乙炔基雌二醇短期暴露损伤斑马鱼雌性成鱼渗透压调节
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摘要
【目的】考察乙炔基雌二醇(17α-ethinylestradiol,EE2)短期暴露对斑马鱼(Danio rerio)雌性成鱼渗透压调节的影响。【方法】用10和100ng·L-1 EE2暴露性斑马鱼雌性成鱼7d,同时设立不含EE2的对照组,然后测量斑马鱼体质量、体长并计算肥满度,测定全血量、血浆量和红细胞数量,观察鳃与肾的组织结构。【结果】与对照组相比,受100ng·L-1 EE2短期暴露处理后的斑马鱼雌性成鱼出现眼球突出、体表充血、鳞片竖起等症状,肥满度明显增加全血量和血浆量明显升高,红细胞数量则明显下降。此外,经EE2短期暴露处理的斑马鱼雌性成鱼的鳃出现上皮细胞水肿、血管扩张等症状,而肾脏则出现小管上皮水肿、多发性出血等症状。【结论】EE2短期暴露导致斑马鱼雌性成鱼渗透压调节出现明显失衡,对该鱼具有强烈的渗透压毒性。
[Purposes]17α-ethinylestradiol(EE2)has been proved to impair oogenesis and ovarian maturation in fish.However,whether EE2 is capable of affecting the osmo-regulation of fish remained unknown.[Methods]Adult zebrafish(Danio rerio)females were exposed to two concentrations of EE2(10 and 100 ng·L-1)and control(without EE2)for 7 days.After exposure,the morphology,condition factor,total blood volume,plasma volume,concentration of red blood cell and the histology of gill and kidney of the fish were measured.[Findings]After exposure,morphological impairments,such as protopsis and trichangiectasis in the skin,as well as increased condition factor,were observed.In addition,elevated blood volume and plasma volume while decreased concentration of red blood cells were further present in exposed fish.Histological changes,such as swelling branchial epithelial cells and trichangiectasis in gill and swelling tubular epithelial cells and hemorrhage in interrenal tissues of kidney were observed.[Conclusions]Short-term exposure of EE2 impaired the osmo-regulation of zebrafish female adults,indicating the strong osmo-toxicity of EE2 on zebrafish females.
[Purposes]17α-ethinylestradiol(EE2)has been proved to impair oogenesis and ovarian maturation in fish.However,whether EE2 is capable of affecting the osmo-regulation of fish remained unknown.[Methods]Adult zebrafish(Danio rerio)females were exposed to two concentrations of EE2(10 and 100 ng·L-1)and control(without EE2)for 7 days.After exposure,the morphology,condition factor,total blood volume,plasma volume,concentration of red blood cell and the histology of gill and kidney of the fish were measured.[Findings]After exposure,morphological impairments,such as protopsis and trichangiectasis in the skin,as well as increased condition factor,were observed.In addition,elevated blood volume and plasma volume while decreased concentration of red blood cells were further present in exposed fish.Histological changes,such as swelling branchial epithelial cells and trichangiectasis in gill and swelling tubular epithelial cells and hemorrhage in interrenal tissues of kidney were observed.[Conclusions]Short-term exposure of EE2 impaired the osmo-regulation of zebrafish female adults,indicating the strong osmo-toxicity of EE2 on zebrafish females.
引文
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[15]EVANS D H,PIERMARINI P M,CHOE K P.The multifunctional fish gill:dominant site of gas exchange,osmoregulation,acid-base regulation,and excretion of nitrogenous waste[J].Physiological Reviews,2005,85(1):97-177.
[2]WEBER L P,HILL R L,JANZ D M.Developmental estrogenic exposure in zebrafish(Danio rerio):II.Histological evaluation of gametogenesis and organ toxicity[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2003,63(4):431-446.
[3]MILLER H D,CLARK B W,HINTON D E,et al.Anchoring ethinylestradiol induced gene expression changes with testicular morphology and reproductive function in the medaka[J].Plos One,2012,7(12):e52479.
[4]PORSERYD T,REYHANIAN C N,VOLKOVA K,et al.Testis transcriptome alterations in zebrafish(Danio rerio)with reduced fertility due to developmental exposure to17α-ethinylestradiol[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2018,262:44-58.
[5]郭学鸣,李英文,尹盼等.EE2抑制斑马鱼卵巢发育和卵母细胞发生[J].重庆师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015,32(3):30-34.GUO X M,LING Y W,YIN P,et al.The inhibition of 17α-ethynylestradiol on zebrafish(Danio rerio)ovarian development and oogenesis[J].Journal of Chongqing Normal U-niversity(Natural Science),2015,32(3):30-34.
[6]饶剑军.EE2损伤雌性斑马鱼成鱼(Danio rerio)卵巢、肝脏和鳃的毒理机制[D].重庆:重庆师范大学,2016.RAO J J.Toxicological mechanism of EE2damage ovary,liver and gill inadult female zebrafish[D].Chongqing:Chongqing Normal University,2016.
[7]BABAEI F,RAMALINGAM R,TAVENDALE A,et al.Novel blood collection method allows plasma proteome analysis from single zebrafish[J].Journal of Proteome Research,2013,12(4):1580-1590.
[8]DONATO V,LACQUANITI A,CERNARO V,et al.From water to aquaretics:a legendary route[J].Cell Physiology Biochemistry,2014,33(5):1369-1388.
[9]谢志浩.鱼类的渗透压调节[J].生物学通报,2002,37(5):22-23.XIE Z H.Osmotic adjustment of fish[J].Biology Bulletin,2002,37(5):22-23.
[10]GUH Y J,LIN C H,HWANG P P.Osmoregulation in zebrafish:ion transport mechanisms and functional regulation[J].EXCLI Journal,2015,14:627-659.
[11]CRAIG P M,WOOD C M,Mc CLELLAND G B.Gill membrane remodeling with soft-water acclimation in zebrafish(Danio rerio)[J].Physiol Genomics,2007,30(1):53-60.
[12]NIELSEN S,FRKIR J,MARPLES D,et al.Aquaporins in the kidney:from molecules to medicine[J].Physiological Reviews,2002,82(1):205-244.
[13]SHIGEHISA H,TOYOJY K,NOBUKE N,et a1.Molecular biology of major components of chloride cells[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology,Part B,2003,36(4):593-620.
[14]尹飞,孙鹏,彭士明,等.低盐度胁迫对银鲳幼鱼肝脏抗氧化酶,鳃和肾脏ATP酶活力的影响[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(4):1059-1066.YIN F,SUN P,PENG S M,et al.Effects of low salinity stress on the antioxidant enzyme activities in juvenile Pampus argenteus liver and the APTase activities in its gill and kidney[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,22(4):1059-1066.
[15]EVANS D H,PIERMARINI P M,CHOE K P.The multifunctional fish gill:dominant site of gas exchange,osmoregulation,acid-base regulation,and excretion of nitrogenous waste[J].Physiological Reviews,2005,85(1):97-177.