PEG模拟干旱胁迫下5种紫花苜蓿萌发期抗旱性的评估
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摘要
【目的】分析5种紫花苜蓿种子萌发期的抗旱性,以选育适合在内蒙古半干旱地区种植的紫花苜蓿品种。【方法】以内蒙古半干旱地区常用的5个紫花苜蓿品种(金皇后、中苜一号、阿尔冈金、威尔纳、冰驰)种子为材料,利用不同渗透势的PEG-6000溶液(0,-0.03,-0.10,-0.24,-0.42,-0.94 MPa)模拟干旱环境,测定5种紫花苜蓿品种种子萌发期的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、单日发芽数、抗旱指数5项指标,并利用隶属函数法对5种紫花苜蓿的抗旱性进行综合评价。【结果】不同渗透势的PEG溶液对5种紫花苜蓿种子的萌发均有抑制作用,且抑制效果随着渗透势的降低而增强,当渗透势达到-0.94MPa时,只有金皇后的发芽率在50%以上,具备正常的发芽能力。在渗透势从0下降到-0.42MPa时,5种紫花苜蓿种子的发芽高峰期不同程度向后推移5d左右,且发芽高峰期的最大发芽数也随之下降10～20粒,当渗透势达到-0.94MPa时,5种紫花苜蓿种子单日发芽数都不足5粒。依据隶属函数法,评判出5种紫花苜蓿种子萌发期抗旱性强弱依次为:金皇后>威尔纳>阿尔冈金>中苜一号>冰驰。【结论】在内蒙古半干旱地区,最适宜种植的紫花苜蓿品种为金皇后,其次为威尔纳。
【Objective】This study analyzed drought resistance of 5alfalfa seeds in the germination period to breed alfalfa varieties suitable for the semi-arid areas in Inner Mongolia.【Method】The seeds of 5alfalfa varieties(Golden Empress,Zhongmu No.1,Algonquin,Werner,and Bingchi)were used for test under the arid environment simulated with different osmotic potentials of PEG-6000solution(0,-0.03,-0.10,-0.24,-0.42,and-0.94 MPa)to determine the 5indexes of germination rate,germination potential,germination index,germination number per day and drought resistance index at germination stage.Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance was also conducted.【Result】The PEG solution with different os-motic potentials inhibited the germination of 5alfalfa seeds,and the inhibition effect was enhanced with the decrease of osmotic potential.When the osmotic potential was-0.94 MPa,only the germination rate of Golden Empress was above 50% and maintained normal germination ability.When the osmotic potential decreased from 0MPa to-0.42 MPa,the peak germination period of all the 5alfalfa seeds was delayed by about 5days,and the maximum number of germinating peaks at the germination peak was dropped by 10-20.When the osmotic potential reached-0.94 MPa,the number of generation seeds of all alfalfa varieties were less than 5per day.Based on the membership function method,the drought resistance during the germination period was in the order of Golden Empress> Werner>Algonquin>Zhongmu No.1>Bingchi.【Conclusion】In the semi-arid region in Inner Mongolia,the most suitable alfalfa variety for planting was Golden Empress,followed by Werner.
【Objective】This study analyzed drought resistance of 5alfalfa seeds in the germination period to breed alfalfa varieties suitable for the semi-arid areas in Inner Mongolia.【Method】The seeds of 5alfalfa varieties(Golden Empress,Zhongmu No.1,Algonquin,Werner,and Bingchi)were used for test under the arid environment simulated with different osmotic potentials of PEG-6000solution(0,-0.03,-0.10,-0.24,-0.42,and-0.94 MPa)to determine the 5indexes of germination rate,germination potential,germination index,germination number per day and drought resistance index at germination stage.Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance was also conducted.【Result】The PEG solution with different os-motic potentials inhibited the germination of 5alfalfa seeds,and the inhibition effect was enhanced with the decrease of osmotic potential.When the osmotic potential was-0.94 MPa,only the germination rate of Golden Empress was above 50% and maintained normal germination ability.When the osmotic potential decreased from 0MPa to-0.42 MPa,the peak germination period of all the 5alfalfa seeds was delayed by about 5days,and the maximum number of germinating peaks at the germination peak was dropped by 10-20.When the osmotic potential reached-0.94 MPa,the number of generation seeds of all alfalfa varieties were less than 5per day.Based on the membership function method,the drought resistance during the germination period was in the order of Golden Empress> Werner>Algonquin>Zhongmu No.1>Bingchi.【Conclusion】In the semi-arid region in Inner Mongolia,the most suitable alfalfa variety for planting was Golden Empress,followed by Werner.
