致石饲料致动物胆固醇结石模型造模要素及中医药防治的数据挖掘
|
摘要
目的:定量研究致石饲料致胆固醇结石动物模型的造模要素,为提高造模效率及评价药物有效性提供方法学参考。方法:选取1993—2016年期间研究致石饲料致胆固醇结石动物模型的文献,录入动物种别、致石饲料配方、成石率、测试指标、受试药物等重要信息,定量统计和分析造模要素。结果:常用豚鼠、小鼠、兔等动物;致石饲料常用胆固醇、脂肪等,其中豚鼠最常用的致石饲料配方为90.00%全价饲料、1%胆固醇、2%猪油、5%蔗糖和2%酪蛋白,连续喂养49 d,成石率平均为87.40%;小鼠最常用的配方为83.50%全价饲料、1%胆固醇、15%脂肪、0.5%胆酸,连续喂养45 d,成石率平均为89.48%;兔最常用的配方为98.80%全价饲料、1.2%胆固醇,连续喂养50 d,成石率平均为72.40%;犬喂食含0.3%胆固醇的致石饲料,连续42 d,成石率为100%;树鼩喂食含胆固醇20%、蔗糖20%、大油(猪油)15%、蛋黄20%、玉米粉25%的致石饲料,连续喂养42 d,成石率为100%;金黄地鼠喂食含葡萄糖74.3%、酪蛋白20%、食盐5%、维生素0.5%和氯化胆碱0.2%的致石饲料,连续21 d,成石率为50%。常测试的指标为,胆汁中TC、TBIL、LDL、BA、PL、HDL等,血清中TC、TG、TBIL、LDL、BA、HDL、CKK等。造模的同时给药,常用药物包括鹅去氧胆酸、熊去氧胆酸和中药复方,涉及甘草、大黄、白芍、金钱草、柴胡、茵陈等77种药材。结论:致石饲料常用于制造胆固醇结石动物模型,但配方及其成石率差异大、成本高、耗时长,中医药有利于肝胆系统功能恢复,防止成石性胆汁的产生,评价指标主要涵盖脂质、肝功能及胆道动力学等。
Objective: To conduct a quantitative study on the modeling factors of animal model of cholesterol gallstone induced by stone feed to provide references for improving the efficiency of modeling and evaluating the effectiveness of drugs. Methods: Literatures on animal models of cholesterol gallstone induced by stone feed published during 1993 to 2016 were collected,and the important information such as the animal species,the feed formulation,the rate of stone formation,the test indexes and the drugs were input. A quantitative statistics as well as an analysis of modeling elements were conducted. Results: The commonly used animals for test were guinea pigs,mice,rabbits and stone feed commonly adopted cholesterol and fat. One of the most commonly used feed formulation for guinea pigs was 90% complete feed,1% cholesterol,2% lard,5% sucrose and 2% casein and after a 49-day continuous feeding,the stone formation rate was 87. 40% The most commonly used formula for mice was 83. 50% complete feed,1% cholesterol,15% fat,and 0. 5% cholic acid. After a 45-day continuous feeding,the average rate of stone formation was about89. 48%. The most commonly used formula for rabbits was 98. 80% complete feed,1. 2% cholesterol and after a 50-day continuous feeding,the average rate of stone formation was about 72. 40%. Dogs fed with 0. 3% cholesterol stone feed for 42 consecutive days showed a 100% stone formation rate. Tree shrews fed with 20% cholesterol,20% sucrose,15% lard( lard),20% egg,25% corn flour for 42 days also showed a 100% rate of stone formation while the hamster glucose fed with 74. 3% casein,20%,salt 5%,vitamin 0. 5% and 0. 2% choline chloride lithogenic diet for 21 consecutive days showed a 50% stone formation rate.The indicators of the test included TC,TBIL,LDL,Ba,PL,HDL,etc and serum TC,TG,TBIL,LDL,Ba,HDL,CKK,etc.Drugs were given in the process of modeling and the commonly used drugs included chenodeoxycholic acid,ursodeoxycholic acid,and compound Chinese Medicine which contains 77 kinds of medicinal herbs such as Radix Glycyrrhizae,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Herba Lysimachiae,Radix Bupleuri,Herba Artemisiae Scopariae and so on. Conclusion: Stone feed is generally used in the manufacture of cholesterol gallstone animal model,but the formulation and the rate of stone formation often vary with a high cost and a time-consuming process. Traditional Chinese medicine plays a positive role in recovering the functions of hepatobiliary systems and preventing cacocholia. The evaluation indexes mainly include lipid,liver function and biliary dynamics.
