考虑储层倾角和水侵的边水气藏见水时间预测研究
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摘要
目前的边水气藏见水时间预测都忽略储层倾角及水侵对水运移的影响,只考虑水质点舌进,故造成预测的见水时间与实际见水时间有较大差异。为了更准确地预测气井见水时间,基于物质平衡方程及多孔介质流体渗流理论,同时考虑储层倾角及水侵的影响,以质点流动驱动压力和沿倾角方向的重力为依据,将储层水的运移分为水侵阶段和舌进阶段,建立了带倾角边水气藏见水时间预测模型。利用该模型分析了储层倾角及水侵对见水时间的影响,结果发现:水侵速度与水侵时间呈反比;舌进时间随储层倾角增大先增长后缩短,两者之间呈复杂非线性关系。实例应用表明,利用新建模型预测的见水时间与实际见水时间更加接近,表明预测边水气藏见水时间时应该考虑储层倾角和水侵的影响。该预测模型为深入研究带倾角气藏边水推进机理、预测见水时间提供了理论依据,对边水气藏的开发管理具有指导意义。
Currently,predicting the timing of water breakthroughs inedge-water gas reservoirs,only the water mass point tonguing is taken into account while the effect of reservoir dip and water invasion on water migration are ignored.Disregarding the effect of dip and water invasion creates a problem,and the predicted water breakthrough timing does not agree with actual results.In order to predict water breakthrough timing more accurately,the effect of both reservoir dip and water invasion were taken into consideration based on material balance equation and fluid flow theory in porous media.Based on the driving force of mass point flowing and the gravity along the dip direction,the migration of reservoir water was divided into a water invasion stage and a tonguing stage,and then a novel model was developed to predict water breakthrough timing in edge-water gas reservoir with certain dip.The effect of reservoir dip and water invasion on water breakthrough timing were studied in this model.Results demonstrated that the water invasion rate is inversely proportional to the water invasion time,and the reservoir dip is non-linear with the tonguing time primary increases then decreases.The case study showed that the predicted water breakthrough timing of this newly established model is closer to the actual.Results demonstrated that the effect of reservoir dip and water invasion shall be taken into account when water breakthrough timing of edgewater gas reservoirs is predicted.This new model may provide a theoretical basis for analyzing the advancing mechanisms of edge water with dip and predicting water breakthrough timing,as well as an instructive significance in the development and management of gas reservoirs with edge water.
Currently,predicting the timing of water breakthroughs inedge-water gas reservoirs,only the water mass point tonguing is taken into account while the effect of reservoir dip and water invasion on water migration are ignored.Disregarding the effect of dip and water invasion creates a problem,and the predicted water breakthrough timing does not agree with actual results.In order to predict water breakthrough timing more accurately,the effect of both reservoir dip and water invasion were taken into consideration based on material balance equation and fluid flow theory in porous media.Based on the driving force of mass point flowing and the gravity along the dip direction,the migration of reservoir water was divided into a water invasion stage and a tonguing stage,and then a novel model was developed to predict water breakthrough timing in edge-water gas reservoir with certain dip.The effect of reservoir dip and water invasion on water breakthrough timing were studied in this model.Results demonstrated that the water invasion rate is inversely proportional to the water invasion time,and the reservoir dip is non-linear with the tonguing time primary increases then decreases.The case study showed that the predicted water breakthrough timing of this newly established model is closer to the actual.Results demonstrated that the effect of reservoir dip and water invasion shall be taken into account when water breakthrough timing of edgewater gas reservoirs is predicted.This new model may provide a theoretical basis for analyzing the advancing mechanisms of edge water with dip and predicting water breakthrough timing,as well as an instructive significance in the development and management of gas reservoirs with edge water.
引文
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[9]张烈辉,严谨,李允,等.考虑凝析油析出时的底水凝析气藏见水时间预测新方法[J].天然气工业,2004,24(7):74-75.ZHANG Liehui,YAN Jin,LI Yun,et al.New method to predict condensing effect on water breakthrough in condensate reservoirs with bottom water[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(7):74-75.
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[11]吴克柳,李相方,张公涛,等.考虑反凝析的边水凝析气藏见水时间预测新方法[J].科学技术与工程,2011,11(19):4574-4577.WU Keliu,LI Xiangfang,ZHANG Gongtao,et al.A novel approach to predict water breakthrough time in gas condensate reservoir with edge water considering retrograde condensation[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2011,11(19):4574-4577.
[12]张庆辉,屈信忠,柳金城,等.低渗透底水气藏压裂气井见水时间预测[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(1):77-81.ZHANG Qinghui,QU Xinzhong,LIU Jincheng,et al.Prediction of water breakthrough time in fractured gas well in lowpermeability gas reservoir with bottom water[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(1):77-81.
[13]李志军,戚志林,宿亚仙,等.基于水侵预警的边水气藏动态预测模型[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(3):87-92.LI Zhijun,QI Zhilin,SU Yaxian,et al.Dynamic prediction model of edge-water gas reservoir based on water invasion early warning[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2014,36(3):87-92.