引文
[1]户连荣,郎南军,郑科.植物抗旱性研究进展及发展趋势[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(7):2652-2654.Hu L R,Lang N J,Zheng K.Research progress and development trend of plant drought resistance[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2008,36(7):2652-2654.
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[4]赵燕梅,钟华,崔志文,等.不同品种、刈割时期苜蓿的营养特性[J].草业与畜牧,2015,15(1):17-22.Zhao Y M,Zhong H,Cui Z W,et al.Nutritional characteristics of alfalfa in different varieties and cutting periods[J].Prataculture&Animal Husbandry,2015,15(1):17-22.
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[6]马廷臣,余蓉蓉,陈荣军,等.PEG-6000模拟干旱对水稻幼苗期根系的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(6):1206-1211.Ma T C,Yu R R,Chen R J,et al.Effects of simulated drought on root system of rice seedlings at PEG-6000[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2010,18(6):1206-1211.
[7]余玲.不同品种紫花苜蓿种子发育的生理生化研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2008.Yu L.Physiological and biochemical studies on seed development of different alfalfa varieties[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2008.
[8]刘慧霞,王彦荣.水引发对紫花苜蓿种子萌发及其生理活动的影响[J].草业学报,2008,17(4):78-84.Liu H X,Wang Y R.Effects of water priming on seed germination and physiological activities of Medicago sativa[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2008,17(4):78-84.
[9] JoséA C,Da Silva E A A,Davide A C,et al.Effects of drying rate and storage time on Magnolia ovata spreng.seed viability[J].Seed Science and Technology,2011,39(2):425-434.
[10]伏兵哲,兰剑,李小伟,等.PEG-6000干旱胁迫对16个苜蓿品种种子萌发的影响[J].种子,2012,31(4):10-14.Fu B Z,Lan J,Li X W,et al.Effects of PEG-6000drought stress on seed germination of 16alfalfa varieties[J].Seed,2012,31(4):10-14.
[11]国际种子检验协会(ISTA).国际种子检验规程[M].北京:技术标准出版社,1980:145-183.International Seed Testing Association(ISTA).International seed inspection regulations revise[M].Beijing:Technical Standard Press,1980:145-183.
[12]回振龙,李自龙,刘文瑜,等.黄腐酸浸种对PEG模拟干旱胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(8):1621-1629.Hui Z L,Li Z L,Liu W Y,et al.Effects of soaking seeds with fulvic acid on seed germination and seedling growth of Medicago sativa under PEG simulated drought stress[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2013,33(8):1621-1629.
[13]秦峰梅,张红香,武祎,等.盐胁迫对黄花苜蓿发芽及幼苗生长的影响[J].草业学报,2010,19(4):71-78.Qin F M,Zhang H X,Wu Y,et al.Effects of salt stress on germination and seedling growth of Medicago varia[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2010,19(4):71-78.
[14]李威.PEG胁迫下6种裸燕麦品种种子萌发期的抗旱性研究[J].种子,2014,33(5):38-41.Li W.Study on drought resistance of 6naked oat varieties at seed germination stage under PEG stress[J].Seed,2014,33(5):38-41.
[15]秦文静,梁宗锁.四种豆科牧草萌发期对干旱胁迫的响应及抗旱性评价[J].草业学报,2010,19(4):61-70.Qin W J,Liang Z S.Response of four legume forages to drought stress and evaluation of their drought resistance[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2010,19(4):61-70.
[16]刘贵河,郭郁频,任永霞,等.PEG胁迫下5种牧草饲料作物种子萌发期的抗旱性研究[J].种子,2013,32(1):15-19.Liu G H,Guo Y P,Ren Y X,et al.Study on drought resistance of 5forage seeds at germination stage under PEG stress[J].Seed,2013,32(1):15-19.
[17]荣秀连,王波,刘刊,等.PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫对冷季型草坪种子萌发特性影响[J].北方园艺,2010,10(8):80-82.Rong X L,Wang B,Liu K,et al.Effects of drought stress simulated by PEG-6000on seed germination characteristics of cold season turfgrass[J].Northern Horticulture,2010,10(8):80-82.
