明清赣中吉安地区祠堂地域性建筑形制样式
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摘要
明清时期吉安地区祠堂是江西地区祠堂的代表,目前保存较为完好,是研究江西地域建筑文化的典型范本。该文研究了吉安祠堂的地域性建筑形制,在二者基础上指明了吉安地区祠堂是江西会馆在其他地区传播的祭祀原型。该文所引用的大量图片都是来自于现场建筑测绘的一手资料,在研究中,通过对图纸和尺度的分析论证,结合吉安地域建筑历史文化,得出吉安祠堂的建筑形制样式有大式、中式、小式三种,在向外传播中,吉安祠堂的喜鹊筑巢的门楼样式成为代表性地域建筑样式。传播性视角的切入,为后续进一步研究江西会馆建筑提供了理论基础。
The ancestral hall of Ji'an area in the Ming & Qing Dynasties is the representative of the ancestral temple in Jiangxi, which is well preserved at present. It is a typical model for the study of the regional architectural culture of Jiangxi. We study the characteristics of the regional architectural form and regional architectural style of the ancestral hall in Ji'an. On the basis of the two points, we point out that the ancestral hall in Ji'an is the prototype of the Jiangxi Hall's propagation in other areas. The pictures which were quoted in article are from building surveying and mapping on site by the first-hand information. Then we analyze drawings and building's scale, combining with the regional architecture of Ji'an history and culture, we conclude that the Ji'an ancestral temple architectural form has three types which are large-scale, medium-scale and small-scale. In spreading, the ancestral hall style gatehouse is more obvious. The perspective of spreading provides a theoretical basis for further research on the building of Jiangxi guild hall.
The ancestral hall of Ji'an area in the Ming & Qing Dynasties is the representative of the ancestral temple in Jiangxi, which is well preserved at present. It is a typical model for the study of the regional architectural culture of Jiangxi. We study the characteristics of the regional architectural form and regional architectural style of the ancestral hall in Ji'an. On the basis of the two points, we point out that the ancestral hall in Ji'an is the prototype of the Jiangxi Hall's propagation in other areas. The pictures which were quoted in article are from building surveying and mapping on site by the first-hand information. Then we analyze drawings and building's scale, combining with the regional architecture of Ji'an history and culture, we conclude that the Ji'an ancestral temple architectural form has three types which are large-scale, medium-scale and small-scale. In spreading, the ancestral hall style gatehouse is more obvious. The perspective of spreading provides a theoretical basis for further research on the building of Jiangxi guild hall.
引文
[1]李梦星.庐陵宗族与古村[M].南昌:江西人民出版社,2012.
[2]谭其骧.中国历史地图集(第八册)[M].北京:中国地图出版社,1987:33-34.
[3]胡龙生.庐陵古村[M].北京:中华书局,2002.
[4]朱熹.家礼.电子图书.
[5]卞伯泽.会馆文化[M].昆明:云南人民出版社,2011.
[6]李丰春.中国古代旌表研究[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,2011.
[7]衷翠.明清吉安地区宗族祠堂建筑形制研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2015.
(1)李梦星,庐陵宗族与古村,江西人民出版社,南昌,2012。
(2)图片底图来源:谭其骧,中国历史地图集-第八册,中国地图出版社,北京,1987,p33-34。
(3)图3a,绘制彭丽红等;图3,绘制郭为等;图3c,绘制戴阳阳等;图3d,绘制吴凌燕、周志林、宋安。
(4)图4a,b,绘制彭丽红等,图4c,作者自绘。图4d,作者自摄。
(5)图5,b,绘制黄志勇等,图5c,作者自绘。图5d,e,f,作者自摄。
(6)图5a,b,绘制郭为等。图5c,d,e,f,g,作者自绘自摄。
(7)图6a,b,绘制熊志成等。图6c,6d作者自绘。图6e~6j,作者自摄。
(8)图7,作者自摄。
[2]谭其骧.中国历史地图集(第八册)[M].北京:中国地图出版社,1987:33-34.
[3]胡龙生.庐陵古村[M].北京:中华书局,2002.
[4]朱熹.家礼.电子图书.
[5]卞伯泽.会馆文化[M].昆明:云南人民出版社,2011.
[6]李丰春.中国古代旌表研究[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,2011.
[7]衷翠.明清吉安地区宗族祠堂建筑形制研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2015.
(1)李梦星,庐陵宗族与古村,江西人民出版社,南昌,2012。
(2)图片底图来源:谭其骧,中国历史地图集-第八册,中国地图出版社,北京,1987,p33-34。
(3)图3a,绘制彭丽红等;图3,绘制郭为等;图3c,绘制戴阳阳等;图3d,绘制吴凌燕、周志林、宋安。
(4)图4a,b,绘制彭丽红等,图4c,作者自绘。图4d,作者自摄。
(5)图5,b,绘制黄志勇等,图5c,作者自绘。图5d,e,f,作者自摄。
(6)图5a,b,绘制郭为等。图5c,d,e,f,g,作者自绘自摄。
(7)图6a,b,绘制熊志成等。图6c,6d作者自绘。图6e~6j,作者自摄。
(8)图7,作者自摄。