樟树轻基质育苗配方及容器规格选择
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摘要
配置5个轻基质配方,用黄心土作为对照,采用3个不同规格的育苗容器,开展樟树(Cinnamomum camphora)轻基质配方筛选和容器规格育苗技术研究。试验结果表明:苗木移栽5个月后,苗木保存率在96.0%～99.7%之间。叶绿素SPAD值以配方3号(泥碳土:珍珠岩:松树皮=6:3:1)最好,配方1号(泥碳土:珍珠岩:椰丝=6:3:1)次之。苗木移栽10个月后,苗高生长最好的基质是配方3号,比对照好;地径生长最好的基质也是配方3号,但比对照差;地上枝叶鲜重生长最好的基质是配方3号,比对照略好;地下根系鲜重生长最好的基质是配方1号,配方3号次之,比对照好。综合苗高、地径及地上枝叶鲜重和地下根系鲜重4个生长指标,5种基质配方中配方3号表现最好。3种不同规格育苗容器中,12孔的育苗容器培育的苗木苗高、地径、枝叶鲜重、根系鲜重均优于15孔和28孔的。因此利用泡沫育苗架培育樟树1年生轻基质苗木宜采用泥碳土添加珍珠岩、松树皮作为育苗基质,选用12孔育苗架作为育苗容器。
Five light matrix formulations were allocated and yellow soil was used as check. Three seedlingraising frames with different specifications were used to study the light matrix formulation and container-size for seedling-raising technology of camphor. The results showed that five months after transplanting, the preservation rate of seedlings ranged from 96.0%-99.7%. matrix No.3(peat soil: perlite: pine bark=6:3:1)of chlorophyll SPAD value was the best, matrix No.1 was the second, matrix No.2 was the worst, and the CK was the highest.Ten months after transplanting, the best matrix for seedling height growth was No.3, which was better than the CK, and the best matrix for ground diameter growth was No.3, but worse than the CK. The best growth of fresh weight of branch and leaves above ground was matrix No.3, which was slightly better than the CK. The best growth of fresh weight of underground roots was matrix No.1, and matrix No.3 was the second, better than the CK, Four growth indices of comprehensive seedling height, ground diameter, fresh weight of aboveground branch and leaves and fresh weight of underground roots, among the five matrix formulations, matrix No.3 performed the best. In three specifications of containers, the seedling height, ground diameter, branch and leaf fresh weight and root fresh weight of 12-hole container were better than 15 and 28 holes. Therefore, peat soil with perlite, pine bark as seedling matrix and 12-hole seedling shelves as seedling container are suitable for cultivation of 1-yearold camphor seedlings in light matrix.
Five light matrix formulations were allocated and yellow soil was used as check. Three seedlingraising frames with different specifications were used to study the light matrix formulation and container-size for seedling-raising technology of camphor. The results showed that five months after transplanting, the preservation rate of seedlings ranged from 96.0%-99.7%. matrix No.3(peat soil: perlite: pine bark=6:3:1)of chlorophyll SPAD value was the best, matrix No.1 was the second, matrix No.2 was the worst, and the CK was the highest.Ten months after transplanting, the best matrix for seedling height growth was No.3, which was better than the CK, and the best matrix for ground diameter growth was No.3, but worse than the CK. The best growth of fresh weight of branch and leaves above ground was matrix No.3, which was slightly better than the CK. The best growth of fresh weight of underground roots was matrix No.1, and matrix No.3 was the second, better than the CK, Four growth indices of comprehensive seedling height, ground diameter, fresh weight of aboveground branch and leaves and fresh weight of underground roots, among the five matrix formulations, matrix No.3 performed the best. In three specifications of containers, the seedling height, ground diameter, branch and leaf fresh weight and root fresh weight of 12-hole container were better than 15 and 28 holes. Therefore, peat soil with perlite, pine bark as seedling matrix and 12-hole seedling shelves as seedling container are suitable for cultivation of 1-yearold camphor seedlings in light matrix.
引文
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[2]周志春,刘青华,胡根长,等.3种珍贵用材树种轻基质网袋容器育苗方案优选[J].林业科学, 2011, 44(10):172-178.
[3]韦华,何振国,黄开勇,等.杉木轻基质容器育苗技术[J].广西林业科学, 2014, 40(3):332-334.
[4]陈一群,蓝燕群,陈杰连,等.木荷等5个树种不同基质育苗效果分析[J].林业与环境科学, 2017, 33(6):34-38.
[5]曾令海,何波祥,连辉明,等.一种环保型轻基质育苗泡沫容器, CN01520242577.3[P].2016-01-27.
[6]蓝燕群,陈杰连,张谦,等.木荷无性系苗期生长性状变异研究[J].广东农业科学, 2018, 45(11):40-45.
[7]黄少伟,谢维辉.实用S A S编程与林业试验数据分析[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社, 2001:50.
[8]周志春,刘青华,胡根长,等. 3种珍贵用材树种轻基质网袋容器育苗方案优选[J].林业科学, 2011, 47(10):172-178.
[9]孙时轩.造林学[M].北京:中国林业出版社, 1992:249-253.
[10]王月海,房用,史少军,等.平衡根系无纺布容器苗造林试验[J].东北林业大学学报, 2008, 36(1):14-15.
[11]袁冬明,林磊,严春风,等. 3种造林树种轻基质网袋容器苗造林效果分析[J].东北林业大学学报, 2012, 40(3):19-23.