IUCN保护地管理分类研究与借鉴
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摘要
中国自然保护地体系"顶层设计"重要性和迫切性成为共识,但目前分类尚未统一;现状保护地分类依据的研究以定性为主,量化分析和案例实证有待加强。希望从IUCN保护地管理分类及其应用中得到经验借鉴。分析了IUCN保护地管理分类的管理目标和管理措施,对管理措施空间量化进行了初步分析和验证;从全球应用、各国保护地类型确定和指导保护地体系构建3个方面,研究了IUCN保护地管理分类在国际上的应用特征;最后对我国自然保护地管理分类构建提出相应建议。
The importance and urgency of the "top design" of the protected areas system have become a common understanding, but the classification has not yet been unified. The basis of protected area classification is mainly qualitative, and the quantitative analysis and case study need to be strengthened. This study hopes to draw lessons from the IUCN protected areas management categories and its application. The management objectives and measures of IUCN protected areas management categories are analyzed, and the spatial quantification of management measures is analyzed and verified. Then the international application characteristics of IUCN protected area management categories are studied, from three aspects of global application, protected area category determination and protected area system guidance. Finally, some suggestions are put forward for the construction of Chinese protected area system.
The importance and urgency of the "top design" of the protected areas system have become a common understanding, but the classification has not yet been unified. The basis of protected area classification is mainly qualitative, and the quantitative analysis and case study need to be strengthened. This study hopes to draw lessons from the IUCN protected areas management categories and its application. The management objectives and measures of IUCN protected areas management categories are analyzed, and the spatial quantification of management measures is analyzed and verified. Then the international application characteristics of IUCN protected area management categories are studied, from three aspects of global application, protected area category determination and protected area system guidance. Finally, some suggestions are put forward for the construction of Chinese protected area system.
引文
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[28]王祝根,李晓蕾,史蒂芬.J.巴里.澳大利亚国家保护地规划历程及其借鉴[J].风景园林,2017(7):57-64.
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[2]杨锐.论中国国家公园体制建设中的九对关系[J].中国园林,2014(8):5-8.
[3]陈耀华,黄丹,颜思琦.论国家公园的公益性、国家主导性和科学性[J].地理科学,2014(3):257-264.
[4]苏杨,王蕾.中国国家公园体制试点的相关概念、政策背景和技术难点[J].环境保护,2015(14):17-23.
[5]唐芳林.建立国家公园的实质是完善自然保护体制[J].林业与生态,2015(10):13-15.
[6]马克平.国家公园首先是自然保护基地[J].生物多样性,2014(4):415-417.
[7]吕植.中国国家公园:挑战还是契机?[J].生物多样性,2014(4):421-422.
[8]吕偲,曾晴,雷光春.基于生态系统服务的保护地分类体系构建[J].中国园林,2017(8):19-23.
[9]朱春全.关于建立国家公园体制的思考[J].生物多样性,2014(4):418-421.
[10]赵智聪,彭琳,杨锐.国家公园体制建设背景下中国自然保护地体系的重构[J].中国园林,2016(7):11-18.
[11]欧阳志云,徐卫华.整合我国自然保护区体系,依法建设国家公园[J].生物多样性,2014(4):425-427.
[12]束晨阳.论中国的国家公园与保护地体系建设问题[J].中国园林,2016(7):19-24.
[13]吴承照,刘广宁.管理目标与国家自然保护地分类系统[J].风景园林,2017(7):16-22.
[14]苏杨.保护地体系与新型城镇化[N].中国发展观察,2016-06-15.
[15]夏友照,解焱,Mackinnon John.保护地管理类别和功能分区结合体系[J].应用与环境生物学报,2011(6):767-773.
[16]周睿,钟林生,刘家明,等.中国国家公园体系构建方法研究:以自然保护区为例[J].资源科学,2016(4):577-587.
[17]杨锐.试论世界国家公园运动的发展趋势[J].中国园林,2003(7):10-15.
[18]Bhola N,Juffe-Bignoli D,Burguess N,et al.Protected Planet Report 2016:How Protected Areas Contribute to Achieving Global Targets for Biodiversity 2016[R].UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre(UNEP-WCMC).2016.
[19]Dudley N:Guidelines for applying protected area management categories[R].IUCN,2008.
[20]Vreugdenhil D,Terborgh J,et al.Comprehensive Protected Areas System Composition and Monitoring[R].WICE,USA,Shepherdstown.2003.
[21]王洪涛.德国自然公园的建设与管理[J].城乡建设,2008(10):73-75.
[22]Phil ips A.The history of the international system of protected area management categories[J].Parks,2004,14(3):4-14.
[23]秦天宝.澳大利亚保护地法律与实践述评[C]//中国法学会环境资源法学研究会,昆明理工大学.生态文明与环境资源法:2009年全国环境资源法学研讨会(年会)论文集,2009.
[24]IUCN NCUK.Putting nature on the map-identifying protected areas in the UK:A handbook to help identify protected areas in the UK and assign the IUCN management categories and governance types to them[R].IUCN National Committee for the United Kingdom.2012.
[25]EUROPARC Germany.German Translation of Guidelines for Applying Protected Area Management Categories[R].2010.
[26]CCEA.Canadian Guidebook:for the Application of IUCN Protected Area Categories 2008[R].2008.
[27]梁诗捷.美国保护地体系研究[D].上海:同济大学,2008.
[28]王祝根,李晓蕾,史蒂芬.J.巴里.澳大利亚国家保护地规划历程及其借鉴[J].风景园林,2017(7):57-64.
[29]Patri?cia Costa Pellizzaro.Stewardship and management of protected natural areas:the international context.Ambiente&Sociedade(On-line version ISSN 1809-4422)vol.18no.1[DB/OL].http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422ASOC509V1812015en.2015.