层间岩溶研究进展及塔中奥陶系层间岩溶井下特征
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摘要
油气田勘探中,与不整合面有关的碳酸盐岩古风化壳、古岩溶储层普遍发育,为油气富集的重点区域。塔里木盆地塔中地区层间岩溶储层目前勘探已获得较大突破,获得了大规模的工业油气流,奥陶系鹰山组层间岩溶储层发育在距顶30～180m地层厚度范围内。为进一步明确塔中地区层间岩溶发育模式及岩溶储层特征,调研了国内外层间岩溶储层研究经验,基于野外露头与井下地质、岩样、测井分析成果,建立了适合塔里木盆地的层间岩溶概念,提出了两种岩溶模式,即塔北潜山型岩溶和塔中层间岩溶型。并阐述了塔中层间岩溶发育特征,鹰山组上部层间岩溶被泥质充填,测井显示为高伽马值,鹰山组中下部高伽马发育段下伏层间岩溶是勘探重点目标,为岩溶发育最有利部位。
In the exploration of oil and gas fields, carbonate paleo-weathering crust and paleokarst reservoir related to unconformity surface are widely developed, which are the key areas for oil and gas enrichment. Interlayer karst reservoirs in Tazhong area of Tarim Basin have made great breakthroughs in exploration and obtained large-scale industrial oil and gas flow. The interlayer karst reservoirs of Yingshan Formation of Ordovician are developed in the thickness range of 30-180 m from the top. In order to further clarify the interlayer karst development model and the characteristics of karst reservoir in Tazhong area, the research experience of interlayer karst reservoir at home and abroad was investigated. Based on outcrop and downhole geology, rock samples and logging analysis results, the concept of interlayer karst suitable for Tarim Basin was established, and two karst models, namely Tabei buried hill type, were put forward. Karst and interlayer karst type. The characteristics of interlayer karst development in middle Tarim are expounded. The upper interlayer karst of Yingshan Formation is filled with mud and logging shows high gamma value. The underlying interlayer karst in the middle and lower high gamma development section of Yingshan Formation is the key exploration target and the most favorable position for Karst development.
In the exploration of oil and gas fields, carbonate paleo-weathering crust and paleokarst reservoir related to unconformity surface are widely developed, which are the key areas for oil and gas enrichment. Interlayer karst reservoirs in Tazhong area of Tarim Basin have made great breakthroughs in exploration and obtained large-scale industrial oil and gas flow. The interlayer karst reservoirs of Yingshan Formation of Ordovician are developed in the thickness range of 30-180 m from the top. In order to further clarify the interlayer karst development model and the characteristics of karst reservoir in Tazhong area, the research experience of interlayer karst reservoir at home and abroad was investigated. Based on outcrop and downhole geology, rock samples and logging analysis results, the concept of interlayer karst suitable for Tarim Basin was established, and two karst models, namely Tabei buried hill type, were put forward. Karst and interlayer karst type. The characteristics of interlayer karst development in middle Tarim are expounded. The upper interlayer karst of Yingshan Formation is filled with mud and logging shows high gamma value. The underlying interlayer karst in the middle and lower high gamma development section of Yingshan Formation is the key exploration target and the most favorable position for Karst development.
引文
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[2]傅恒,韩建辉,孟万斌,等.塔里木盆地塔中北坡奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶储层的形成机理[J].天然气工业,2017,37(3):25-36.
[3]陈红汉,吴悠,朱红涛,等.塔中地区北坡中—下奥陶统早成岩岩溶作用及储层形成模式[J].石油学报,2016,37(10):1231-1246.
[4]王招明,张丽娟,孙崇浩.塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶分类、期次及勘探思路[J].古地理学报,2015,17(5):635-644.
[5]高宏亮,杨文静,秦桂珍,等.轮南地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶发育模式[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(3):248-249.
[6]吴孔友,王雨洁,李竹强.冀中坳陷前第三系碳酸盐岩岩溶发育模式[J].中国岩溶,2010,29(4):402-409.
[7]严威,王兴志,王振宇,等.塔中及相邻地区早奥陶世沉积格局新论[J].沉积学报,2010,28(6):1090-1097.
[8]罗啸泉,郭东晓,蓝江华.威远气田震旦系灯影组古岩溶与成藏探讨[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2001(4):54-60.
[9]吴熙纯,李培华,金香福,等.鄂尔多斯南部奥陶系古岩溶带对天然气储层的控制[J].石油与天然气地质,1997(4):36-41.
[10]冯仁蔚,欧阳诚,庞艳君,等.层间风化壳岩溶发育演化模式——以塔中川庆EPCC区块奥陶系鹰一段—鹰二段为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(1):45-54.
[11]赵文智,沈安江,潘文庆,等.碳酸盐岩岩溶储层类型研究及对勘探的指导意义——以塔里木盆地岩溶储层为例[J].岩石学报,2013,29(9):3213-3222.
[12]耿晓洁,林畅松,吴斌.古地貌对塔中地区鹰山组岩溶结构及分布的控制作用[J].岩性油气藏,2018,30(4):46-55.