基于数字孪生的复杂机械产品多学科协同设计建模技术
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摘要
数字孪生技术能够实现产品物理模型和信息模型的融合与迭代优化,从而缩短产品研发周期、降低返工成本。针对复杂产品多学科协同性差、研发成本高的难题,将数字孪生的理念引入到复杂机械产品多学科协同设计中。分析了多学科协同设计和数字孪生的研究进展,从全生命周期的视角探讨了产品、生产及其性能数字孪生模型的信息表达、集成与数据交互问题,给出了数字孪生的演变过程模型;在分析产品数字孪生多阶段建模过程的基础上,设计了一个产品数字孪生多学科协同设计建模参考架构,提出了机电一体化的多学科协同设计与虚拟工程方法和产品数字孪生多学科协同设计关键技术,通过优化仿真和虚拟调试构建了复杂机械产品的数字孪生模型,解决了产品全生命周期中机械、电气和自动化等多学科系统的信息物理融合问题。通过案例验证了所提数字孪生多学科建模理论及其优化方法的可行性。
Digital Twin technology is considered to be able to achieve the fusion and iterative optimization of product physical model and information model,thus shortening the product development cycle and reducing the cost of rework.Aiming at the problem of poor multi-disciplinary collaboration and high research and development cost of complex products,the concept of digital twin was introduced into the multi-disciplinary collaborative design of complex mechanical products.The research progress of multi-disciplinary collaborative design and digital twin was analyzed,and the information expression,integration and data interaction of digital twin model of product,production and their performance were discussed from the perspective of life cycle,and the evolution process model of digital twin was given.Based on the analysis of multi-stage modeling process of product digital twin,a reference architecture of multi-disciplinary collaborative design modeling for digital twin of product was designed.The method of mechatronics multi-disciplinary collaborative design and virtual engineering and the key technology of multi-disciplinary collaborative design for digital twin of product were proposed.The digital twin model of complex mechanical products was constructed by optimizing simulation and virtual commissioning,which solved the problems of cyber physical fusion of mechanical,electrical and automation multi-disciplinary systems in product life cycle.The feasibility of the proposed digital twin multidisciplinary modeling theory and its optimization method was verified by a case study.
Digital Twin technology is considered to be able to achieve the fusion and iterative optimization of product physical model and information model,thus shortening the product development cycle and reducing the cost of rework.Aiming at the problem of poor multi-disciplinary collaboration and high research and development cost of complex products,the concept of digital twin was introduced into the multi-disciplinary collaborative design of complex mechanical products.The research progress of multi-disciplinary collaborative design and digital twin was analyzed,and the information expression,integration and data interaction of digital twin model of product,production and their performance were discussed from the perspective of life cycle,and the evolution process model of digital twin was given.Based on the analysis of multi-stage modeling process of product digital twin,a reference architecture of multi-disciplinary collaborative design modeling for digital twin of product was designed.The method of mechatronics multi-disciplinary collaborative design and virtual engineering and the key technology of multi-disciplinary collaborative design for digital twin of product were proposed.The digital twin model of complex mechanical products was constructed by optimizing simulation and virtual commissioning,which solved the problems of cyber physical fusion of mechanical,electrical and automation multi-disciplinary systems in product life cycle.The feasibility of the proposed digital twin multidisciplinary modeling theory and its optimization method was verified by a case study.
引文
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[27]ZHUANG Cunbo,LIU Jianhua,XIONG Hui,et al.Connotation,architecturee and trends of product digital twin[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2017,23(4):753-768(in Chinese).[庄存波,刘检华,熊辉,等.产品的数字孪生体的内涵、体系结构及其发展趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017,23(4):753-768.]
[28]TAO Jian,DAI Yongchang,WEI Ran.Study on production lifecycle based on digital thread and digital twin[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2017,60(21):26-33(in Chinese).[陶剑,戴永长,魏冉.基于数字线索和数字孪生的生产生命周期研究[J].航空制造技术,2017,60(21):26-31.]
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[30]DAI Sheng,ZHAO Gang,YU Yong,et al.Trend of digital product definition:from mock-up to twin[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2018,30(8):1554-1562(in Chinese).[戴晟,赵罡,于勇,等.数字化产品定义发展趋势:从样机到孪生[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报.2018,30(8):1554-1562.]
[31]YU Yong,HU Deyu,DAI Sheng,et al.Study on Application of digital twin in process planning[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2018,61(18):26-33(in Chinese).[于勇,胡德雨,戴晟,等.数字孪生在工艺设计中的应用探讨[J].航空制造技术.2018,61(18):26-33.]
[32]ZHANG Hao,LIU Qiang,CHEN Xin,et al.A digital twinbased approach for designing and multi-objective optimization of hollow glass production line[J].IEEE Access,2017,5:26901-26911.