Objective: To conduct a quantitative study on the modeling factors of animal model of cholesterol gallstone induced by stone feed to provide references for improving the efficiency of modeling and evaluating the effectiveness of drugs. Methods: Literatures on animal models of cholesterol gallstone induced by stone feed published during 1993 to 2016 were collected,and the important information such as the animal species,the feed formulation,the rate of stone formation,the test indexes and the drugs were input. A quantitative statistics as well as an analysis of modeling elements were conducted. Results: The commonly used animals for test were guinea pigs,mice,rabbits and stone feed commonly adopted cholesterol and fat. One of the most commonly used feed formulation for guinea pigs was 90% complete feed,1% cholesterol,2% lard,5% sucrose and 2% casein and after a 49-day continuous feeding,the stone formation rate was 87. 40% The most commonly used formula for mice was 83. 50% complete feed,1% cholesterol,15% fat,and 0. 5% cholic acid. After a 45-day continuous feeding,the average rate of stone formation was about89. 48%. The most commonly used formula for rabbits was 98. 80% complete feed,1. 2% cholesterol and after a 50-day continuous feeding,the average rate of stone formation was about 72. 40%. Dogs fed with 0. 3% cholesterol stone feed for 42 consecutive days showed a 100% stone formation rate. Tree shrews fed with 20% cholesterol,20% sucrose,15% lard( lard),20% egg,25% corn flour for 42 days also showed a 100% rate of stone formation while the hamster glucose fed with 74. 3% casein,20%,salt 5%,vitamin 0. 5% and 0. 2% choline chloride lithogenic diet for 21 consecutive days showed a 50% stone formation rate.The indicators of the test included TC,TBIL,LDL,Ba,PL,HDL,etc and serum TC,TG,TBIL,LDL,Ba,HDL,CKK,etc.Drugs were given in the process of modeling and the commonly used drugs included chenodeoxycholic acid,ursodeoxycholic acid,and compound Chinese Medicine which contains 77 kinds of medicinal herbs such as Radix Glycyrrhizae,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Herba Lysimachiae,Radix Bupleuri,Herba Artemisiae Scopariae and so on. Conclusion: Stone feed is generally used in the manufacture of cholesterol gallstone animal model,but the formulation and the rate of stone formation often vary with a high cost and a time-consuming process. Traditional Chinese medicine plays a positive role in recovering the functions of hepatobiliary systems and preventing cacocholia. The evaluation indexes mainly include lipid,liver function and biliary dynamics.
引文
[1]Zeng Q,He Y,Qiang DC,et al.Prevalence and epidemiological pattern of gallstones in urban residents in China[J].Eur J Gastroenterol Hepato,2012,24(12):1459-1460.
[2]Qiao T,Ma RH,Luo XB,et al.The systematic classification of gallbladder stones[J].PLo S One,2013,8(10):e74887.
[3]梁晓强,朱培庭,张静喆.胆石病实验模型的研究进展[J].上海医药,2014,35(18):8-9.
[4]邓甜甜.齐刺胆的下合穴对豚鼠急性胆囊炎模型血浆β-EP和CCK-8影响的研究[D].沈阳:辽宁中医药大学,2014.
[5]邓漾,韩天权,商俊,等.胆汁酸代谢经典途径酶基因表达与豚鼠胆石病关系的研究[J].外科理论与实践,2001,6(3):149-153.
[6]方邦江,周爽,裴新军,等.养肝利胆颗粒对胆囊胆固醇结石豚鼠胰岛素抵抗的干预作用[J].中西医结合学报,2009,7(12):1159-1163.
[7]陈玲,涂春香,施文荣.鬼针草对实验性豚鼠胆囊结石的影响[J].福建中医药,2009,40(3):40-41.
[8]侯晓明,罗燕燕,董莹,等.排石饮液对实验性胆结石的拮抗作用研究[J].北京中医,2004,23(3):179-183.
