宣威典型植烟区土壤养分综合评价
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摘要
为全面了解宣威主要植烟区土壤营养状况,选取宣威热水和落水2个典型烟区,采集212份土壤样本进行土壤养分含量测定,运用主成分分析法确定各土壤养分指标的权重,并利用模糊数学隶属度函数对土壤养分进行综合评价。结果表明:宣威主要植烟区土壤综合肥力指数在中等及以上水平的占70.25%;植烟土壤pH在适宜烤烟生长范围的占81.84%;土壤有机质和碱解氮含量在丰富及以上水平的分别占87.97%和91.77%,含量偏高;土壤速效磷含量在缺乏及以下水平的占42.40%,土壤速效钾含量达到中等及以上水平的占71.44%。宣威主要植烟区土壤氮以及有机质含量过高,而磷元素缺乏,在烤烟生产过程中应针对土壤营养状况,注意控制施加氮和有机质,及时补充磷、钾等,使土壤营养更加均衡和协调。
In order to completely understand soil nutrient status of the main tobacco-growing regions,the 212 soil samples were collected from Reshui and Luoshui tobacco-growing areas in Xuanwei City of Yunnan province.Then,the contents of soil nutrients were determined,and the weight of each soil nutrient index was determined by principal component analysis. Moreover,the soil nutrient was comprehensively evaluated by fuzzy mathematics membership function.Results:Comprehensive fertility of70.25%soils in two typical tobacco-growing areas was in the medium or above level in Xuanwei City.The pH value of 81.84% soil samples were in the suitable range with normal growth of flue-cured tobacco.Organic matter content of 87.97%soil samples and alkali-hydrolytic nitrogen of 91.77%soil samples were in the rich or above level,and the content of two indicators in soil were on the high side.At the same time,available phosphorus content of 42.40%soil samples was in the absence or above level,and available potassium content of 71.44%soil samples was in the medium or above level.On the whole,the content of soil nitrogen and organic matter were high,phosphorus content were lacking in typical tobacco-growing area of Xuanwei City.Therefore,the actual situation of soil nutrients during the tobacco production should be mastered,nitrogen and organic nutrients should be controlled,while nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium need to be supplemented during the fertilization process,the aim was to make soil nutrients more balanced and coordinated in the tobacco-growing area.
In order to completely understand soil nutrient status of the main tobacco-growing regions,the 212 soil samples were collected from Reshui and Luoshui tobacco-growing areas in Xuanwei City of Yunnan province.Then,the contents of soil nutrients were determined,and the weight of each soil nutrient index was determined by principal component analysis. Moreover,the soil nutrient was comprehensively evaluated by fuzzy mathematics membership function.Results:Comprehensive fertility of70.25%soils in two typical tobacco-growing areas was in the medium or above level in Xuanwei City.The pH value of 81.84% soil samples were in the suitable range with normal growth of flue-cured tobacco.Organic matter content of 87.97%soil samples and alkali-hydrolytic nitrogen of 91.77%soil samples were in the rich or above level,and the content of two indicators in soil were on the high side.At the same time,available phosphorus content of 42.40%soil samples was in the absence or above level,and available potassium content of 71.44%soil samples was in the medium or above level.On the whole,the content of soil nitrogen and organic matter were high,phosphorus content were lacking in typical tobacco-growing area of Xuanwei City.Therefore,the actual situation of soil nutrients during the tobacco production should be mastered,nitrogen and organic nutrients should be controlled,while nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium need to be supplemented during the fertilization process,the aim was to make soil nutrients more balanced and coordinated in the tobacco-growing area.
引文
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[24]付亚丽,李宏光,付国润,等.红河植烟土壤中微量元素含量分析[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2012,27(1):73-79.
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[26]胡玲,周丽娟,王娟,等.云南烟区植烟土壤养分状况综合评价[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(7):52-59.
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[29]云南省烟草科学研究所,中国烟草育种研究(南方)中心.云南烟草栽培学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[30]闫克玉,赵铭钦.烟草原料学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[31]李艳青.湘西植烟土壤养分状况研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2010.
[32]秦钟立.贵州植烟土壤养分特征研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2007.
[33]张新要,李天福,蒲文宣.不同有机质含量土壤饼肥用量对烤烟产量及品质的影响[J].耕作与栽培,2015(5):24-26.
[34]许自成,王林,王金平.湖南烤烟化学成分与土壤有机质含量的关系[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(10):1186-1190.
