铝合金T形接头搅拌摩擦焊研究进展
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摘要
铝合金广泛应用于航空航天、汽车、船舶以及化学工业等领域中,T形接头作为铝合金薄板结构组装中的重要连接形式,对其焊接质量的要求也逐渐提高。采用传统熔焊的方式焊接铝合金T形接头时会导致应力集中、焊后残余变形大、多孔性等一系列问题。传统的搅拌摩擦焊具有产热少、焊前不用开坡口、焊后残余变形小等优势,很好的解决了这一技术难点。但是,传统的搅拌摩擦焊在焊后会产生大量的飞边以及弧纹缺陷。静止轴肩搅拌摩擦焊技术作为一种新型的搅拌摩擦焊技术,在铝合金T形接头焊接中具有很大的优势。文中综述了铝合金T形接头焊接特点、传统搅拌摩擦焊以及静止轴肩搅拌摩擦焊在T形接头中的研究进展,并对搅拌摩擦焊技术在T形接头的应用前景进行了展望。
Aluminum alloy is diffusely used in aerospace,automobile,marine and chemical industries,and as an important connection form of aluminum alloy thin plate structure assembly,the requirement of welding quality is also gradually improved. A series of problems such as stress concentration,large residual deformation after welding and porosity will be caused by traditional fusion welding method. The traditional friction stir welding has the advantages of less heat production,no need to open the groove before welding,and small residual deformation after welding,which solves this technical difficulty very well. However,the traditional friction stir welding will generate a large amount of flashes and arc defects after welding. As a new friction stir welding technology,stationary shoulder friction stir welding technology has great advantages in the welding of aluminum alloy T-joints. The welding features of aluminum alloy T-joints and the research progress of traditional friction stir welding and stationary shoulder friction stir welding in T-joints are summarized in the present paper. Furthermore,the prospect of the application of friction stir welding technology in T-joint is prospected.
Aluminum alloy is diffusely used in aerospace,automobile,marine and chemical industries,and as an important connection form of aluminum alloy thin plate structure assembly,the requirement of welding quality is also gradually improved. A series of problems such as stress concentration,large residual deformation after welding and porosity will be caused by traditional fusion welding method. The traditional friction stir welding has the advantages of less heat production,no need to open the groove before welding,and small residual deformation after welding,which solves this technical difficulty very well. However,the traditional friction stir welding will generate a large amount of flashes and arc defects after welding. As a new friction stir welding technology,stationary shoulder friction stir welding technology has great advantages in the welding of aluminum alloy T-joints. The welding features of aluminum alloy T-joints and the research progress of traditional friction stir welding and stationary shoulder friction stir welding in T-joints are summarized in the present paper. Furthermore,the prospect of the application of friction stir welding technology in T-joint is prospected.
引文
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[24]吉华,徐萌,姚君山,等.静止轴肩搅拌摩擦焊T形接头组织及力学行为[J].电焊机,2013,43(9):37-40.
[25]李冬晓.铝合金静止轴肩搅拌摩擦焊技术研究[D].天津:天津大学博士学位论文,2015.
[26]Li D,Yang X Q,Cui L,et al.Fatigue property of stationary shoulder friction stir welded additive and non-additive T-joints[J].Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2015,20(8):650-654.
[2]Nandan R,Debroy T,Bhadeshia H K D H.Recent advances in friction stir welding-Process,weldment structure and properties[J].Progress in Materials Science,2008,53(6):980-1023.
[3]Westermann I,Pedersen K O,Furu T,et al.Effects of particles and solutes on stringer work-hardening and ductile fracture of aluminum alloys[J].Mechanics of Materials,2014,79(2):58-72.
[4]Maltin C A,Nolton L J,Scott J L,et al.The potential adaptation of stationary shoulder friction stir welding technology to steel[J].Materials&Design,2014,64:614-624.
[5]Davies P S,Wynne B P,Rainforth W M,et al.Development of microstructure and crystallographic texture during stationary shoulder friction stir welding of Ti-6Al-4V[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions A,2011,42(8):2278-2289.
[6]孟立春,刘春辉,赖玉香,等.6N01-7N01铝合金T形焊接接头的微观组织与性能的研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2017,44(12):20-26.
[7]李雪.铝合金CMT、TIG原位合金化焊接工艺与性能研究[D].江苏镇江:江苏大学硕士学位论文,2015.
[8]严铿,施志强,王锡岭.热处理对喷射成形7xxx系铝合金TIG焊接头组织与性能的影响[J].焊接学报,2012,33(3):33-36.
[9]严铿,叶友利,王锡岭.焊接材料对喷射成形7475铝合金TIG焊接头热裂纹的影响[J].焊接学报,2012,33(1):9-12.
[10]王恩泽.6082-T6铝合金MIG焊接头微观组织及力学性能的研究[D].长春:吉林大学硕士学位论文,2013.
[11]杨淑娟,曲文卿,董春林,栾国红,李光.铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊缝微观组织[J].航空制造技术,2011,23(23):101-104.
[12]侯晓鹏,杨新岐,崔雷,等.6061-T4铝合金T形接头搅拌摩擦焊工艺[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(11):3048-3055.
[13]Fratini L,Micari F,Squillace A,et al.Experimental characterization of FSW T-joints of light alloys[J].Key Engineering Materials,2007,344(2):751-758.
[14]Zhao Y,Zhou L L,Wang Q Z,et al.Defects and tensile properties of 6013 aluminum alloy T-joints by friction stir welding[J].Materials&Design,2014,53(1):106-117.
[15]Hou X P,Yang X Q,Cui L,et al.Influences of joint geometry on defects and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA6061-T4 T-joints[J].Materials&Design,2014,53(1):106-117.
[16]Cui L,Yang X Q,Xie Y H,et al.Process parameter influence on defects and tensile properties of friction stir welded T-joints on AA6061-T4 sheets[J].Materials&Design,2013,51(5):161-174.
[17]Cui L,Yang X Q,Zhou Q,et al.Characteristics of defects and tensile behaviors on friction stir welded AA6061-T4 T-joints[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2012,543(5):58-68.
[18]刘会杰,李金全,段卫军.静止轴肩搅拌摩擦焊的研究进展[J].焊接学报,2012,33(5):108-112.
[19]李金全,刘会杰.2219-T6铝合金静止轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接工艺及接头组织性能[J].航天制造技术,2017(6):1-6.
[20]Sun T,Roy M J,Strong D,et al.Weld zone and residual stress development in AA7050 stationary shoulder friction stir T-joints weld[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2018,263(2019):256-265.
[21]Sun T,Tremsin A S,Roy M J,et al.Investigation of residual stress distribution and texture evolution in AA7050 stationary shoulder friction stir welded joints[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2018,712:531-538.
[22]Martin J P,Stanhope C,Gascony S.Novel techniques for corner joints using friction stir welding[M].Friction Stir Welding and Processing VI,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.New York,2011,177-186.
[23]Gascoyne S J.A microstructural investigation into the stationary shoulder corner friction stir welding of aluminium alloys.Department of Material Science and Engineering[D].Sheffield University Ph D Thesis,England,2014.
[24]吉华,徐萌,姚君山,等.静止轴肩搅拌摩擦焊T形接头组织及力学行为[J].电焊机,2013,43(9):37-40.
[25]李冬晓.铝合金静止轴肩搅拌摩擦焊技术研究[D].天津:天津大学博士学位论文,2015.
[26]Li D,Yang X Q,Cui L,et al.Fatigue property of stationary shoulder friction stir welded additive and non-additive T-joints[J].Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2015,20(8):650-654.