城际列车不同头部外形对明线交会气动性能的影响
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摘要
利用CATIA软件建立了城际列车4种不同的头部外形方案,并基于三维、瞬态、不可压的N-S方程和k-ε湍流模型,采用滑移网格技术,对这4种头型方案的流线型头部长度和纵向对称面最大控制型线变化对列车明线交会压力波及气动力的影响进行了数值仿真.计算结果表明:在外形变量相同的情况下,增加流线型头部长度和纵向对称面最大控制型线由外凸到内凹变化,均能有效改善列车运行时的交会性能;对比分析发现,4种头型方案中,方案4的明线交会气动性能最佳,其交会压力波、侧向力、升力和倾覆力矩比性能较差的方案1分别下降了11.57%、 7.40%、 8.19%和7.56%.
This paper creates four schemes of head shape model of intercity trains based on CATIA software,and numerically calculates the pressure waves and aerodynamic forces induced by two trains passing by each other in open air and with different streamlined lengths and maximum control profile change of longitudinal symmetry surface. The calculation results show that increasing the length of streamlined head and the maximum control profile of longitudinal symmetrical plane from convex to concave can effectively improve the performance of trains passing each other. A comparison analysis shows that among the four schemes, the fourth one has the best performance, with its pressure wave, lateral force, lift force and overturning moment ratio reduced by 11.57%, 7.40%, 8.19% and 7.56% respectively.
This paper creates four schemes of head shape model of intercity trains based on CATIA software,and numerically calculates the pressure waves and aerodynamic forces induced by two trains passing by each other in open air and with different streamlined lengths and maximum control profile change of longitudinal symmetry surface. The calculation results show that increasing the length of streamlined head and the maximum control profile of longitudinal symmetrical plane from convex to concave can effectively improve the performance of trains passing each other. A comparison analysis shows that among the four schemes, the fourth one has the best performance, with its pressure wave, lateral force, lift force and overturning moment ratio reduced by 11.57%, 7.40%, 8.19% and 7.56% respectively.
引文
[1]周丹,田红旗,鲁寨军.国产磁浮列车气动外形的优化[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2006,37(3):613-617.
[2]田红旗.列车空气动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2007:1-11.
[3]ZHAO Yinghui,ZHANG Jiye,LI Tian,et al.Aerodynamic performances and vehicle dynamic response of high-speed trains passing each other[J].Journal of Modern Transportation,2012,20(1):36-43.
[4]YANG Guowei,GUO Dilong,YAO Shuanbao,et al.Aerodynamic design for China new high-speed trains[J].Science China Technological Sciences,2012,55(7):1923-1928.
[5]CHEN Yegang,WU Qian.Study on unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of two trains passing by each other in the open air[J].Journal of Vibroengineering,2018,20(2):1161-1178.
[6]杜健,杜俊涛,田爱琴,等.头部参数对高速列车明线交会气动性能的影响[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2017,48(11):3132-3140.
[7]戚振宕.高速列车明线会车气动特性研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2007.
[8]黄宇明.高速列车交会气动特性和动力学研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2015.
[9]武振锋,陈周锋.基于CATIA的CRH380AL动车组头车三维曲面设计[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2013,46(5):635-639.
[10]李志伟,梁习锋,周丹.快速集装箱平车在明线和隧道内会车时的气动性能[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,39(5):1029-1034.
[11]田红旗,周丹,许平.列车空气动力性能与流线型头部外形[J].中国铁道科学,2006,27(3):47-55.
[2]田红旗.列车空气动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2007:1-11.
[3]ZHAO Yinghui,ZHANG Jiye,LI Tian,et al.Aerodynamic performances and vehicle dynamic response of high-speed trains passing each other[J].Journal of Modern Transportation,2012,20(1):36-43.
[4]YANG Guowei,GUO Dilong,YAO Shuanbao,et al.Aerodynamic design for China new high-speed trains[J].Science China Technological Sciences,2012,55(7):1923-1928.
[5]CHEN Yegang,WU Qian.Study on unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of two trains passing by each other in the open air[J].Journal of Vibroengineering,2018,20(2):1161-1178.
[6]杜健,杜俊涛,田爱琴,等.头部参数对高速列车明线交会气动性能的影响[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2017,48(11):3132-3140.
[7]戚振宕.高速列车明线会车气动特性研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2007.
[8]黄宇明.高速列车交会气动特性和动力学研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2015.
[9]武振锋,陈周锋.基于CATIA的CRH380AL动车组头车三维曲面设计[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2013,46(5):635-639.
[10]李志伟,梁习锋,周丹.快速集装箱平车在明线和隧道内会车时的气动性能[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,39(5):1029-1034.
[11]田红旗,周丹,许平.列车空气动力性能与流线型头部外形[J].中国铁道科学,2006,27(3):47-55.