试论体育新闻学知识体系的独立性及研究的逻辑起点
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摘要
体育新闻学知识体系搭建是体育新闻传播学研究和教学的核心问题,近期随着"新闻学重造"的提出,体育新闻学理应重新审视自身的逻辑框架。体育新闻学是对体育新闻实践逻辑规范的提炼和概括,体育实践决定着体育新闻实践的独立性。体育实践是由运动员和体育比赛、观众、管理者和赞助者、评论家四部分构成的"间隔"活动空间,并与体育规则、体育价值观等规范形成体育实践的自身语境。从体育新闻传播的视角,体育分为实践体育和观赏体育。体育实践的特殊性反馈到体育新闻实践中,具体表现为围绕体育符号的转换而进行的媒体内容制作实践。体育新闻学知识体系框架分为三个部分:体育新闻内容制作原理、体育传媒业、体育新闻与社会。体育符号信息和体育新闻定义这两个重要概念是体育新闻学知识体系的逻辑起点。同时,还应该看到,新媒体平台的本质即形成以关系为主的网络社会,而体育新闻传播的本质即各类体育关系的连接,因此,观赏体育特别是实践体育更加契合网络新媒体时代传播,并进一步印证了体育新闻学的专业逻辑。
The construction of sports journalism knowledge system is the core issue for sports journalism research and teaching. Recently,with the introduction of " remodeling journalism",sports journalism should re-examine its own logical framework. Sports journalism is a generalization and refinement of the professional logic of sports journalism practice. Sports practice determines the independence of sports journalism practice. Sports practice is an " interval" space composed of athletes,patrons,spectators,and commentators,and constitutes the context of sports practice together with sports rules,sports values,and so on. From the perspective of sports news communication,sports are divided into participant sports and spectator sports. The particularity of sports practice is fed back into the practice of sports news,which is embodied in the practice of media content production around the transformation of sports symbols. The sports journalism knowledge system framework is divided into three parts: the principle of sports news content production,sports media industry,sports news and society.The definitions of sports symbolic information and sports news are the logical starting points of sports journalism knowledge system. Meanwhile,it is should be noted that the essence of the new media platform is to form a network society based on relationship,and the essence of sports journalism is the connection of various sports relations. Therefore,spectator sports,especially participant sports,are more in line with the new media era,and further confirm the professional logic of sports journalism.
The construction of sports journalism knowledge system is the core issue for sports journalism research and teaching. Recently,with the introduction of " remodeling journalism",sports journalism should re-examine its own logical framework. Sports journalism is a generalization and refinement of the professional logic of sports journalism practice. Sports practice determines the independence of sports journalism practice. Sports practice is an " interval" space composed of athletes,patrons,spectators,and commentators,and constitutes the context of sports practice together with sports rules,sports values,and so on. From the perspective of sports news communication,sports are divided into participant sports and spectator sports. The particularity of sports practice is fed back into the practice of sports news,which is embodied in the practice of media content production around the transformation of sports symbols. The sports journalism knowledge system framework is divided into three parts: the principle of sports news content production,sports media industry,sports news and society.The definitions of sports symbolic information and sports news are the logical starting points of sports journalism knowledge system. Meanwhile,it is should be noted that the essence of the new media platform is to form a network society based on relationship,and the essence of sports journalism is the connection of various sports relations. Therefore,spectator sports,especially participant sports,are more in line with the new media era,and further confirm the professional logic of sports journalism.
引文
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[2]胡钰,虞鑫.构建中国特色新闻学:何以可能与何以可为[J].国际新闻界,2016,38(8):92-115.
[3]黄旦.重造新闻学———网络化关系的视角[J].国际新闻界,2015,37(1):75-88.
[4] BAKER J W. Sports in the western world[M]. Carbondale:Uni-versity of Illinois Press,1988-7-1:vii.
[5]约翰·赫伊津哈.游戏的人:文化中的游戏成分的研究[M].广州:花城出版社,2007:12.
[6]熊斗寅.顾拜旦体育思想研究系列之三顾拜旦与奥林匹克理想[J].体育与科学,2003(5):45-49.
[7]毕雪梅.从二次体育媒介化过程探讨新媒体引发体育传播格局与体育参与的变迁[J].新闻传播,2014(4):17-18.
[8]王雪峰.美国观赏性体育的演变[J].体育文化导刊,2007,(5):74-75.
[9]许静.传播的社区[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2013:16.
[10]陈力丹,闫伊默.传播学纲要[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2007:18.
[11]毕雪梅.体育关系:体育参与实质、传播关系与互动内涵[J].北京体育大学学报,2015,38(12):10-14; 21.
[12]郭庆光.传播学教程[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2002:45.
[13]黄旦,李暄.从业态转向社会形态:媒介融合再理解[J].现代传播(中国传媒大学学报),2016,38(1):13-20.
[14]黄旦,王辰瑶.如何重新理解新闻学———学术对话录[J].新闻记者,2016(7):4-11.
[15]黄旦,李暄.从业态转向社会形态:媒介融合再理解[J].现代传播(中国传媒大学学报),2016,38(1):13-20.
[16]黄旦.美国早期的传播思想及其流变———从芝加哥学派到大众传播研究的确立[J].新闻与传播研究,2005(1):15-27;94-95.