[2]时协锋,凌爱芬,李亚娟,等.河南省主要烟区植烟土壤肥力状况评价[J].土壤通报,2009,40(6):1303-1307.
[3]孙建锋,丁云生,刘加红,等.曲靖烟区土壤养分状况的综合评价[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(33):16741-16744.
[4]刘敬殉,刘晓晖,陈长清,等.湘西烟区土壤肥力状况分析与综合评价[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(2):46-50.
[5]李卫,周冀衡,张一扬,等.云南曲靖烟区土壤肥力状况综合评价[J].中国烟草学报,2010,16(2):61-65.
[6]陈杰,唐远驹,梁永江,等.遵义市植烟土壤养分状况分析[J].中国烟草科学,2007,28(5):41-44.
[7]李恒,罗华元,王绍坤,等.红云集团原料基地植烟区土壤养分状况评价[J].云南农业大学学报,2009,24(4):580-585.
[8]王博,杨焕文,李佛琳,等.丽江市植烟土壤养分丰缺状况评价[J].云南农业大学学报,2011,26(3):382-388.
[9]郑立臣,宇万太,马强,等.农田土壤肥力综合评价研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2004,23(5):156-161.
[10]肖汉乾,罗建新,王国宝,等.湖南优质烟区不同产量水平土壤肥力状况分析[J].作物研究,2003,17(1):28-30.
[11]陈江华.中国植烟土壤及烟草养分综合管理[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[12]陈朝阳,陈星峰.南平烟区植烟土壤理化性状聚类分析与施肥对策[J].中国烟草科学,2012,33(3):17-22.
[13]何兴普.昭通植烟土壤与烤烟施肥[M].昆明:云南科技出版社,2006.
[14]黎妍妍,许自成,肖汉乾,等.湖南省主要植烟区土壤肥力状况综合评价[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(11):179-183.
[15]王迪华,杨碧荣.盐湖区蔬菜用地土壤肥力综合评价[J].山西农业科学,2012,40(5):502-504.
[16]李国强,冯晓,郑国清,等.基于改进灰色关联模型的土壤肥力综合评价[J].河南农业科学,2013,42(4):71-74.
[17]吴敏,何鹏,韦家少.海南岛胶园土壤肥力的综合评价[J].中国土壤与肥料,2009(2):1-5.
[18]魏东华,宋智敏,葛淑俊.赤芍的土壤肥力诊断与综合评价[J].中国土壤与肥料,2007(5):73-75.
[19]腊贵晓,刘国顺,曹杰,等.基于地统计学和GIS的喀斯特烟田土壤肥力综合评价---以贵州省毕节地区为例[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(4):63-68.
[20]王宏伟.云南省峨山县植烟土壤肥力的综合评价及变异分析[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2012.
[21]冯婉婉,张学雷,段金龙.豫南水耕地土壤肥力评价及其与水稻产量相关分析[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(6):65-70.
[22]闫铁军,吴风光,毛福利,等.襄樊烟区土壤养分状况的综合评价[J].华北农学报,2010,25(增刊):200-203.
[23]张水清,黄绍敏,郭斗斗.主成分分析在潮土土壤肥力评价中的应用[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(4):82-86.
[24]付亚丽,李宏光,付国润,等.红河植烟土壤中微量元素含量分析[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2012,27(1):73-79.
[25]彭锐,王爱平,伍晓丽,等.不同产地川党参土壤养分主成分分析和聚类分析[J].西南农业学报,2008,21(2):420-424.
[26]胡玲,周丽娟,王娟,等.云南烟区植烟土壤养分状况综合评价[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(7):52-59.
[27]全国土壤普查办公室.全国第二次土壤普查暂行技术规程[M].北京:农业出版社,1979.
[28]骆伯胜,钟继洪,陈俊坚.土壤养分数值化综合评价研究[J].土壤,2004,36(1):104-106.
[29]云南省烟草科学研究所,中国烟草育种研究(南方)中心.云南烟草栽培学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[30]闫克玉,赵铭钦.烟草原料学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[31]李艳青.湘西植烟土壤养分状况研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2010.
[32]秦钟立.贵州植烟土壤养分特征研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2007.
[33]张新要,李天福,蒲文宣.不同有机质含量土壤饼肥用量对烤烟产量及品质的影响[J].耕作与栽培,2015(5):24-26.
[34]许自成,王林,王金平.湖南烤烟化学成分与土壤有机质含量的关系[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(10):1186-1190.