[18]伏兵哲,高雪芹,高永发,等.21个苜蓿品种主要农艺性状关联分析与综合评价[J].草业学报,2015,24(11):174-182.Fu B Z,Gao X Q,Gao Y F,et al.Correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation of main agronomic characters of 21alfalfa varieties[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2015,24(11):174-182.
[19]马巧利,孙彦,杨青川,等.NaCl和等渗PEG4000胁迫对紫花苜蓿种子发芽及生理活性的影响[J].草地学报,2012,20(3):547-552.Ma Q L,Sun Y,Yang Q C,et al.Effects of NaCl and osmotic PEG4000stress on seed germination of Medicago sativa[J].Journal of Grassland Science,2012,20(3):547-552.
[20]韩瑞宏,卢欣石,高桂娟,等.紫花苜蓿抗旱性主成分及隶属函数分析[J].草地学报,2006,14(2):142-146.Han R H,Lu X S,Gao G J,et al.Analysis of main components and membership function of drought resistance of alfalfa[J].Journal of Grassland Science,2006,14(2):142-146.
[21]彭玉梅,石国亮,崔辉梅.PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫下不同加工番茄种子萌发期抗旱性评价[J].种子,2013,32(7):44-49.Peng Y M,Shi G L,Cui H M.Drought resistance evaluation of different processing tomato seeds at germination stage under drought stress simulated by PEG-6000[J].Seed,2013,32(7):44-49.
[22]刘学义.大豆抗旱性评定方法探讨[J].中国油料,1986(4):25-28.Liu X Y.Discussion on drought resistance evaluation methods of soybean[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,1986(4):25-28.
[23]牛瑞明,王燕,吴桂丽,等.裸燕麦种子萌发对模拟干旱胁迫的响应及其耐旱性综合评价[J].麦类作物学报,2011,31(4):753-756.Niu R M,Wang Y,Wu G L,et al.Response of naked oat seed germination to simulated drought stress and comprehensive evaluation of drought tolerance[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2011,31(4):753-756.
[2] Munns R.Comparative physiology of salt and water stress[J].Plant Cell and Environment,2002,25(2):239-250.
[3]刘彬彬.水分胁迫对玉米幼苗形态建成、生理代谢及根系吸水的影响[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2008.Liu B B.Effects of water stress on morphogenesis,physiological metabolism and root water uptake of maize seedlings[D].Beijing:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2008.
[4]赵燕梅,钟华,崔志文,等.不同品种、刈割时期苜蓿的营养特性[J].草业与畜牧,2015,15(1):17-22.Zhao Y M,Zhong H,Cui Z W,et al.Nutritional characteristics of alfalfa in different varieties and cutting periods[J].Prataculture&Animal Husbandry,2015,15(1):17-22.
[5]王赞,李源,吴欣明,等.PEG渗透胁迫下鸭茅种子萌发特性及抗旱性鉴定[J].中国草地学报,2008,30(1):50-55.Wang Z,Li Y,Wu X M,et al.PEG osmotic stress on germination characteristics and drought resistance evaluation under orchardgrass[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland Science,2008,30(1):50-55.
[6]马廷臣,余蓉蓉,陈荣军,等.PEG-6000模拟干旱对水稻幼苗期根系的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(6):1206-1211.Ma T C,Yu R R,Chen R J,et al.Effects of simulated drought on root system of rice seedlings at PEG-6000[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2010,18(6):1206-1211.
[7]余玲.不同品种紫花苜蓿种子发育的生理生化研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2008.Yu L.Physiological and biochemical studies on seed development of different alfalfa varieties[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2008.
[8]刘慧霞,王彦荣.水引发对紫花苜蓿种子萌发及其生理活动的影响[J].草业学报,2008,17(4):78-84.Liu H X,Wang Y R.Effects of water priming on seed germination and physiological activities of Medicago sativa[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2008,17(4):78-84.
[9] JoséA C,Da Silva E A A,Davide A C,et al.Effects of drying rate and storage time on Magnolia ovata spreng.seed viability[J].Seed Science and Technology,2011,39(2):425-434.
[10]伏兵哲,兰剑,李小伟,等.PEG-6000干旱胁迫对16个苜蓿品种种子萌发的影响[J].种子,2012,31(4):10-14.Fu B Z,Lan J,Li X W,et al.Effects of PEG-6000drought stress on seed germination of 16alfalfa varieties[J].Seed,2012,31(4):10-14.