[9]张静哲,袁作彪,高炬,等.养肝柔肝法逆转豚鼠成石胆汁致石性的实验研究[J].结合医学学报:英文版,2003,1(4):289-292.
[10]朱东晨,黄大鹤,高方,等.绿茶预防胆固醇结石动物实验研究[J].白求恩医科大学学报,1993,19(3):258-259.
[11]张栋梁,齐清会,李毅,等.通里攻下法防治豚鼠结石性胆囊炎的实验研究[J].江苏中医药,2012,44(3):68-69.
[12]周文江,杨萍,杨幼明,等.鱼肝油对豚鼠胆囊胆固醇结石生成的影响[J].现代实用医学,2001,13(10):507-508.
[13]陈小菁,胡晓晴,许亚超,等.大柴胡汤对豚鼠胆囊黏蛋白分泌及其基因表达的影响[J].江西中医药,2015,46(10):34-36.
[14]葛少祥,彭代银,刘金旗,等.连钱草治疗胆固醇结石的实验研究[J].中药材,2007,30(7):842-845.
[15]钟洁,昊万垠.肝胆宁抑制豚鼠胆固醇结石形成的实验研究[J].新消化病学杂志,1995,3(2):69-71.
[16]崔海兰,尉中民.利胆排石冲剂防治胆石病的实验研究[J].中医药学刊,2004,22(7):1208-1210.
[17]葛少祥,彭代银,刘金旗,等.连钱草治疗胆固醇结石的实验研究[J].中药材,2007,30(7):842-845.
[18]陆红,张信岳,刘芳芳,等.舒胆通颗粒防治胆石症的实验研究[J].中国临床药理学与治疗学,2009,14(9):1028-1031.
[19]康国治,潘晓明,李彪,等.复方熊胆粉防治胆石病的药效学研究[J].中国中医药科技,1996,3(5):20,21-26.
[20]刘皓,王平,冷秀梅,等.中药胆宁片治疗胆囊胆固醇结石作用机制的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2014,22(11):658-661.
[21]刘皓,范尧夫,王平,等.胆宁片对胆固醇结石模型豚鼠胆囊运动功能及血浆CCK水平的影响[J].长春中医药大学学报,2014,30(5):773-776.
[22]李均乐,田立新.绞股蓝预防豚鼠胆囊胆固醇结石形成[J].中华肝胆外科杂志,2002,8(10):609-610.
[23]陈犁,吕姗姗,谯志文,等.舒肝顺气丸利胆药效学研究[J].世界中西医结合杂志,2014,9(12):1281-1284.
[24]周大兴,将志炕,阮叶萍,等.金钱对唑合剂防治胆石症的实验研究[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2006,30(5):530-532.
[25]刘禹翔,李健,黄彬,等.中药预防胆囊胆固醇结石实验研究[J].中国中医急症,2008,17(5):666-667.
[26]董米连,薛之祥.胆囊Ⅲ号方预防胆固醇结石的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,1997,3(1):6-8.
[27]沈平,方邦江,朱培庭,等.养肝柔肝中药对胆囊胆固醇结石豚鼠胆囊细胞钙离子浓度的影响[J].中西医结合学报,2007,5(2):179-182.
[28]皮儒先,伍强,谢斌,等.辣椒碱影响高脂餐小鼠胆囊结石形成及其机制研究[J].免疫学杂志,2016,32(5):369-375.
[29]李勇男,吴硕东,田雨.姜黄素在预防高脂饮食小鼠胆囊胆固醇性结石中的作用[J].肝胆胰外科杂志,2015,27(6):506-511.
[30]李勇男,吴硕东,田雨.姜黄素联合胡椒碱在预防小鼠胆囊胆固醇性结石中的作用[J].中国普外基础与临床杂志,2015,22(12):1453-1459.
[31]徐霜,胡金凤,楚世峰,等.荜拔油非皂化物预防胆固醇结石的形成[J].药学学报,2013,48(7):1178-1182.
[32]孙阳,梁颖,徐少娜,等.利胆排石汤对实验性胆结石小鼠肝脏形态学影响[J].中医药信息,2010,27(2):41-43.
[33]梁颖,孙阳,毕克滨,等.利胆排石汤对胆结石小鼠脂类代谢及肝组织B-UGtr活性的影响[J].中医药信息,2008,25(6):77-79.
