气井见水后产能评价研究进展
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摘要
气藏开发中后期,气井见水后的气液两相流动降低了近井地带气相相对渗透率,对气井产能影响显著。通过对国内外见水气井产能评价的相关研究进行调研,总结并分析了几种主要的产水气井产能评价方法的优势及存在的不足,并对未来研究产水气井产能的关键问题及攻关方向提出了建议。结果表明:采用液相伤害的复合模型和引入气水两相拟压力和水气比的二项式产能方程是目前常用的见水气井产能评价方法。含水饱和度的变化对气水相渗及近井非达西流影响较大,增加了含水气井产能预测的难度。井筒积液及气液两相管流对产能影响较大,但考虑井筒气藏耦合的产能模型研究较少。水侵量计算、气水相渗实验和计算以及井筒气藏耦合模型的研究应成为见水气井产能研究的重点。
In the middle and late stage of gas reservoir development, the gas liquid two-phase flow can reduce the gas relative permeability in the near wellbore, and has a significant effect on gas well productivity. This paper investigates the related research progress of the gas well deliverability evaluation, analyzes the main advantages and disadvantages of various deliverability evaluation methods, and gives suggestions for future research and key issues of water production gas wells. The research results show that the composite liquid damage model, two-phase pseudo pressure and water gas ratio were commonly considered in the binomial deliverability equation. The change of water saturation has a great influence on gas relative permeability and non Darcy flow in the near wellbore. Liquid loading and gas liquid two phase flow have great influences on productivity, but the productivity model coupling wellbore and reservoir is less. The calculation of aquifer influx, gas relative permeability and coupling of wellbore gas reservoir model should be focused on in the future research.
In the middle and late stage of gas reservoir development, the gas liquid two-phase flow can reduce the gas relative permeability in the near wellbore, and has a significant effect on gas well productivity. This paper investigates the related research progress of the gas well deliverability evaluation, analyzes the main advantages and disadvantages of various deliverability evaluation methods, and gives suggestions for future research and key issues of water production gas wells. The research results show that the composite liquid damage model, two-phase pseudo pressure and water gas ratio were commonly considered in the binomial deliverability equation. The change of water saturation has a great influence on gas relative permeability and non Darcy flow in the near wellbore. Liquid loading and gas liquid two phase flow have great influences on productivity, but the productivity model coupling wellbore and reservoir is less. The calculation of aquifer influx, gas relative permeability and coupling of wellbore gas reservoir model should be focused on in the future research.
引文
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[2]郝玉鸿,李治平.地层产水影响气井产能的定量分析[J].油气井测试,1998,7(4):11-13.
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[4]黄小亮,唐海,杨再勇,等.产水气井的产能确定方法[J].油气井测试,2008,17(3):15-16,19.
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[7]韩玉坤,蒋光迹,黄元和,等.酸性气田产水气井产能计算方法[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(34):10295-10299.
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[12]GEWERS C W W,NICHOL L R.Gas turbulence factor in a microvugular carbonate[R].PSC 69-02-02,1969.
[13]WONG S W.Effect of liquid saturation on turbulence factors for gasliquid systems[R].PSC 70-04-08,1970.
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[16]AL-HUSSAINY R,RAMEY H J.Application of real gas flow theory to well testing and deliverability forecasting[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1966,18(5):637-642.
[17]李晓平,赵必荣.气水两相流井产能分析方法研究[J].油气井测试,2001,10(4):8-10.
[18]李晓平,胡勇.气水同产井瞬态流入动态关系曲线探讨[J].天然气工业,2001,21(3):65-67.
[19]陆家亮,涂梅桂,刘晓华,等.产水气井稳定点二项式产能方程及其应用[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(6):66-69.
[20]徐模,郭肖.低渗透气藏产水气井产能评价新方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(3):64-68.
[21]张辉,王磊,汪新光,等.异常高压气藏气水两相流井产能分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(2):1-5.
[22]罗启源,李晓平,敖耀庭,等.气水同产水平井产能分析方法[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(6):632-633.
[23]袁淋,李晓平.低渗透气藏水平井气水两相产能研究[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(9):1455-1461.
[24]KABIR C S.Predicting gas well performance coning water in bottom-water-drive reservoirs[R].SPE 12068,1983.
[25]NADERI M,ROSTAMI B,KHOSRAVI M.Effect of heterogeneity on the productivity of vertical,deviated and horizontal wells in water drive gas reservoirs[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2015,23(2):481-491.
[26]COHEN M F.Recovery optimization in a bottom/edge water-drive gas reservoir,Soehlingen Schneverdingen[R].SPE 19068,1989.
[27]MOHAGHEGH S,BILGESU H I,ERTEKIN T.Production decline curves for low-pressure gas reservoirs undergoing simultaneous water production[J].SPE Formation Evaluation,1995,10(1):57-62.
[28]CHEN C C,CHU W C,SADIGHI S.Pressure-transient testing of gas reservoirs with edge-waterdrive[J].SPE Formation Evaluation,1996,11(4):251-256.
