基于混沌Duffing振子的BPSK信号K-means聚类解调方法
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摘要
针对二进制相移键控(binary phase shift keying,BPSK)信号在低信噪比下解调误码率较高的问题,提出了一种基于混沌Duffing振子的K-means解调方法。该方法的思想是根据混沌Duffing振子系统对初值的敏感性以及对噪声的免疫特性,低信噪比下Duffing振子系统输入BPSK信号时,由于BPSK信号相位在0°和π之间的跳变从而导致Duffing振子输出相轨迹状态发生改变。针对相轨迹状态的变化,采用K-means聚类算法对相轨迹进行迭代求质心,根据收敛后的质心间距大小对BPSK信号进行判决解调。仿真结果表明,与现有的几种解调方法相比较,基于混沌Duffing振子的BPSK信号K-means聚类解调方法在低信噪比下解调速度、解调精度等方面都有了较大的提高。
For the BPSK signal always got high bit error rate(BER) when demodulated in a low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)environment,this paper proposed a K-means clustering demodulation method based on chaos Duffing oscillator to reduce the BER. This study accorded to two characteristics of Duffing oscillator,not only it was very sensitive to the initial value,but also had certain immunity to noise. The phase of BPSK signal change between 0° and π caused state change in the Duffing oscillator's phase orbits,and used a K-means clustering method to find the centroid of phase orbit by iteration,then demodulated BPSK signal by calculating the distance of centroids. Simulation results show that the K-means clustering demodulation method has a great improvement in the calculation rate and the demodulation accuracy in a low SNR environment.
For the BPSK signal always got high bit error rate(BER) when demodulated in a low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)environment,this paper proposed a K-means clustering demodulation method based on chaos Duffing oscillator to reduce the BER. This study accorded to two characteristics of Duffing oscillator,not only it was very sensitive to the initial value,but also had certain immunity to noise. The phase of BPSK signal change between 0° and π caused state change in the Duffing oscillator's phase orbits,and used a K-means clustering method to find the centroid of phase orbit by iteration,then demodulated BPSK signal by calculating the distance of centroids. Simulation results show that the K-means clustering demodulation method has a great improvement in the calculation rate and the demodulation accuracy in a low SNR environment.
引文
[1]徐立振.基于混沌理论的微弱BPSK信号检测技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.(Xu Lizhen. Research on weak BPSK signal detection based on chaos theory[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2012.)
[2]季锦杰.基于混沌同步的低信噪比BPSK信号接收技术[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.(Ji Jinjie. Weak BPSK signal reception based on chaotic synchronization[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014.)
[3] Liu Jin,Li Zan,Gao Rui,et al. A novel detector based on parameterinduced bistable stochastic resonance for FSK signal processing at low SNR[C]//Proc of IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology. Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2014:427-430.
[4]王瑞峰,张宏雁.基于Duffing振子的2FSK信号检测方法研究[J].铁道学报,2013,35(7):63-67.(Wang Ruifeng,Zhang Hongyan. Study on detection method of 2FSK signal based on Duffing oscillator[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(7):63-67.)
[5]尚金红,王辅忠,张光璐,等.基于随机共振的2PSK信号相干接收误码率的研究[J].应用声学,2015,34(6):495-500.(Shang Jinhong,Wang Fuzhong,Zhang Guanglu,et al. A study of 2PSK signal’s bit error coherent demodulation based on stochastic resonance[J]. Journal of Applied Acoustics,2015,34(6):495-500.)
[6]张福佳,江虹,张秋云.基于随机共振的大频率信号相干接收误码率研究[J].自动化仪表,2017,38(7):50-53.(Zhang Fujia,Jiang Hong,Zhang Qiuyun. Study on the bit error of coherent reception of high frequency signal based on stochastic resonance[J]. Process Automation Instrumentation,2017,38(7):50-53.)
[7]詹亚锋,曹志刚,马正新.滚降系数误差对MPSK信号误码性能的影响[J].通信学报,2003,4(10):125-130.(Zhan Yafeng,Cao Zhigang,Ma Zhengxin. The effects of rolloff-factor error on the BER performance of MPSK signals[J]. Journal of China Institute of Communications,2003,4(10):125-130.)
[8]左金钟,马伊民,习清伶.滚降系数不匹配对基带传输系统的性能影响[J].国外电子测量技术,2011,30(8):21-28.(Zuo Jinzhong,Ma Yimin,Xi Qinglin. The effects of mismatched roll-off factor on the performance of digital baseband transmission system[J].Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology,2011,30(8):21-28.)
[9]谢涛,魏学业.混沌振子在微弱信号检测中的可靠性研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2008,29(6):1265-1269.(Xie Tao,Wei Xueye. Study on reliability of chaostic in weak signal detection[J]. China Journal of Scientific Instrument,2008,29(6):1265-1269.)
[10]范剑.随机共振和混沌理论在微弱信号检测中的应用研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2014.(Fan Jian. Research on application of stochastic resonance and chaos theory in weak signal detection[D].Tianjin:Hebei University of Technology,2014.)
[11]冷永刚,赖志慧.基于Kramers逃逸速率的Duffing振子广义调参随机共振研究[J].物理学报,2014,63(2):21-29.(Leng Yonggang,Lai Zhihui. Generalized parameter-adjusted stochastic resonance of Duffing oscillator based on Kramers rate[J]. Acta Physica Sinica,2014,63(2):21-29.)
[12]赖志慧.基于Duffing振子混沌和随机共振特性的微弱信号检测方法研究[D].天津:天津大学,2014.(Lai Zhihui. Weak-signal detection based on the chaotic and stochastic-resonance characteristic of Duffing oscillator[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University,2014.)