[34]安国顺,王海梅,巴图乌拉,等.荜拔油不皂化物抑制C57BL/6小鼠胆囊结石的形成[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2008,14(3):235-238.
[35]吕震,俞渊,王兵,等.大黄灵仙胶囊对小鼠胆结石形成及肝病理和血液生化指标的影响[J].医学研究生学报,2016,29(6):577-581.
[36]张静喆,梁晓强,顾宏刚,等.养肝利胆颗粒对胆固醇结石小鼠肝脏基因表达的影响[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2011,19(4):234-238.
[37]唐乾利,吕震,俞渊,等.大黄灵仙胶囊调控胆结石小鼠肝细胞转运蛋白表达及胆汁代谢谱的机制研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2016,36(8):953-959.
[38]张俊威,许庆瑞,姚琳,等.胆石消胶囊消石利胆作用的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2012,20(8):359-361.
[39]王海梅,巴图乌拉,王俊峰,等.荜拔油不皂化物抑制C57BL/6小鼠胆囊结石的形成[J].北京中医药杂志,2006,25(10):630-632.
[40]邱玉华,王海梅,吴京涛,等.胡椒碱抑制C57BL/6小鼠胆囊结石形成的研究[J].北京中医,2007,26(9):617-619.
[41]张红军,祝学光,陈祥柏.药物诱导胆红素葡萄糖醛酸转移酶的基因表达对小鼠胆结石形成的抑制作用[J].中华普通外科杂志,1999,14(5):344-347.
[42]钱英,胡姗姗,陈泽慧,等.胆石六号汤对小鼠胆固醇结石的影响[J].中药药理与临床,2013,29(3):147-149.
[43]王羊,张成,冯金鸽.大黄素影响胆固醇结石形成的实验研究[J].陕西医学杂志,2016,45(6):656-658.
[44]刘惠武,严红梅,余首德,等.疏肝利胆汤抑制兔胆结石形成的作用及机制研究[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2016,24(1):15-16.
[45]赵纪春,朱红,程南生.兔胆囊结石形成过程中脂代谢和载脂蛋白变化研究[J].华西医科大学学报,1997,28(4):17-20.
[46]赵纪春,舒晔,程南生,等.胆囊结石中胆固醇代谢变化的实验研究[J].中国普通外科杂志,2000,9(2):124-128.
[47]张继红,杨可祯,韩本立.红霉素预防家兔胆囊结石形成的实验研究[J].广东医学,1996,17(1):46-48.
[48]别平,黄志强,王敖川,等.胆囊巨噬细胞与胆囊炎症和结石形成关系的动物实验与临床研究[J].第三军医大学学报,1994,16(6):425-428.
[49]李月廷,祝学光.胡椒碱抑制兔胆结石形成的作用和机制[J].中华肝胆外科杂志,2003(9):426-428.
[50]李月廷,祝学光,陈祥柏,等.熊去氧胆酸抑制兔胆结石形成的作用及机制[J].北京大学学报,2001,33(3):469-471.
[51]张继红,韩本立.消炎痛、红霉素预防胆囊结石形成的实验研究[J].中国普通外科杂志,1998,7(3):5-8.
[52]苏敬东,李士骏,赵浩亮.咖啡因预防家兔胆囊结石形成的研究[J].中华实验外科杂志,1994,11(1):27-28.
[53]王江华,陈先祥,蔡庆和,等.小檗碱抑制兔胆固醇结石形成的作用和机制[J].肝胆胰外科杂志,2007,19(5):288-290.
[54]黄大鹤,王农,陈云波,等.饮酒对胆固醇结石的预防作用的实验研究[J].肝胆胰外科杂志,1994(3):1-4.
[55]梁颖.利胆排石汤抗实验性胆固醇结石作用及作用机理的研究[D].哈尔滨:黑龙江中医药大学,2007.
[56]于福文,康庆伟.中药排石方抑制胆固醇结石的实验研究[J].中国城乡企业卫生,2009,10(5):107-108.
[57]阎姝,崔乃强,方步武,等.茵陈合剂对家兔胆固醇结石成石性胆汁分泌的影响[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2008,14(1):50-55.
[58]李秋荣,拱玉华,周建萍,等.高胆固醇饮食对胆结石形成的研究[J].临床肝胆病杂志,2002,18(5):320-封3.
