新型硅藻土调湿材料温湿度调节效果及机制
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摘要
通过小室试验研究新型硅藻土调湿材料对室内温湿度的调节效果,根据X射线衍射、环境扫描电镜分析及材料的吸附/解吸理论研究材料的改性机制和调湿机制。研究表明,小室内表面涂覆0.5 mm厚硅藻土调湿材料时,密闭条件下,调湿材料对单位空间的最大吸、放湿量分别为2.51和1.76 g/m~3,能将小室内相对湿度维持在50%～60%。与外界有换气条件下,随着预留缝隙的增大,材料对小室内湿度有效调节作用逐渐减弱,但对温度仍有1～2℃的调节作用。硅藻土调湿材料具有纳米级微孔特征及微孔内壁的缔合羟基作用,在毛细孔道效应、化学吸附和表面物理吸附的共同作用下,材料具有优异的吸放湿功能。
The effect of indoortemperature and humidity control of new diatomite humidity-controlling materials was tested experimentally. Based on the absorption/desorption theory of materials, the modified mechanism and the humidity-controlling mechanism of the diatomite humidity-controlling materials were investigated based on the X-ray diffraction and environmental scanning electron microscope.The results show that the maximum moisture absorption of humidity-controlling materials for unit space was 2.51 g/m~3 and the maximum moisture desorption was 1.76 g/m~3 when the thickness of the inner surface coating was 0.5 mm under the sealed condition. The relative humidity could be maintained at 50%-60%. Under the condition of ventilation with the outside, the effect of the material on the humidity regulation was gradually weakened with the increase of the reserved gap while the temperature had 1-2 ℃ regulation. The diatomite humidity-controlling materials have nanoscale micropore characteristics and the associative hydroxyl effect of the inner wall of micropores. The diatomite humidity-controlling materials have excellent performance of absorption and desorption under the combination of capillary channel, chemical adsorption and surface physical adsorption.
The effect of indoortemperature and humidity control of new diatomite humidity-controlling materials was tested experimentally. Based on the absorption/desorption theory of materials, the modified mechanism and the humidity-controlling mechanism of the diatomite humidity-controlling materials were investigated based on the X-ray diffraction and environmental scanning electron microscope.The results show that the maximum moisture absorption of humidity-controlling materials for unit space was 2.51 g/m~3 and the maximum moisture desorption was 1.76 g/m~3 when the thickness of the inner surface coating was 0.5 mm under the sealed condition. The relative humidity could be maintained at 50%-60%. Under the condition of ventilation with the outside, the effect of the material on the humidity regulation was gradually weakened with the increase of the reserved gap while the temperature had 1-2 ℃ regulation. The diatomite humidity-controlling materials have nanoscale micropore characteristics and the associative hydroxyl effect of the inner wall of micropores. The diatomite humidity-controlling materials have excellent performance of absorption and desorption under the combination of capillary channel, chemical adsorption and surface physical adsorption.
引文
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[6] Feng Daoyan, Lin Zhen, Liu Miaomiao, et al. Silica-alumina gel humidity control beads with bimodal pore structure produced by phase separation during the sol-gel process[J]. Microporous & Mesoporous Materials, 2016(222):138-144.
[7] Wang Jihui, Li Yan, Zhang Ziyang. Synthesis and humidity controlling behaviors of attapulgite/polyacrylic acid composite[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research,2010,24(2):113-117(in Chinese).王吉会,李燕,张子洋. 凹凸棒粘土/聚丙烯酸复合材料的制备与调湿性能[J]. 材料研究学报,2010,24(2):113-117.
[8] Wu Zhimin, Qin Menghao, Chen Zhi. Phase change humidity control material and its application in buildings[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2017(205):1011-1018.
[9] Dong Fei. Synthesis and humidity controlling properties of mineral/poly(sodium acrylate-acrylamide) composite[D].Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2014(in Chinese).董飞. 3种无机矿物/聚(丙烯酸—丙烯酰胺)调湿复合材料的制备及性能研究[D].天津:天津大学,2014.