[33]ZHANG Yingfeng,QIAN Cheng,LYU Jingxiang,et al.A-gent and cyber-physical system based self-organizing and selfadaptive intelligent shop floor[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2017,13(2):737-747.
[2]LI Hao,JI Yangjian,CHENG Liang,et al.Bi-level coordinated configuration optimization for product-service system modular design[J].IEEE Transactions on Systems,Man,and Cybernetics Systems,2017,47(3):537-554.
[3]DI Yanqiang,LI Bohu,CHAI Xudong,et al.Research on collaborative modeling and simulation for multi-disciplinary virtual prototype and its key technology[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2005,11(7):900-908(in Chinese).[邸彦强,李伯虎,柴旭东,等.多学科虚拟样机协同建模与仿真平台及其关键技术研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2005,11(7):900-908.]
[4]APRISO.Digital twin:manufacturing excellence through virtual factory replication[EB/OL].(2014-05-06)[2018-05-08].http://www.apriso.com.
[5]YAN Xuefeng,DUAN Guolin,XU Hongjing.Virtual prototyping technology oriented to complex mechatronic system[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2014,20(11):2652-2659(in Chinese).[闫雪锋,段国林,许红静.面向复杂机电系统虚拟样机技术研究综述[J].计算机集成制造系统,2014,20(11):2652-2659.]
[6]CHAI Xudong,LI Bohu,XIONG Guangleng,et al.Research an implementation on collaborative simulation platform for complex product[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2002,8(7):580-584(in Chinese).[柴旭东,李伯虎,熊光楞,等.复杂产品协同仿真平台的研究与实现[J].计算机集成制造系统,2002,8(7):580-584.]
[7]LI Bohu,CHAI Xudong,ZHU Wenhai,et al.Supporting environment technology for collaborative manufacturing of complex product[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2003,9(8):691-697(in Chinese).[李伯虎,柴旭东,朱文海,等.复杂产品协同制造支撑环境技术的研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2003,9(8):691-697.]
[8]LI Bohu,CHAI Xudong,HOU Baocun,et al.Networked modeling&simulation platform based on concept of cloud computing-cloud simulation platform[J].Journal of System Simulation,2009,21(17):5295-5299(in Chinese).[李伯虎,柴旭东,侯宝存,等.一种基于云计算理念的网络化建模与仿真平台---“云仿真平台”[J].系统仿真学报,2009,21(17):5295-5299.]
[9]HE Dongjing,SONG Xiao,WANG Qi,et al.Method for complex product collaborative design based on cloud service[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2011,17(3):533-539(in Chinese).[贺东京,宋晓,王琪,等.基于云服务的复杂产品协同设计方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2011,17(3):533-539.]
[10]JIAN Jianbang,LI Yingguang,WANG Wei,et al.Collaborative design for aircraft structural parts base on MBD and multi-agent[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2010,21(22):2647-2652(in Chinese).[简建帮,李迎光,王伟,等.基于MBD和多Agent的飞机结构件协同设计[J].中国机械工程,2010,21(22):2647-2652.]
[11]ZHANG Yongjian,AN luling,TANG Changbai,et al.Development of collaborative design system for tooling of aircraft components base on MBD and multi-Agent[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2017(11):87-92(in Chinese).[张永建,安鲁陵,谭昌柏,等.基于MBD和多Agent的飞机构件工装协同设计系统开发[J].航空制造技术,2017(11):87-92.]
[12]LIU Jinfei,CHEN Ming,YAO Yuan,et al.Collaborative design strategy of product modularity based on multi-agent[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2011,17(3):560-570(in Chinese).[刘晋飞,陈明,姚远,等.基于多Agent的产品模块化协同设计策略[J].计算机集成制造系统,2011,17(3):560-570.]
[13]LIU Jie,ZHOU Yiji,QU Haiming.Management methods of collaborative design for complex products based on high level architecture[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(13):165-171(in Chinese).[刘杰,周以齐,曲海明.基于高层体系结构的复杂产品协同设计管理方法[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(13):165-171.]
[14]WU Baogui,HUANG Hongzhong,ZHANG Xu,et al.Multidisciplinary design optimization of virtual prototype for complex mechanical product[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2006,12(11):1729-1735(in Chinese).[吴宝贵,黄洪钟,张旭,等.复杂机械产品虚拟样机多学科设计优化研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2006,12(11):1729-1735.]
[15]GRIEVES M,VICKERS J.Digital twin:mitigating unpredictable,undesirable emergent behavior in complexsystems[M]//Trans-disciplinary Perspectives on Complex Systems.Berlin,Germany:Springer-Verlag,2017.