[59]魏克强,许淑琴.消石散对中国树鼠句胆结石形成的影响[J].甘肃科学学报,2002,14(4):78-80.
[60]孙颖,杨展澜,申国荣,等.胆结石组成和形成机理的研究进展[J].中国科学B辑,2001,31(5):385-393.
[61]陈轶昀,陈深,吴科能.胆结石的化学基础研究进展[J].中国社区医师,2014,30(18):7-8.
[62]孙泓,蒲小平.胆石病动物模型及药物靶点的研究进展[J].中国新药杂志,2007,16(22):1844-1848.
[63]Klass DM,Bührmann K,Sauter G,et al.Biliary lipids,cholesterol and bile synthesis:different adaptive mechanisms to dietary cholesterol in lean and obese subjects[J].Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2006,23(7):895-905.
[64]靖俊,丁宁,丁晓萌,等.高脂饮食对雄性小鼠生殖功能和睾丸内氧化低密度脂蛋白变化的影响[J].医学研究生学报,2016,29(2):133-137.
[65]van Berge-Henegouwen GP1,Venneman NG,Portincasa P,Kosters A,et al.Relevance of hereditary defects in lipid transport proteins for the pathogenesis of cholesterolgallstone disease[J].Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl,2004(241):60-69.
[66]陆勇,王绍明.健脾利胆中药脉冲疗法预防保胆取石术后结石复发的临床研究[D].成都:成都中医药大学,2011.
[2]Qiao T,Ma RH,Luo XB,et al.The systematic classification of gallbladder stones[J].PLo S One,2013,8(10):e74887.
[3]梁晓强,朱培庭,张静喆.胆石病实验模型的研究进展[J].上海医药,2014,35(18):8-9.
[4]邓甜甜.齐刺胆的下合穴对豚鼠急性胆囊炎模型血浆β-EP和CCK-8影响的研究[D].沈阳:辽宁中医药大学,2014.
[5]邓漾,韩天权,商俊,等.胆汁酸代谢经典途径酶基因表达与豚鼠胆石病关系的研究[J].外科理论与实践,2001,6(3):149-153.
[6]方邦江,周爽,裴新军,等.养肝利胆颗粒对胆囊胆固醇结石豚鼠胰岛素抵抗的干预作用[J].中西医结合学报,2009,7(12):1159-1163.
[7]陈玲,涂春香,施文荣.鬼针草对实验性豚鼠胆囊结石的影响[J].福建中医药,2009,40(3):40-41.
[8]侯晓明,罗燕燕,董莹,等.排石饮液对实验性胆结石的拮抗作用研究[J].北京中医,2004,23(3):179-183.
[9]张静哲,袁作彪,高炬,等.养肝柔肝法逆转豚鼠成石胆汁致石性的实验研究[J].结合医学学报:英文版,2003,1(4):289-292.
[10]朱东晨,黄大鹤,高方,等.绿茶预防胆固醇结石动物实验研究[J].白求恩医科大学学报,1993,19(3):258-259.
[11]张栋梁,齐清会,李毅,等.通里攻下法防治豚鼠结石性胆囊炎的实验研究[J].江苏中医药,2012,44(3):68-69.
[12]周文江,杨萍,杨幼明,等.鱼肝油对豚鼠胆囊胆固醇结石生成的影响[J].现代实用医学,2001,13(10):507-508.
[13]陈小菁,胡晓晴,许亚超,等.大柴胡汤对豚鼠胆囊黏蛋白分泌及其基因表达的影响[J].江西中医药,2015,46(10):34-36.
[14]葛少祥,彭代银,刘金旗,等.连钱草治疗胆固醇结石的实验研究[J].中药材,2007,30(7):842-845.
[15]钟洁,昊万垠.肝胆宁抑制豚鼠胆固醇结石形成的实验研究[J].新消化病学杂志,1995,3(2):69-71.
[16]崔海兰,尉中民.利胆排石冲剂防治胆石病的实验研究[J].中医药学刊,2004,22(7):1208-1210.
[17]葛少祥,彭代银,刘金旗,等.连钱草治疗胆固醇结石的实验研究[J].中药材,2007,30(7):842-845.