[10] Hu Zhibo, Zheng Shuilin, Tan Ye, et al. Preparation and characterization of diatomite/silica composite humidity control material by partial alkali dissolution[J]. Materials Letters, 2017(196):234-237.
[11] Vu D H, Wang K S, Bac B H, et al. Humidity control materials prepared from diatomite and volcanic ash [J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2013(38): 1066-1072.
[12] Cai Linxiang, Yu Hang, Zhao Mei. Experimental study on effect of humidity controlling building materials on indoor temperature and humidity control[J]. Building Science,2016,32(2):54-60(in Chinese).蔡林翔,于航,赵美. 调湿型建筑材料对室内温湿度调节效果实验研究[J]. 建筑科学,2016,32(2):54-60.
[13] Hu Mingyu, Fu Chao. Properties of diatomite humidity-controlling materials and its humidity controlling mechanism[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2017,48(4):4007-4012(in Chinese).胡明玉,付超.硅藻土调湿材料的性能及调湿机理研究[J].功能材料,2017,48(4):4007-4012.
[14] Hu Mingyu, Fu Chao, Wei Lili, et al. A high-strength and water-resistant humidity-controlling material prepared by modifying diatomite with vanadium-and iron-containing compound slag[J]. Materials Review, 2018,32(8):1230-1235(in Chinese).胡明玉,付超,魏丽丽,等.钒铁渣复合物改性硅藻土制备高强耐水调湿材料[J].材料导报,2018,32(8):1230-1235.
[15] Zhao Rongyi. Air conditioning[M]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2008:2-18(in Chinese).赵荣义.空气调节[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008:2-18.
[16] Tian Ying. Preparation and performance on the diatom styrene-acrylic internal wall coating[D].Shenyang: Shenyang Jianzhu University, 2014(in Chinese).田莹.硅藻基苯丙内墙涂料的制备与性能[D].沈阳:沈阳建筑大学, 2014.
[17] Lyu Rongchao. Fundamental researches of sepiolite, diatomite and zeolite as humidity control building materials[D]. Beijing: China Building Materials Academy, 2005(in Chinese).吕荣超. 海泡石、硅藻土、沸石、作为调湿建筑材料的基础研究[D].北京:中国建筑材料科学研究院,2005.
[18] Yuan Peng, Wu Daqing, Lin Zhongyu. Study on the surface hydroxyl species of diatomite using DRIFT spectroscopy[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2001(6):783-786(in Chinese).袁鹏,吴大清,林种玉.硅藻土表面羟基的漫反射红外光谱(DRIFT)研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2001(6):783-786.
[19] Wang Rongmin, Wang Junfeng, Wang Xiaowen, et al. Preparation of acrylate-based copolymer emulsion and its humidity controlling mechanism in interior wall coatings[J]. Progress in Organic Coatings,2011, 71(4):369-375.
[2] Lei Panpan, Wei Jihui, Yu Qijun, et al. Study on the modification of natural mordenite and its humidity performance[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2013,35(12):15-20(in Chinese).雷盼盼,韦江雄,余其俊,等.沸石改性及调湿性能研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2013,35(12):15-20.
[3] Deng Ni, Wu Shuanglei, Chen Huxing. Overview on research of humidity-controlling materials[J].Materials Review, 2013,27(S2):368-371(in Chinese).邓妮,武双磊,陈胡星.调湿材料的研究概述[J].材料导报,2013,27(S2):368-371.
[4] Li Wei, Zhang Jian, Li Na, et al. Preparation and properties of functional coating with diatomite loading titanium[J]. Journal of Functional Materials, 2015,46(22):22141-22144(in Chinese).李炜,张健,李娜,等.载钛硅藻土功能涂料的制备及性能[J].功能材料,2015,46(22):22141-22144.
[5] Wang Hanqing, Yi Hui, Li Duanru, et al. Experimental research on sepiolite humidity-controlling coating’s preparation and humidity performance[J]. Building Science,2014,30(12):60-64(in Chinese).王汉青,易辉,李端茹,等.海泡石调湿涂料配制及调湿性能试验研究[J].建筑科学,2014,30(12):60-64.
