAYAMA F S,Bucks D A, et al.Trickle irrigation:Emitterclogging and other flow problems[J]. Agricultural Water Management,1981,3(3):159-178.
[3] C de Kreij, A.M.M van der Burg,W.T Runia. Drip irrigation emitter clogging in Dutch greenhouses as affected by methane and organic acids[J].Agricultural Water Management,2003,60(2):73-85.
[4]杜敏,范兴科,吴普特.滴头堵塞研究现状及预防措施[J].农机化研究,2004(2):110-111.
[5] Bucks D A, Nakayama F S, Gilbert R G. Trickle irrigation water quality and preventive maintenance[J]. Agricultural Water Management,1979,2(2):149-162.
[6]高俊秀.农田滴灌设备的正确使用与常见故障排除[J].农机使用与维修,2017(6):55-55.
[7] MASSOUD A.Tajrishy, DAVID J.Hills,George Tchobanoglous.Pretreatment of secondary effluent for drip irrigation[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Division, ASCE.1994,120(4):716-731.
[8]陈斌.內镶式滴灌管滴头堵塞原因及防止方法[J].现代农业科技,2006(12):127-127.
[9]马晓鹏,龚时宏,王建东,等.额定压力及低压下內镶片式滴头抗堵塞性能试验[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(7):86-90.
[10]王心阳,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.泥沙粒径及压力对滴头抗堵塞性能的影响[J].节水灌溉,2014,(10):18-21.
[11]王心阳,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.温室小管径滴灌管堵塞的影响因素及堵塞规律分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2014,33(4):144-148.
[12]王建东.滴头水力性能与抗堵塞性能试验研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2004.
[13]穆乃君,张昕,李光永,等.內镶片式齿型迷宫滴头抗堵塞试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(8)34-39.
[14]曹蒙,魏正英,葛令行,等.滴头壁面形貌对颗粒与壁面粘附特性的影响[J].西安交通大学学报,2009,43(9):120-124.
[15]闫大壮,杨培岭,任树梅.滴头流道中颗粒物质运移动态分析与CFD模拟[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(6):71-74.
[16]牛文全,刘璐.浑水特性与水温对滴头抗堵塞性能的影响[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(3):39-45.
[17]刘璐,牛文全,Bob Zhou.细小泥沙粒径对迷宫流道灌水器堵塞的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(1):87-93.
[18]姚振宪,何松林.滴灌设备与滴灌系统规划设计[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999.
[19]牛文全,吴普特,范兴科.低压滴灌系统研究[J].节水灌溉,2005(2):29-30.
[20]洪明,李援农,马英杰,等.不同流态条件下低压滴灌灌水器工作水头与灌水均匀度关系的研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2009(8):8-11.
[21] CHRISTIANSEN J E. Irrigation by sprinkling[R].Sacramento, California:California Agricultural Experiment Station,1942.
[22]刘璐,李康勇,牛文全,等.温度对施肥滴灌系统滴头堵塞的影响[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(2):98-104.
[23]王德次.滴灌灌水器及其设计要点[J].中国农村水利水电,2007(3):53-54.
[24]张建婷,樊贵盛,马丹妮.低温区温室大棚滴灌系统设计的若干问题[J].中国农村水利水电,2012(8):34-37.
[25] RAVINA I, PAZ E, SOFER Z, et al.Control of emitter clogging in drip iggigation with reclaimed wastewater[J].Irrigation Science,1992,13(3):129-139.
[26] PEI Y, LI Y, LIU Y, et al. Eight emitters clogging characteristics and its suitability under on-site reclaimed water drip irrigation[J]. Irrigation Science,2014, 32(2):141-157.