[18]陆红,张信岳,刘芳芳,等.舒胆通颗粒防治胆石症的实验研究[J].中国临床药理学与治疗学,2009,14(9):1028-1031.
[19]康国治,潘晓明,李彪,等.复方熊胆粉防治胆石病的药效学研究[J].中国中医药科技,1996,3(5):20,21-26.
[20]刘皓,王平,冷秀梅,等.中药胆宁片治疗胆囊胆固醇结石作用机制的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2014,22(11):658-661.
[21]刘皓,范尧夫,王平,等.胆宁片对胆固醇结石模型豚鼠胆囊运动功能及血浆CCK水平的影响[J].长春中医药大学学报,2014,30(5):773-776.
[22]李均乐,田立新.绞股蓝预防豚鼠胆囊胆固醇结石形成[J].中华肝胆外科杂志,2002,8(10):609-610.
[23]陈犁,吕姗姗,谯志文,等.舒肝顺气丸利胆药效学研究[J].世界中西医结合杂志,2014,9(12):1281-1284.
[24]周大兴,将志炕,阮叶萍,等.金钱对唑合剂防治胆石症的实验研究[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2006,30(5):530-532.
[25]刘禹翔,李健,黄彬,等.中药预防胆囊胆固醇结石实验研究[J].中国中医急症,2008,17(5):666-667.
[26]董米连,薛之祥.胆囊Ⅲ号方预防胆固醇结石的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,1997,3(1):6-8.
[27]沈平,方邦江,朱培庭,等.养肝柔肝中药对胆囊胆固醇结石豚鼠胆囊细胞钙离子浓度的影响[J].中西医结合学报,2007,5(2):179-182.
[28]皮儒先,伍强,谢斌,等.辣椒碱影响高脂餐小鼠胆囊结石形成及其机制研究[J].免疫学杂志,2016,32(5):369-375.
[29]李勇男,吴硕东,田雨.姜黄素在预防高脂饮食小鼠胆囊胆固醇性结石中的作用[J].肝胆胰外科杂志,2015,27(6):506-511.
[30]李勇男,吴硕东,田雨.姜黄素联合胡椒碱在预防小鼠胆囊胆固醇性结石中的作用[J].中国普外基础与临床杂志,2015,22(12):1453-1459.
[31]徐霜,胡金凤,楚世峰,等.荜拔油非皂化物预防胆固醇结石的形成[J].药学学报,2013,48(7):1178-1182.
[32]孙阳,梁颖,徐少娜,等.利胆排石汤对实验性胆结石小鼠肝脏形态学影响[J].中医药信息,2010,27(2):41-43.
[33]梁颖,孙阳,毕克滨,等.利胆排石汤对胆结石小鼠脂类代谢及肝组织B-UGtr活性的影响[J].中医药信息,2008,25(6):77-79.
[34]安国顺,王海梅,巴图乌拉,等.荜拔油不皂化物抑制C57BL/6小鼠胆囊结石的形成[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2008,14(3):235-238.
[35]吕震,俞渊,王兵,等.大黄灵仙胶囊对小鼠胆结石形成及肝病理和血液生化指标的影响[J].医学研究生学报,2016,29(6):577-581.
[36]张静喆,梁晓强,顾宏刚,等.养肝利胆颗粒对胆固醇结石小鼠肝脏基因表达的影响[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2011,19(4):234-238.
[37]唐乾利,吕震,俞渊,等.大黄灵仙胶囊调控胆结石小鼠肝细胞转运蛋白表达及胆汁代谢谱的机制研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2016,36(8):953-959.
[38]张俊威,许庆瑞,姚琳,等.胆石消胶囊消石利胆作用的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2012,20(8):359-361.
[39]王海梅,巴图乌拉,王俊峰,等.荜拔油不皂化物抑制C57BL/6小鼠胆囊结石的形成[J].北京中医药杂志,2006,25(10):630-632.
[40]邱玉华,王海梅,吴京涛,等.胡椒碱抑制C57BL/6小鼠胆囊结石形成的研究[J].北京中医,2007,26(9):617-619.
[41]张红军,祝学光,陈祥柏.药物诱导胆红素葡萄糖醛酸转移酶的基因表达对小鼠胆结石形成的抑制作用[J].中华普通外科杂志,1999,14(5):344-347.