[29]李晓平.水驱气藏渗流原理及试井分析理论研究[D].成都:西南石油学院,1999.
[30]刘立明,陈钦雷,王光辉.油水两相渗流压降数值试井模型的建立[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(2):42-45.
[31]FOLEFAC A N,ISSA R I,WALL C G.Study of well deliverability in water drive gas reservoirs[R].SPE 19260,1989.
[32]胡勇,钟兵,杨雅和,等.气水两相井筒/地层组合数值试井模型的建立和求解[J].天然气工业,2000,20(6):66-69.
[2]郝玉鸿,李治平.地层产水影响气井产能的定量分析[J].油气井测试,1998,7(4):11-13.
[3]何自新,郝玉鸿.渗透率对气井产能方程及无阻流量的影响分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(5):46-48.
[4]黄小亮,唐海,杨再勇,等.产水气井的产能确定方法[J].油气井测试,2008,17(3):15-16,19.
[5]KAMATH J,LAROCHE C.Laboratory-based evaluation of gas well deliverability loss caused by water blocking[R].SPE 83659,2003.
[6]邓琪,唐海,吕浙江,等.产水气井产量预测方法研究[J].石油地质与工程,2011,25(3):68-69.
[7]韩玉坤,蒋光迹,黄元和,等.酸性气田产水气井产能计算方法[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(34):10295-10299.
[8]汪周华,王子敦,郭平,等.地层压力和产水对低渗透气藏气井产能的影响[J].地质科技情报,2016,35(4):133-138.
[9]吕栋梁,唐海,吕渐江,等.气井产水时产能方程的确定[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(4):112-115.
[10]中国石油大港油田勘探开发研究院.产水气井产能预测方法:CN104504457[P].2015-04-08.
[11]LI Y,XIAO F,XU W,et al.Performance evaluation on waterproducing gas wells based on gas&water relative permeability curves:a case study of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the Sulige gas field,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry B,2016,3(1):52-58.
[12]GEWERS C W W,NICHOL L R.Gas turbulence factor in a microvugular carbonate[R].PSC 69-02-02,1969.
[13]WONG S W.Effect of liquid saturation on turbulence factors for gasliquid systems[R].PSC 70-04-08,1970.
[14]FREDERICK D C,GRAVES R M.New correlations to predict nondarcy flow coefficients at immobile and mobile water saturation[R].SPE 28451,1994.
[15]THOMAS F B,SHTEPANI E,BENNION D B,et al.The influence of equilibrium water on gas-well productivity[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2003,42(11):35-39.
[16]AL-HUSSAINY R,RAMEY H J.Application of real gas flow theory to well testing and deliverability forecasting[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1966,18(5):637-642.
[17]李晓平,赵必荣.气水两相流井产能分析方法研究[J].油气井测试,2001,10(4):8-10.
[18]李晓平,胡勇.气水同产井瞬态流入动态关系曲线探讨[J].天然气工业,2001,21(3):65-67.
[19]陆家亮,涂梅桂,刘晓华,等.产水气井稳定点二项式产能方程及其应用[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(6):66-69.
[20]徐模,郭肖.低渗透气藏产水气井产能评价新方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(3):64-68.
[21]张辉,王磊,汪新光,等.异常高压气藏气水两相流井产能分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(2):1-5.
[22]罗启源,李晓平,敖耀庭,等.气水同产水平井产能分析方法[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(6):632-633.
[23]袁淋,李晓平.低渗透气藏水平井气水两相产能研究[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(9):1455-1461.
[24]KABIR C S.Predicting gas well performance coning water in bottom-water-drive reservoirs[R].SPE 12068,1983.
[25]NADERI M,ROSTAMI B,KHOSRAVI M.Effect of heterogeneity on the productivity of vertical,deviated and horizontal wells in water drive gas reservoirs[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2015,23(2):481-491.
[26]COHEN M F.Recovery optimization in a bottom/edge water-drive gas reservoir,Soehlingen Schneverdingen[R].SPE 19068,1989.
[27]MOHAGHEGH S,BILGESU H I,ERTEKIN T.Production decline curves for low-pressure gas reservoirs undergoing simultaneous water production[J].SPE Formation Evaluation,1995,10(1):57-62.
[28]CHEN C C,CHU W C,SADIGHI S.Pressure-transient testing of gas reservoirs with edge-waterdrive[J].SPE Formation Evaluation,1996,11(4):251-256.
[29]李晓平.水驱气藏渗流原理及试井分析理论研究[D].成都:西南石油学院,1999.
[30]刘立明,陈钦雷,王光辉.油水两相渗流压降数值试井模型的建立[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(2):42-45.
[31]FOLEFAC A N,ISSA R I,WALL C G.Study of well deliverability in water drive gas reservoirs[R].SPE 19260,1989.
[32]胡勇,钟兵,杨雅和,等.气水两相井筒/地层组合数值试井模型的建立和求解[J].天然气工业,2000,20(6):66-69.