[6] Feng Daoyan, Lin Zhen, Liu Miaomiao, et al. Silica-alumina gel humidity control beads with bimodal pore structure produced by phase separation during the sol-gel process[J]. Microporous & Mesoporous Materials, 2016(222):138-144.
[7] Wang Jihui, Li Yan, Zhang Ziyang. Synthesis and humidity controlling behaviors of attapulgite/polyacrylic acid composite[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research,2010,24(2):113-117(in Chinese).王吉会,李燕,张子洋. 凹凸棒粘土/聚丙烯酸复合材料的制备与调湿性能[J]. 材料研究学报,2010,24(2):113-117.
[8] Wu Zhimin, Qin Menghao, Chen Zhi. Phase change humidity control material and its application in buildings[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2017(205):1011-1018.
[9] Dong Fei. Synthesis and humidity controlling properties of mineral/poly(sodium acrylate-acrylamide) composite[D].Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2014(in Chinese).董飞. 3种无机矿物/聚(丙烯酸—丙烯酰胺)调湿复合材料的制备及性能研究[D].天津:天津大学,2014.
[10] Hu Zhibo, Zheng Shuilin, Tan Ye, et al. Preparation and characterization of diatomite/silica composite humidity control material by partial alkali dissolution[J]. Materials Letters, 2017(196):234-237.
[11] Vu D H, Wang K S, Bac B H, et al. Humidity control materials prepared from diatomite and volcanic ash [J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2013(38): 1066-1072.
[12] Cai Linxiang, Yu Hang, Zhao Mei. Experimental study on effect of humidity controlling building materials on indoor temperature and humidity control[J]. Building Science,2016,32(2):54-60(in Chinese).蔡林翔,于航,赵美. 调湿型建筑材料对室内温湿度调节效果实验研究[J]. 建筑科学,2016,32(2):54-60.
[13] Hu Mingyu, Fu Chao. Properties of diatomite humidity-controlling materials and its humidity controlling mechanism[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2017,48(4):4007-4012(in Chinese).胡明玉,付超.硅藻土调湿材料的性能及调湿机理研究[J].功能材料,2017,48(4):4007-4012.
[14] Hu Mingyu, Fu Chao, Wei Lili, et al. A high-strength and water-resistant humidity-controlling material prepared by modifying diatomite with vanadium-and iron-containing compound slag[J]. Materials Review, 2018,32(8):1230-1235(in Chinese).胡明玉,付超,魏丽丽,等.钒铁渣复合物改性硅藻土制备高强耐水调湿材料[J].材料导报,2018,32(8):1230-1235.
[15] Zhao Rongyi. Air conditioning[M]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2008:2-18(in Chinese).赵荣义.空气调节[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008:2-18.
[16] Tian Ying. Preparation and performance on the diatom styrene-acrylic internal wall coating[D].Shenyang: Shenyang Jianzhu University, 2014(in Chinese).田莹.硅藻基苯丙内墙涂料的制备与性能[D].沈阳:沈阳建筑大学, 2014.
[17] Lyu Rongchao. Fundamental researches of sepiolite, diatomite and zeolite as humidity control building materials[D]. Beijing: China Building Materials Academy, 2005(in Chinese).吕荣超. 海泡石、硅藻土、沸石、作为调湿建筑材料的基础研究[D].北京:中国建筑材料科学研究院,2005.
[18] Yuan Peng, Wu Daqing, Lin Zhongyu. Study on the surface hydroxyl species of diatomite using DRIFT spectroscopy[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2001(6):783-786(in Chinese).袁鹏,吴大清,林种玉.硅藻土表面羟基的漫反射红外光谱(DRIFT)研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2001(6):783-786.
[19] Wang Rongmin, Wang Junfeng, Wang Xiaowen, et al. Preparation of acrylate-based copolymer emulsion and its humidity controlling mechanism in interior wall coatings[J]. Progress in Organic Coatings,2011, 71(4):369-375.