[42]钱英,胡姗姗,陈泽慧,等.胆石六号汤对小鼠胆固醇结石的影响[J].中药药理与临床,2013,29(3):147-149.
[43]王羊,张成,冯金鸽.大黄素影响胆固醇结石形成的实验研究[J].陕西医学杂志,2016,45(6):656-658.
[44]刘惠武,严红梅,余首德,等.疏肝利胆汤抑制兔胆结石形成的作用及机制研究[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2016,24(1):15-16.
[45]赵纪春,朱红,程南生.兔胆囊结石形成过程中脂代谢和载脂蛋白变化研究[J].华西医科大学学报,1997,28(4):17-20.
[46]赵纪春,舒晔,程南生,等.胆囊结石中胆固醇代谢变化的实验研究[J].中国普通外科杂志,2000,9(2):124-128.
[47]张继红,杨可祯,韩本立.红霉素预防家兔胆囊结石形成的实验研究[J].广东医学,1996,17(1):46-48.
[48]别平,黄志强,王敖川,等.胆囊巨噬细胞与胆囊炎症和结石形成关系的动物实验与临床研究[J].第三军医大学学报,1994,16(6):425-428.
[49]李月廷,祝学光.胡椒碱抑制兔胆结石形成的作用和机制[J].中华肝胆外科杂志,2003(9):426-428.
[50]李月廷,祝学光,陈祥柏,等.熊去氧胆酸抑制兔胆结石形成的作用及机制[J].北京大学学报,2001,33(3):469-471.
[51]张继红,韩本立.消炎痛、红霉素预防胆囊结石形成的实验研究[J].中国普通外科杂志,1998,7(3):5-8.
[52]苏敬东,李士骏,赵浩亮.咖啡因预防家兔胆囊结石形成的研究[J].中华实验外科杂志,1994,11(1):27-28.
[53]王江华,陈先祥,蔡庆和,等.小檗碱抑制兔胆固醇结石形成的作用和机制[J].肝胆胰外科杂志,2007,19(5):288-290.
[54]黄大鹤,王农,陈云波,等.饮酒对胆固醇结石的预防作用的实验研究[J].肝胆胰外科杂志,1994(3):1-4.
[55]梁颖.利胆排石汤抗实验性胆固醇结石作用及作用机理的研究[D].哈尔滨:黑龙江中医药大学,2007.
[56]于福文,康庆伟.中药排石方抑制胆固醇结石的实验研究[J].中国城乡企业卫生,2009,10(5):107-108.
[57]阎姝,崔乃强,方步武,等.茵陈合剂对家兔胆固醇结石成石性胆汁分泌的影响[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2008,14(1):50-55.
[58]李秋荣,拱玉华,周建萍,等.高胆固醇饮食对胆结石形成的研究[J].临床肝胆病杂志,2002,18(5):320-封3.
[59]魏克强,许淑琴.消石散对中国树鼠句胆结石形成的影响[J].甘肃科学学报,2002,14(4):78-80.
[60]孙颖,杨展澜,申国荣,等.胆结石组成和形成机理的研究进展[J].中国科学B辑,2001,31(5):385-393.
[61]陈轶昀,陈深,吴科能.胆结石的化学基础研究进展[J].中国社区医师,2014,30(18):7-8.
[62]孙泓,蒲小平.胆石病动物模型及药物靶点的研究进展[J].中国新药杂志,2007,16(22):1844-1848.
[63]Klass DM,Bührmann K,Sauter G,et al.Biliary lipids,cholesterol and bile synthesis:different adaptive mechanisms to dietary cholesterol in lean and obese subjects[J].Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2006,23(7):895-905.
[64]靖俊,丁宁,丁晓萌,等.高脂饮食对雄性小鼠生殖功能和睾丸内氧化低密度脂蛋白变化的影响[J].医学研究生学报,2016,29(2):133-137.
[65]van Berge-Henegouwen GP1,Venneman NG,Portincasa P,Kosters A,et al.Relevance of hereditary defects in lipid transport proteins for the pathogenesis of cholesterolgallstone disease[J].Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl,2004(241):60-69.
[66]陆勇,王绍明.健脾利胆中药脉冲疗法预防保胆取石术后结石复发的临床研究[D].成都:成都中医药大学,2011.