不同灌水定额对准格尔盆地东北缘浅埋式滴灌苜蓿生长和产量的影响
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摘要
针对牧区天然草场退化,人工饲草料地产量低,节水灌溉投入成本高等实际问题,研究紫花苜蓿生长变化规律,分析在不同灌水定额下紫花苜蓿株高、茎粗、茎节数对产量的影响。采用浅埋式滴灌灌水技术对紫花苜蓿开展大田试验,利用实测法测量不同灌水定额条件下紫花苜蓿株高、茎粗、茎节数等主要生长特性,分析紫花苜蓿生长特性规律及对产量的影响,运用回归分析方法,对紫花苜蓿产量主成分建立模型。紫花苜蓿在灌水定额525 m~3/hm~2时产量与水分生产率较好,回归方程W=-544.28+1 710.472 J,决定系数0.711,方程对适宜灌水条件下紫花苜蓿茎粗对产量的影响模拟效果较好,可为紫花苜蓿增产规律提供理论依据。在紫花苜蓿多个生长特性中,茎粗作为主要影响产量的因素在生育期呈现出先快后慢的变化规律,其中第一茬更为显著,在适宜灌水条件下,以茎粗作为紫花苜蓿产量主成分因素进行回归分析建立模型,回归拟合度较高。研究结果有助于制定准格尔盆地东北缘浅埋式滴灌苜蓿的精准化灌溉制度,增产增量。
Targeted at actual problem of degradation of natural grassland, low output of artificial grassland, higher input cost of saving-water irrigation and etc, this paper studies the growth pattern of alfalfa and analyzes yields affected by its height, stem thickness and stem node number under different irrigation quota of alfalfa. By applying the technique of shallow buried drip irrigation, and the main growth characteristics such as alfalfa plant height, stem thickness and stem node number are measured under different irrigation quota conditions by means of measurement, this paper analyses the growth characteristics of alfalfa and its effect on yield. By using regression analysis method, the model of main components of alfalfa yield is established. Alfalfa has a good yield and water productivity in the water irrigation quota of 525 m~3/hm~2, and the regression equation W=-544.28+1 710.472 J, determining the coefficient of 0.711, and the equation has a good effect on the yield of alfalfa clover under suitable irrigation conditions. Simulation results are good. It can provide theoretical basis for increasing production of alfalfa. Among the multiple growth characteristics of alfalfa, stem thickness, as the main factor affecting yield, shows the law of rapid and slow changes in the growth period, and the first one is more significant. Under suitable irrigation conditions, stem thickness as the main component of alfalfa yield is used as regression analysis to establish the model. Its achievement is beneficial to stipulate accurate irrigation schedule and to obtain its higher yield and output of alfalfa by shallow buried dripline along the northeast of Junggar Basin.
Targeted at actual problem of degradation of natural grassland, low output of artificial grassland, higher input cost of saving-water irrigation and etc, this paper studies the growth pattern of alfalfa and analyzes yields affected by its height, stem thickness and stem node number under different irrigation quota of alfalfa. By applying the technique of shallow buried drip irrigation, and the main growth characteristics such as alfalfa plant height, stem thickness and stem node number are measured under different irrigation quota conditions by means of measurement, this paper analyses the growth characteristics of alfalfa and its effect on yield. By using regression analysis method, the model of main components of alfalfa yield is established. Alfalfa has a good yield and water productivity in the water irrigation quota of 525 m~3/hm~2, and the regression equation W=-544.28+1 710.472 J, determining the coefficient of 0.711, and the equation has a good effect on the yield of alfalfa clover under suitable irrigation conditions. Simulation results are good. It can provide theoretical basis for increasing production of alfalfa. Among the multiple growth characteristics of alfalfa, stem thickness, as the main factor affecting yield, shows the law of rapid and slow changes in the growth period, and the first one is more significant. Under suitable irrigation conditions, stem thickness as the main component of alfalfa yield is used as regression analysis to establish the model. Its achievement is beneficial to stipulate accurate irrigation schedule and to obtain its higher yield and output of alfalfa by shallow buried dripline along the northeast of Junggar Basin.
引文
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[7] 焦炳忠,任秋实,郭媛姣,等.不同灌溉定额对膜侧玉米生长及水分利用效率的影响[J].中国农村水利水电,2018(5):21-22.
[2] 廉喜旺.阿勒泰地区地下滴灌条件下苜蓿滴灌带布设方式及高效用水研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2014:4-5.
[3] 陈凯丽,赵经华,马亮,等.不同灌水定额对北疆小麦生长和产量的影响[J].节水灌溉,2016(5):19-22.
[4] 艾鹏睿,赵经华,马英杰,等.不同灌水定额对北疆地区滴灌食葵生长及产量的影响[J].节水灌溉,2016(4):11-14.
[5] 杨磊,杜太生,李志军,等.调亏灌溉条件下紫花苜蓿生长、作物系数和水分利用效率试验研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2008(12):102.
[6] 阿依江·哈比,马英杰,洪明,等.地下滴灌条件下紫花苜蓿耗水规律试验研究[J].新疆农业科学,2012,49(7):1304.
[7] 焦炳忠,任秋实,郭媛姣,等.不同灌溉定额对膜侧玉米生长及水分利用效率的影响[J].中国农村水利水电,2018(5):21-22.