基于感官分析技术的烤烟厚度参比样研制
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摘要
【背景和目的】烟叶评级身份评价时,经常发生不同产区烤烟的身份被描述为同一档次,而其实际身份却不一致的现象。厚度作为身份指标的重要组成部分,其参比样的建立既有利于身份评价,也有助于评级人员统一认识。【方法】依据"感官特性参比样建立一般导则"国家标准,采集厚度范围很广的全国代表性烤烟样品,筛选并初步分为9个不同厚度档次,通过感官分析排序法结合Friedman检验、多重比较与分组、二项式分布等方法,科学调整为7个厚度档次。【结果】经外部评价小组验证,本套厚度参比样档次充足,相邻档次厚度差异合理。基于本参比样对照评价来自河南许昌、重庆黔江和贵州毕节的烤烟厚度,发现比《烤烟》国标更能准确区分不同产地间的厚度差异。结合物理厚度测量,发现本参比样档次间差异充分体现心理物理学定律,符合厚度的人类感知差异,具有可靠的参考依据与实用价值。【结论】所建立烤烟厚度参比样利于统一感官尺度,易于体现区域外观厚度特征差别,可以在烟叶评级工作中加强对厚度特性的感知和定位。
In tobacco identity evaluation, the identity of ?ue-cured tobacco from different producing areas is often described as the same grade, even though their actual identity is inconsistent. Thickness is an important part of identity index. The establishment of its reference sample is not only conducive to identity evaluation, but also helpful to the uni?ed understanding of rating personnel. National guidelines for general guidelines were established according to reference samples of sensory characteristics. Representative national ?ue-cured tobacco samples with a wide range of thickness were collected, screened and preliminarily divided into 9 grades of different thickness. By means of sensory analysis sequencing combined with Friedman test, multiple comparison and grouping, binomial distribution and other methods,seven thickness grades were adjusted scienti?cally. It has been veri?ed that the thickness of the reference sample is suf?cient, and the difference between adjacent grades is reasonable. By using reference samples to evaluate the thickness of tobacco from Xuchang, Qianjiang and Bijie, it was found that the thickness difference between different origins could be more accurately distinguished than the national standard of ?ue-cured tobacco. By measuring physical thickness, it was found that the difference between levels of reference samples fully re?ected the laws of psychological physics, which has a reliable reference and practical value. The conclusions show that the reference sample of the established leaf thickness is bene?cial to the uni?ed sensory scale and can easily re?ect the difference in the thickness of tobacco from different regions. The perception and positioning of thickness can be enhanced in tobacco leaf grading.
In tobacco identity evaluation, the identity of ?ue-cured tobacco from different producing areas is often described as the same grade, even though their actual identity is inconsistent. Thickness is an important part of identity index. The establishment of its reference sample is not only conducive to identity evaluation, but also helpful to the uni?ed understanding of rating personnel. National guidelines for general guidelines were established according to reference samples of sensory characteristics. Representative national ?ue-cured tobacco samples with a wide range of thickness were collected, screened and preliminarily divided into 9 grades of different thickness. By means of sensory analysis sequencing combined with Friedman test, multiple comparison and grouping, binomial distribution and other methods,seven thickness grades were adjusted scienti?cally. It has been veri?ed that the thickness of the reference sample is suf?cient, and the difference between adjacent grades is reasonable. By using reference samples to evaluate the thickness of tobacco from Xuchang, Qianjiang and Bijie, it was found that the thickness difference between different origins could be more accurately distinguished than the national standard of ?ue-cured tobacco. By measuring physical thickness, it was found that the difference between levels of reference samples fully re?ected the laws of psychological physics, which has a reliable reference and practical value. The conclusions show that the reference sample of the established leaf thickness is bene?cial to the uni?ed sensory scale and can easily re?ect the difference in the thickness of tobacco from different regions. The perception and positioning of thickness can be enhanced in tobacco leaf grading.
引文
[1]GB 2635-92,烤烟[S].GB 2635-92,Flue-cured tobacco[S].
[2]魏春阳,薛超群,金立锋,等.县级区域尺度下烤烟烟叶厚度的区域特征[J].中国烟草科学,2010(4):52-55.Wei Chunyang,Xue Chaoqun,Jin Lifeng,et al.Regional Characteristics of Flue-cured Tobacco Leaf Thickness at County Scale[J].China Tobacco Science,2010(4):52-55.
[3]张鑫,付秋娟,窦家宇,等.烤烟烟叶厚度测量方法及主要产区烟叶厚度的分析研究[J].中国烟草学报,2014,20(3):42-47.Zhang Xin,Fu Qiujuan,Dou Jiayu,et al.Study on the method of measuring the thickness of flue-cured tobacco leaves and the thickness of tobacco leaves in the main producing areas[J].Chinese Journal of Tomology,2014,20(3):42-47.
[4]GB/T 23470.1-2009,感官分析感官分析实验室人员一般导则[S].GB/T 23470.1-2009,Sensory analysis-General guidance for the staff of a sensory[S].
[5]烟叶分级工国家职业技能标准[S].National vocational skills standard for tobacco grading workers[S]
[6]GB/T 12315-2008,感官分析方法学排序法[S].GB/T 12315-2008,Sensory analysis????-MethodologyRanking[S].
[7]GB/T 12310-2012,感官分析方法成对比较检验[S].GB/T 12315-2012,Sensory analysis method-paired comparison test[S].
[8]杨祝军,齐永杰,欧清华,等.烤烟身份感官分析描述词的构建[J].农业与技术,2015(4):254-255.Yang Zhujun,Qi Yongjie,Ou Qinghua,et al.Construction of Descriptive Words for Sensory Analysis of Flue-cured Tobacco Identity[J].Agriculture and Technology,2015(4):254-255.
[2]魏春阳,薛超群,金立锋,等.县级区域尺度下烤烟烟叶厚度的区域特征[J].中国烟草科学,2010(4):52-55.Wei Chunyang,Xue Chaoqun,Jin Lifeng,et al.Regional Characteristics of Flue-cured Tobacco Leaf Thickness at County Scale[J].China Tobacco Science,2010(4):52-55.
[3]张鑫,付秋娟,窦家宇,等.烤烟烟叶厚度测量方法及主要产区烟叶厚度的分析研究[J].中国烟草学报,2014,20(3):42-47.Zhang Xin,Fu Qiujuan,Dou Jiayu,et al.Study on the method of measuring the thickness of flue-cured tobacco leaves and the thickness of tobacco leaves in the main producing areas[J].Chinese Journal of Tomology,2014,20(3):42-47.
[4]GB/T 23470.1-2009,感官分析感官分析实验室人员一般导则[S].GB/T 23470.1-2009,Sensory analysis-General guidance for the staff of a sensory[S].
[5]烟叶分级工国家职业技能标准[S].National vocational skills standard for tobacco grading workers[S]
[6]GB/T 12315-2008,感官分析方法学排序法[S].GB/T 12315-2008,Sensory analysis????-MethodologyRanking[S].
[7]GB/T 12310-2012,感官分析方法成对比较检验[S].GB/T 12315-2012,Sensory analysis method-paired comparison test[S].
[8]杨祝军,齐永杰,欧清华,等.烤烟身份感官分析描述词的构建[J].农业与技术,2015(4):254-255.Yang Zhujun,Qi Yongjie,Ou Qinghua,et al.Construction of Descriptive Words for Sensory Analysis of Flue-cured Tobacco Identity[J].Agriculture and Technology,2015(4):254-255.