[14]李涛,袁舟,陈伟,等.气藏水平井边水突破时间预测[J].断块油气田,2014,21(3):341-343.LI Tao,YUAN Zhou,CHEN Wei,et al.Prediction on water breakthrough time of horizontal well in gas reservoir with edge water[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2014,21(3):341-343.
[15]张庆辉,李相方,张磊,等.考虑启动压力梯度的低渗底水气藏见水时间预测[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(5):96-99.ZHANG Qinghui,LI Xiangfang,ZHANG Lei,et al.Prediction of water breakthrough time in low permeability gas reservoirs with bottom water in consideration of threshold pressure[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2012,40(5):96-99.
[16]汪周华,王子敦,邓丹,等.考虑重力及气体非达西效应影响的边水气藏边水突破时间预测模型[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(2):210-215.WANG Zhouhua,Wang Zidun,DENG Dan,et al.Model for prediction of edge-water breakthrough time in reservoirs with edge water with consideration to effects of gravity and nonDarcy effect of gass[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2016,38(2):210-215.
[2]MEYER H I,GARDER A O.Mechanics of two immiscible fluids in porous media[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1954,25(11):1400-1406.
[3]KARP J C,LOWE D K,MARUSOV N.Horizontal barriers for controlling water coning[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1962,14(7):783-790.
[4]SOBOCINSKI D P,CORNELIUS A J.A correlation for predicting water coning time[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1965,17(5):594-600.
[5]WHEATLEY M J.An approximate theory of oil/water coning[R].SPE 14210,1985.
[6]HYLAND L A,PAPATZACOS P,SKJAEVELAND S M.Critical rate for water coning:correlation and analytical solution[J].SPE Reservoir Engineering,1989,4(4):495-502.
[7]GUO B Y,LEE R L-H.A simple approach to optimization of completion interval in oil/water coning systems[J].SPE Reservoir Engineering,1993,8(4):249-255.
[8]程林松,郎兆新,张丽华.底水驱油藏水平井锥进的油藏工程研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1994,18(4):43-47.CHENG Linsong,LANG Zhaoxin,ZHANG Lihua.Reservoir engineering problem of horizontal wells coning in bottom water drive reservoir[J].Journal of Petroleum University,China(E-dition of Science&Technology),1994,18(4):43-47.
[9]张烈辉,严谨,李允,等.考虑凝析油析出时的底水凝析气藏见水时间预测新方法[J].天然气工业,2004,24(7):74-75.ZHANG Liehui,YAN Jin,LI Yun,et al.New method to predict condensing effect on water breakthrough in condensate reservoirs with bottom water[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(7):74-75.
[10]王会强,李晓平,吴锋,等.边水气藏气井见水时间预测方法[J].特种油气藏,2008,15(4):73-74,93.WANG Huiqiang,LI Xiaoping,WU Feng,et al.Prediction of water breakthrough time in gas reservoirs with edge water[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2008,15(4):73-74,93.
[11]吴克柳,李相方,张公涛,等.考虑反凝析的边水凝析气藏见水时间预测新方法[J].科学技术与工程,2011,11(19):4574-4577.WU Keliu,LI Xiangfang,ZHANG Gongtao,et al.A novel approach to predict water breakthrough time in gas condensate reservoir with edge water considering retrograde condensation[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2011,11(19):4574-4577.
[12]张庆辉,屈信忠,柳金城,等.低渗透底水气藏压裂气井见水时间预测[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(1):77-81.ZHANG Qinghui,QU Xinzhong,LIU Jincheng,et al.Prediction of water breakthrough time in fractured gas well in lowpermeability gas reservoir with bottom water[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(1):77-81.
[13]李志军,戚志林,宿亚仙,等.基于水侵预警的边水气藏动态预测模型[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(3):87-92.LI Zhijun,QI Zhilin,SU Yaxian,et al.Dynamic prediction model of edge-water gas reservoir based on water invasion early warning[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2014,36(3):87-92.
[14]李涛,袁舟,陈伟,等.气藏水平井边水突破时间预测[J].断块油气田,2014,21(3):341-343.LI Tao,YUAN Zhou,CHEN Wei,et al.Prediction on water breakthrough time of horizontal well in gas reservoir with edge water[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2014,21(3):341-343.
[15]张庆辉,李相方,张磊,等.考虑启动压力梯度的低渗底水气藏见水时间预测[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(5):96-99.ZHANG Qinghui,LI Xiangfang,ZHANG Lei,et al.Prediction of water breakthrough time in low permeability gas reservoirs with bottom water in consideration of threshold pressure[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2012,40(5):96-99.
[16]汪周华,王子敦,邓丹,等.考虑重力及气体非达西效应影响的边水气藏边水突破时间预测模型[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(2):210-215.WANG Zhouhua,Wang Zidun,DENG Dan,et al.Model for prediction of edge-water breakthrough time in reservoirs with edge water with consideration to effects of gravity and nonDarcy effect of gass[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2016,38(2):210-215.