[11]国际种子检验协会(ISTA).国际种子检验规程[M].北京:技术标准出版社,1980:145-183.International Seed Testing Association(ISTA).International seed inspection regulations revise[M].Beijing:Technical Standard Press,1980:145-183.
[12]回振龙,李自龙,刘文瑜,等.黄腐酸浸种对PEG模拟干旱胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(8):1621-1629.Hui Z L,Li Z L,Liu W Y,et al.Effects of soaking seeds with fulvic acid on seed germination and seedling growth of Medicago sativa under PEG simulated drought stress[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2013,33(8):1621-1629.
[13]秦峰梅,张红香,武祎,等.盐胁迫对黄花苜蓿发芽及幼苗生长的影响[J].草业学报,2010,19(4):71-78.Qin F M,Zhang H X,Wu Y,et al.Effects of salt stress on germination and seedling growth of Medicago varia[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2010,19(4):71-78.
[14]李威.PEG胁迫下6种裸燕麦品种种子萌发期的抗旱性研究[J].种子,2014,33(5):38-41.Li W.Study on drought resistance of 6naked oat varieties at seed germination stage under PEG stress[J].Seed,2014,33(5):38-41.
[15]秦文静,梁宗锁.四种豆科牧草萌发期对干旱胁迫的响应及抗旱性评价[J].草业学报,2010,19(4):61-70.Qin W J,Liang Z S.Response of four legume forages to drought stress and evaluation of their drought resistance[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2010,19(4):61-70.
[16]刘贵河,郭郁频,任永霞,等.PEG胁迫下5种牧草饲料作物种子萌发期的抗旱性研究[J].种子,2013,32(1):15-19.Liu G H,Guo Y P,Ren Y X,et al.Study on drought resistance of 5forage seeds at germination stage under PEG stress[J].Seed,2013,32(1):15-19.
[17]荣秀连,王波,刘刊,等.PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫对冷季型草坪种子萌发特性影响[J].北方园艺,2010,10(8):80-82.Rong X L,Wang B,Liu K,et al.Effects of drought stress simulated by PEG-6000on seed germination characteristics of cold season turfgrass[J].Northern Horticulture,2010,10(8):80-82.
[18]伏兵哲,高雪芹,高永发,等.21个苜蓿品种主要农艺性状关联分析与综合评价[J].草业学报,2015,24(11):174-182.Fu B Z,Gao X Q,Gao Y F,et al.Correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation of main agronomic characters of 21alfalfa varieties[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2015,24(11):174-182.
[19]马巧利,孙彦,杨青川,等.NaCl和等渗PEG4000胁迫对紫花苜蓿种子发芽及生理活性的影响[J].草地学报,2012,20(3):547-552.Ma Q L,Sun Y,Yang Q C,et al.Effects of NaCl and osmotic PEG4000stress on seed germination of Medicago sativa[J].Journal of Grassland Science,2012,20(3):547-552.
[20]韩瑞宏,卢欣石,高桂娟,等.紫花苜蓿抗旱性主成分及隶属函数分析[J].草地学报,2006,14(2):142-146.Han R H,Lu X S,Gao G J,et al.Analysis of main components and membership function of drought resistance of alfalfa[J].Journal of Grassland Science,2006,14(2):142-146.
[21]彭玉梅,石国亮,崔辉梅.PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫下不同加工番茄种子萌发期抗旱性评价[J].种子,2013,32(7):44-49.Peng Y M,Shi G L,Cui H M.Drought resistance evaluation of different processing tomato seeds at germination stage under drought stress simulated by PEG-6000[J].Seed,2013,32(7):44-49.
[22]刘学义.大豆抗旱性评定方法探讨[J].中国油料,1986(4):25-28.Liu X Y.Discussion on drought resistance evaluation methods of soybean[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,1986(4):25-28.
[23]牛瑞明,王燕,吴桂丽,等.裸燕麦种子萌发对模拟干旱胁迫的响应及其耐旱性综合评价[J].麦类作物学报,2011,31(4):753-756.Niu R M,Wang Y,Wu G L,et al.Response of naked oat seed germination to simulated drought stress and comprehensive evaluation of drought tolerance[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2011,31(4):753-756.