[16]SCHROEDER G,STEINMETZ C,PEREIRA CE,et al.Visualising the digital twin using web services and augmented reality[C]//Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics.Washington,D.C.,USA:IEEE,2017.DOI:10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819217.
[17]CAI Y,STARLY B,COHEN P.et al.Sensor data and information fusion to construct digital-twins virtual machine tools for cyber-physical manufacturing[J].Procedia Manufacturing.2017,10:1031-1042.
[18]TUEGEL E J.The airframe digital twin:some challenge to realization[C]//Proceedings of the 53rd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures,Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference.Resron,Va.,USA:AIAA,2012:1812.
[19]MINTCHELL G.GE,the digital thread,the digital twin,the digital company[EB/OL].(2015-10-07)[2018-05-08].http://themanufacturingconnection.com/2015/10/ge-the-digital-thread-the-digital-twin-thedigital-company/.
[20]PARDO N.Digital and physical come together at PTC live global[EB/OL].(2015-06-08)[2018-05-08].http://blogs.ptc.com/2015/06/08/digital-and-physical-come-together-atptc-live-global/.
[21]FOURGEAU E,GOMEZ E,ADLIH,et al.System engineering workbench for multi-views systems methodology with3DEXPERIENCE Platform.The aircraft radar use case[M]//Complex Systems Design&Management Asia.Berlin,Germany:Springer-Verlag,2016.
[22]Siemens.The digital twin[EB/OL].(2015-11-17)[2018-05-08].http://www.siemens.com/customer-magazine/en/home/industry/digitalization-in-machine-building/the-digitaltwin.html.
[23]TAO Fei,ZHANG Meng,CHENG Jiangfeng,et al.Digital twin workshop:a new paradigm for future workshop[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2017,23(1):1-9(in Chinese).[陶飞,张萌,程江峰,等.数字孪生车间---一种未来车间运行新模式[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017,23(1):1-9.]
[24]TAO Fei,ZHANG Meng.Digital twin shop-floor:a new shopfloor paradigm towards smart manufacturing[J].IEEEAccess,2017,5:20418-20427.
[25]TAO Fei,CHENG Ying,CHENG Jiangfeng,et al.Theories and technologies for cyber-physical fusion in digital twin shop-floor[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2017,23(8):1603-1611(in Chinese).[陶飞,程颖,程江峰,等.数字孪生车间信息物理融合理论与技术[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017,23(8):1603-1611.]
[26]TAO Fei,LIU Weiran,LIU Jianhua,et al.Digital twin and its potential application exploration[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2018,24(1):1-18(in Chinese).[陶飞,刘蔚然,刘检华,等.数字孪生及其应用探索[J].计算机集成制造系统,2018,24(1):1-18.]
[27]ZHUANG Cunbo,LIU Jianhua,XIONG Hui,et al.Connotation,architecturee and trends of product digital twin[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2017,23(4):753-768(in Chinese).[庄存波,刘检华,熊辉,等.产品的数字孪生体的内涵、体系结构及其发展趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017,23(4):753-768.]
[28]TAO Jian,DAI Yongchang,WEI Ran.Study on production lifecycle based on digital thread and digital twin[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2017,60(21):26-33(in Chinese).[陶剑,戴永长,魏冉.基于数字线索和数字孪生的生产生命周期研究[J].航空制造技术,2017,60(21):26-31.]
[29]YU Yong,FAN Shengting,PENG Guanwei,et al.Study on application of digital twin model in product configuration management[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2017,60(7):41-45(in Chinese).[于勇,范胜廷,彭关伟,戴晟,赵罡.数字孪生模型在产品构型管理中应用探讨[J].航空制造技术,2017,60(7):41-45.]
[30]DAI Sheng,ZHAO Gang,YU Yong,et al.Trend of digital product definition:from mock-up to twin[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2018,30(8):1554-1562(in Chinese).[戴晟,赵罡,于勇,等.数字化产品定义发展趋势:从样机到孪生[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报.2018,30(8):1554-1562.]
[31]YU Yong,HU Deyu,DAI Sheng,et al.Study on Application of digital twin in process planning[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2018,61(18):26-33(in Chinese).[于勇,胡德雨,戴晟,等.数字孪生在工艺设计中的应用探讨[J].航空制造技术.2018,61(18):26-33.]
[32]ZHANG Hao,LIU Qiang,CHEN Xin,et al.A digital twinbased approach for designing and multi-objective optimization of hollow glass production line[J].IEEE Access,2017,5:26901-26911.
[33]ZHANG Yingfeng,QIAN Cheng,LYU Jingxiang,et al.A-gent and cyber-physical system based self-organizing and selfadaptive intelligent shop floor[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2017,13(2):737-747.