[13]Wang Guanyu,He Sailin. A quantitative study on detection and estimation of weak signals by using chaos Duffing oscillators[J]. IEEE Trans on Circuits and Systems,2003,50(7):945-953.
[14]聂春燕.混沌系统与弱信号检测[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009.(Nie Chunyan. Chaostic system and weak signal detection[M]. Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2009.)
[15]万静,张义,何云斌,等.基于KD-树和K-means动态聚类方法研究[J].计算机应用研究,2015,32(12):3590-3595.(Wan Jing,Zhang Yi,He Yunbin,et al. Dynamic clustering algorithm based on KD-tree and K-means method[J]. Application Research of Computers,2015,32(12):3590-3595.)
[16]翟东海,鱼江,高飞.最大距离法选取初始簇中心的K-means文本聚类算法的研究[J].计算机应用研究,2014,31(3):713-716.(Zhai Donghai,Yu Jiang,Gao Fei. K-means text clustering algorithm based on initial cluster centers selection according to maximum distance[J]. Application Research of Computers,2014,31(3):713-716.)
[2]季锦杰.基于混沌同步的低信噪比BPSK信号接收技术[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.(Ji Jinjie. Weak BPSK signal reception based on chaotic synchronization[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014.)
[3] Liu Jin,Li Zan,Gao Rui,et al. A novel detector based on parameterinduced bistable stochastic resonance for FSK signal processing at low SNR[C]//Proc of IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology. Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2014:427-430.
[4]王瑞峰,张宏雁.基于Duffing振子的2FSK信号检测方法研究[J].铁道学报,2013,35(7):63-67.(Wang Ruifeng,Zhang Hongyan. Study on detection method of 2FSK signal based on Duffing oscillator[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(7):63-67.)
[5]尚金红,王辅忠,张光璐,等.基于随机共振的2PSK信号相干接收误码率的研究[J].应用声学,2015,34(6):495-500.(Shang Jinhong,Wang Fuzhong,Zhang Guanglu,et al. A study of 2PSK signal’s bit error coherent demodulation based on stochastic resonance[J]. Journal of Applied Acoustics,2015,34(6):495-500.)
[6]张福佳,江虹,张秋云.基于随机共振的大频率信号相干接收误码率研究[J].自动化仪表,2017,38(7):50-53.(Zhang Fujia,Jiang Hong,Zhang Qiuyun. Study on the bit error of coherent reception of high frequency signal based on stochastic resonance[J]. Process Automation Instrumentation,2017,38(7):50-53.)
[7]詹亚锋,曹志刚,马正新.滚降系数误差对MPSK信号误码性能的影响[J].通信学报,2003,4(10):125-130.(Zhan Yafeng,Cao Zhigang,Ma Zhengxin. The effects of rolloff-factor error on the BER performance of MPSK signals[J]. Journal of China Institute of Communications,2003,4(10):125-130.)
[8]左金钟,马伊民,习清伶.滚降系数不匹配对基带传输系统的性能影响[J].国外电子测量技术,2011,30(8):21-28.(Zuo Jinzhong,Ma Yimin,Xi Qinglin. The effects of mismatched roll-off factor on the performance of digital baseband transmission system[J].Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology,2011,30(8):21-28.)
[9]谢涛,魏学业.混沌振子在微弱信号检测中的可靠性研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2008,29(6):1265-1269.(Xie Tao,Wei Xueye. Study on reliability of chaostic in weak signal detection[J]. China Journal of Scientific Instrument,2008,29(6):1265-1269.)
[10]范剑.随机共振和混沌理论在微弱信号检测中的应用研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2014.(Fan Jian. Research on application of stochastic resonance and chaos theory in weak signal detection[D].Tianjin:Hebei University of Technology,2014.)
[11]冷永刚,赖志慧.基于Kramers逃逸速率的Duffing振子广义调参随机共振研究[J].物理学报,2014,63(2):21-29.(Leng Yonggang,Lai Zhihui. Generalized parameter-adjusted stochastic resonance of Duffing oscillator based on Kramers rate[J]. Acta Physica Sinica,2014,63(2):21-29.)
[12]赖志慧.基于Duffing振子混沌和随机共振特性的微弱信号检测方法研究[D].天津:天津大学,2014.(Lai Zhihui. Weak-signal detection based on the chaotic and stochastic-resonance characteristic of Duffing oscillator[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University,2014.)
[13]Wang Guanyu,He Sailin. A quantitative study on detection and estimation of weak signals by using chaos Duffing oscillators[J]. IEEE Trans on Circuits and Systems,2003,50(7):945-953.
[14]聂春燕.混沌系统与弱信号检测[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009.(Nie Chunyan. Chaostic system and weak signal detection[M]. Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2009.)
[15]万静,张义,何云斌,等.基于KD-树和K-means动态聚类方法研究[J].计算机应用研究,2015,32(12):3590-3595.(Wan Jing,Zhang Yi,He Yunbin,et al. Dynamic clustering algorithm based on KD-tree and K-means method[J]. Application Research of Computers,2015,32(12):3590-3595.)
[16]翟东海,鱼江,高飞.最大距离法选取初始簇中心的K-means文本聚类算法的研究[J].计算机应用研究,2014,31(3):713-716.(Zhai Donghai,Yu Jiang,Gao Fei. K-means text clustering algorithm based on initial cluster centers selection according to maximum distance[J]. Application Research of Computers,2014,31(3):713-716.)