武汉市高密度居住区夏季室外热环境实测分析
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摘要
为了研究夏热冬冷地区高密度居住小区夏季热环境的特点,通过对武汉市某高密度居住小区在夏季典型气象日的空气温度,相对湿度以及风速风向进行现场实测,定量的分析了夏热冬冷地区高密度居住小区的热环境现状以及不同的建筑,区域绿化和水体对区域热环境的影响。结果表明:高密度居住区的热环境较一般地带差,且与区域内的建筑布局有关,高密度居住区内空气温度较气象站高出3℃,平均风速低0.5 m/s。位于混凝土柏油路面上的测点上方空气温度整体相对其他测点要高,接着是花岗岩硬质铺地,位于绿化草坪内的温度最低。其次位于围合式建筑布局区域的温度较行列式布局高,当城市下垫面类型相同时,测试区域的绿化遮阳和建筑阴影对热环境的改善作用较为明显。
In order to study the characteristics of heat environment in densely populated residential area in hot summer and cold winter area, by field measurement of the air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed and direction of a typical high density residential area in Wuhan in summer, quantitative analysis of summer heat The current situation of thermal environment in high-density residential areas in winter and cold regions and the influence of different buildings,regional afforestation and water bodies on the regional thermal environment. The results show that the thermal environment in high-density residential areas is worse than that in normal areas, and is related to the building layout in the area. The air temperature in high-density residential areas is 3 ℃ higher than the weather station and the average wind speed is 0.5 m/s lower. The air temperature above the measuring point on the road surface is generally higher than other measuring points, followed by hard-laying granite and the lowest temperature in the greening lawn. Secondly, the temperature in the enclosing building layout area is higher than that in the determinant layout. The same type of pad surface, the test area of green shade and architectural shadow on the improvement of the thermal environment is more obvious.
In order to study the characteristics of heat environment in densely populated residential area in hot summer and cold winter area, by field measurement of the air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed and direction of a typical high density residential area in Wuhan in summer, quantitative analysis of summer heat The current situation of thermal environment in high-density residential areas in winter and cold regions and the influence of different buildings,regional afforestation and water bodies on the regional thermal environment. The results show that the thermal environment in high-density residential areas is worse than that in normal areas, and is related to the building layout in the area. The air temperature in high-density residential areas is 3 ℃ higher than the weather station and the average wind speed is 0.5 m/s lower. The air temperature above the measuring point on the road surface is generally higher than other measuring points, followed by hard-laying granite and the lowest temperature in the greening lawn. Secondly, the temperature in the enclosing building layout area is higher than that in the determinant layout. The same type of pad surface, the test area of green shade and architectural shadow on the improvement of the thermal environment is more obvious.
引文
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[3]刘海萍,宋德萱.上海高密度住区内绿化体系对热环境影响的实测及评估[J].住宅科技,2015,(11):19-23.
[4]Chen L,Ng E,An X,et al.Sky view factor analysis of street cany-ons and its implications for daytime intra‐urban air temperature differentials in high rise,high density urban areas of Hong Kong:a GIS based simulation approach[J].International Journal of Climatology,2012,32(1):121-136.
[5]Wong N H,Jusuf S K,Syafii N I,et al.Evaluation of the impact of the surrounding urban morphology on building energy consumnsumption[J].Solar Energy,2011,85(1):57-71.
[6]Lee S H,Lee K S,Jin W C,et al.Effect of an urban park on air temperature differences in a central business district area[J].Landscape&Ecological Engineering,2009,5(2):183-191.
[7]张磊,孟庆林.湿热地区大学校园夏季热环境测试与分析[J].建筑科学,2011,27(2):48-51.
[8]Chen Y,Hien W N.Thermal benefits of city parks[J].Energy&Buildings,2006,38(2):105-120.
[9]陈卓伦.绿化体系对湿热地区建筑组团室外热环境影响研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2010.
[10]李丽,陈绕超,孙甲朋,等.广州大学校园夏季室外热环境测试与分析[J].广州大学学报(自然科学版),2015,14(2):48-54.
[11]陈光.广州地区底层架空对教育建筑组团室外热环境影响[D].广州:华南理工大学,2012.
[12]Yang F,Lau S S Y,Qian F.Summertime heat island intensities in three high-rise housing quarters in inner-city Shanghai China:Building layout,density and greenery[J].Building&Environment,2010,45(1):115-134.